全球人口老齡化和慢性病例數的增加，患者及其需求的加劇，醫學知識和技術的日新月異，要求當今的衛生人才不僅要具備全面的專業知識和技能，更需要有跨專業的團隊合作能力。跨專業教育（IPE）作為一種促進專業溝通，改善團隊合作的途徑被提出。現就醫學教育中的IPE全球開展情況、基礎理論、介入時間、評價工具、發展制約因素等方面的現狀及進展進行綜述。
Citation： 張婷,陳紅. 醫學教育中跨專業教育的發展概況. West China Medical Journal, 2013, 28(12): 1958-1961. doi: 10.7507/1002-0179.20130619 Copy
Copyright ? the editorial department of West China Medical Journal of West China Medical Publisher. All rights reserved
| 1. | Lary MJ, Lavigne SE, Muma RD, et al. Breaking down barriers: multidisciplinary education model [J]. J Allied Health, 1997, 26(2): 63. |
| 2. | World Health Organisation (WHO). Framework for action on interprofessional education and collaborative practice [R]. Geneva: World Health Organisation, 2009. |
| 3. | Institute Of Medicine. Health profession education: a bridge to quality [R]. Washington, DC: National Academies Press, 2003. |
| 4. | Hammick M, Freeth D, Koppel I, et al. A best evidence systematic review of interprofessional education: BEME Guide No.9[J]. Med Teach, 2007, 29(8): 735-751. |
| 5. | World Health Organisation. Learning together to work together [R]. Geneva: WHO, 1988. |
| 6. | Centre for the Advancement of Interprofessional Education (CAIPE). Interprofessional education-a definition [R]. London: CAIPE, 2006. |
| 7. | Olenick M, Allen LR, Smego RA. Interprofessional education: a concept analysis [J]. Adv Med Educ Pract, 2010, 1: 75-84. |
| 8. | Gilbert J, Yan J. Unpublished letter to author and other health care colleagues [R]. Geneva: WHO study group, 2008. |
| 9. | Bloor K, Maynard A. Planning human resources in health care: towards an economic approach. An international comparative review [R]. Ottawa: Canadian Health Services Research Foundation, 2003. |
| 10. | Frenk J, Chen L, Bhutta Z A, et al. Health professionals for a new century: transforming education to strengthen health systems in an interdependent world[J]. The Lancet, 2010, 376(9756), 1923-1958. |
| 11. | Institute of Medicine. Crossing the quality chasm: a new health system for the 21st century [R]. Washington, DC: National Academy Press, 2001. |
| 12. | Committee on Quality Health Care in America. Crossing the quality chasm: a new health system for the 21st century [R]. Washington, DC: National Academy Press, 2001. |
| 13. | Carlisle C, Cooper H, Watkins C. “Do none of you talk to each other?” The challenges facing the implementation of interprofessional care[J]. Med Teach, 2004, 26(6): 545-552. |
| 14. | World Health Organization. The alma ata declaration [R]. Geneva: World Health Organization, 1978. |
| 15. | CAIPE. Interprofessional education-a definition [R]. London: Centre for the Advancement of Interprofessional Education, 1997. |
| 16. | Olenick M, Foote E, Vanston P, et al. A regional model of interprofessional education [J]. Adv Med Educ Pract, 2011, 2: 17-23. |
| 17. | Bainbridge L, Nasmith L, Orchard C, et al. Competencies for interprofessional collaboration[J]. J phys ther educ, 2010, 24(1): 6-11. |
| 18. | Chan EA, Chi SP, Ching S, et al. Interprofessional education: the interface of nursing and social work [J]. J Clin Nurs, 2010, 19(1-2): 168-176. |
| 19. | Eraut M. The many meanings of theory and practice[J]. Learn Health Social Care, 2003, 2(2): 61-65. |
| 20. | Hean S, Craddock D, O’Halloran, et al. Learning theories and interprofessional education: a user’s guide[J]. Learn Health Social Care, 2009, 8(4): 250-262. |
| 21. | Norris E, Alexander H, Livingston M, et al. Multidisciplinary perspectives on core networking skills. A study of skills and associated training needs, for professionals working in managed clinical networks[J]. J Interprof Care, 2005, 19(2): 156-163. |
| 22. | Burns RB. The Adult Learner at Work: a comprehensive guide to the context, psychology and methods of learning for the workplace[M]. New South Wales： Business and Professional Publishing, 1995: 22-25. |
| 23. | Phillip G Clarke. What would a theory of interprofessional education look like? Some suggestions for developing a theoretical framework for teamwork training [J]. J Interprof Care, 2006, 20(6): 577-589. |
| 24. | Kaufman DM. Applying educational theory in practice [J]. BMJ, 2003, 326(7382): 213-216. |
| 25. | Puliyel MM, Piliyel JM, Puliyel U. Drawing on adult learning theory to teach personal and professional values[J]. Med Teach, 1999, 21(5): 513-515. |
| 26. | Wood DF. ABC of learning and teaching in medicine. Problem based learning [J]. BMJ, 2003, 326(7384): 328-330. |
| 27. | Spencer JA, Jordan RK. Learner centred approaches in medical education[J]. BMJ, 1999, 318(7193): 1280-1283. |
| 28. | Engestrom Y. Expansive learning at work: toward an activity theoretical reconceptualisation[J]. J Educ Work, 2001, 14(1): 133-156. |
| 29. | Payler J, Meyer E, Humphris D. Theorizing interprofessional pedagogic evaluation: frame work for evaluating the impact of interprofessional continuing professional development on practice change[J]. Learning in Health and Social Care, 2007, 6(3): 156-169. |
| 30. | Robinson M, Cottrell D. Health professionals in multi-disciplinary and multi-agency teams: changing professional practice [J]. J Interprof Care, 2005, 19(6): 547-560. |
| 31. | Curran V. Interprofessional education for collaborative patient-centered practice research synthesis paper [R]. Canada: Health Canada, 2004. |
| 32. | Hoffman SJ, Harnish D. The merit of mandatory interprofessional education for pre-health professional students[J]. Med Teach, 2007, 29(8): 235-242. |
| 33. | Coster S, Norman I, Murrells T, et al. Interprofessional attitudes amongst undergraduate students in the health professions: a longitudinal questionnaire survey[J]. Int J Nurs Stud, 2008, 45(11): 1667-1681. |
| 34. | Horak BJ, O’Leary KC, Carlson L. Preparing health care professionals for quality improvement: the George Washington University/George Mason University experience[J]. Qual Manag Health Care, 1998, 6(2): 21-30. |
| 35. | Cooper H, Spencer-Dawe E, Mclean E. Beginning the process of teamwork: design, implementation and evaluation of an inter-professional education intervention for the first year undergraduate students[J]. J Interprof Care, 2005, 19(5): 492-508. |
| 36. | Petrie H G. Do you see what I see? The epistemology of interdisciplinary inquiry [J]. Educ Res, 1976, 5(2): 29-43. |
| 37. | Mariano C. The case for interdisciplinary collaboration[J]. Nurs Outlook, 1989, 37(6): 285-288. |
| 38. | Carpenter J. Interprofessional education for medical and nursing students: evaluation of a programme[J]. Med Educ, 1995, 29(4): 265-272. |
| 39. | Wahlström O, Sandén I, Hammar M. Multiprofessional education in the medical curriculum[J]. Med Educ, 1997, 31(6): 425-429. |
| 40. | M Luecht R, Madsen MK, Taugher MP, et al. Assessing professional perceptions: design and validation of an interdisciplinary education perception scale [J]. J Allied Health, 1990, 19(2): 181-191. |
| 41. | Parsell G, Bligh J. The development of a questionnaireto assess the readiness of health care students for interprofessional learning (RIPLS) [J]. Med Educ, 1999, 33(2): 95-100. |
| 42. | Reid R, Bruce D, Allstaff K, et al. Validating the readiness for interprofessional learning scale (RIPLS) in the postgraduate context: are health care professionals ready for IPL?[J]. Med Educ, 40(5): 415-422. |
| 43. | Morison SL, Stewart MC. Developing interprofessional assessment [J]. Learning in Health and Social Care, 2005, 4(4): 192-202. |
| 44. | Simmons B, Lee EE, Wagner J, et al. Assessment of interprofessional learning: the design of aninterprofessional objective structured clinical examination (iOSCE) approach [J]. J Interprof Care, 2011, 25(1): 73-74. |
| 45. | Sargeant J, Hill T, Breau L. Development and testing of a scale to assess interprofessional education (IPE) faciliation skill[J]. J Contin Educ Health Prof, 2010, 30(2): 126-131. |
| 46. | King G, Shaw L, Orchard CA, et al. The interprofessional socialization and valuing scale: a tool for evaluating the shift toward collaborative care approaches in health care settings [J]. Work, 2010, 35(1): 77-85. |
| 47. | Mitchell PH, Belza B, Schaad DC, et al. Working across the boundaries of health professions disciplines in education, research and service: the university of washington experience[J]. Aca Med: JAMA, 2006, 81(10): 891-896. |
| 48. | Wagner J, Liston B, Miller J. Developing interprofessional communication skills [J]. Teaching and Learning in Nursing, 2011, 6(3): 97-101. |
| 49. | Wagner J, Liston B, Miller J. Developing interprofessional communication skills [J]. Teaching and Learning in Nursing, 2011, 6(3): 97-101. |
| 50. | Larson, EL. New rules for the game: interdisciplinary education for health professionals[J]. Nurs Outlook, 1995, 43(4): 180-185. |
| 51. | Liston BW, Fischer MA, Way DP, et al. Interprofessional education in the internal medicine clerkship: results from a national survey[J]. Academic Medicine, 2011, 86(7): 872-876. |
| 52. | Gilbert JHV, Yan J. Unpublished letter to author and other health care colleagues [R]. Geneva: WHO study group, 2010. |
| 53. | Chitty KK, Black BP. Professional nursing: concepts and challenges [M]. Missouri: W.B. Saunders Company, 2007: 114-117. |
| 54. | Vandana S. Biopiracy: the plunder of nature and knowledge[M]. Boston: South end press, 1997: 13-15. |
- 1. Lary MJ, Lavigne SE, Muma RD, et al. Breaking down barriers: multidisciplinary education model [J]. J Allied Health, 1997, 26(2): 63.
- 2. World Health Organisation (WHO). Framework for action on interprofessional education and collaborative practice [R]. Geneva: World Health Organisation, 2009.
- 3. Institute Of Medicine. Health profession education: a bridge to quality [R]. Washington, DC: National Academies Press, 2003.
- 4. Hammick M, Freeth D, Koppel I, et al. A best evidence systematic review of interprofessional education: BEME Guide No.9[J]. Med Teach, 2007, 29(8): 735-751.
- 5. World Health Organisation. Learning together to work together [R]. Geneva: WHO, 1988.
- 6. Centre for the Advancement of Interprofessional Education (CAIPE). Interprofessional education-a definition [R]. London: CAIPE, 2006.
- 7. Olenick M, Allen LR, Smego RA. Interprofessional education: a concept analysis [J]. Adv Med Educ Pract, 2010, 1: 75-84.
- 8. Gilbert J, Yan J. Unpublished letter to author and other health care colleagues [R]. Geneva: WHO study group, 2008.
- 9. Bloor K, Maynard A. Planning human resources in health care: towards an economic approach. An international comparative review [R]. Ottawa: Canadian Health Services Research Foundation, 2003.
- 10. Frenk J, Chen L, Bhutta Z A, et al. Health professionals for a new century: transforming education to strengthen health systems in an interdependent world[J]. The Lancet, 2010, 376(9756), 1923-1958.
- 11. Institute of Medicine. Crossing the quality chasm: a new health system for the 21st century [R]. Washington, DC: National Academy Press, 2001.
- 12. Committee on Quality Health Care in America. Crossing the quality chasm: a new health system for the 21st century [R]. Washington, DC: National Academy Press, 2001.
- 13. Carlisle C, Cooper H, Watkins C. “Do none of you talk to each other?” The challenges facing the implementation of interprofessional care[J]. Med Teach, 2004, 26(6): 545-552.
- 14. World Health Organization. The alma ata declaration [R]. Geneva: World Health Organization, 1978.
- 15. CAIPE. Interprofessional education-a definition [R]. London: Centre for the Advancement of Interprofessional Education, 1997.
- 16. Olenick M, Foote E, Vanston P, et al. A regional model of interprofessional education [J]. Adv Med Educ Pract, 2011, 2: 17-23.
- 17. Bainbridge L, Nasmith L, Orchard C, et al. Competencies for interprofessional collaboration[J]. J phys ther educ, 2010, 24(1): 6-11.
- 18. Chan EA, Chi SP, Ching S, et al. Interprofessional education: the interface of nursing and social work [J]. J Clin Nurs, 2010, 19(1-2): 168-176.
- 19. Eraut M. The many meanings of theory and practice[J]. Learn Health Social Care, 2003, 2(2): 61-65.
- 20. Hean S, Craddock D, O’Halloran, et al. Learning theories and interprofessional education: a user’s guide[J]. Learn Health Social Care, 2009, 8(4): 250-262.
- 21. Norris E, Alexander H, Livingston M, et al. Multidisciplinary perspectives on core networking skills. A study of skills and associated training needs, for professionals working in managed clinical networks[J]. J Interprof Care, 2005, 19(2): 156-163.
- 22. Burns RB. The Adult Learner at Work: a comprehensive guide to the context, psychology and methods of learning for the workplace[M]. New South Wales： Business and Professional Publishing, 1995: 22-25.
- 23. Phillip G Clarke. What would a theory of interprofessional education look like? Some suggestions for developing a theoretical framework for teamwork training [J]. J Interprof Care, 2006, 20(6): 577-589.
- 24. Kaufman DM. Applying educational theory in practice [J]. BMJ, 2003, 326(7382): 213-216.
- 25. Puliyel MM, Piliyel JM, Puliyel U. Drawing on adult learning theory to teach personal and professional values[J]. Med Teach, 1999, 21(5): 513-515.
- 26. Wood DF. ABC of learning and teaching in medicine. Problem based learning [J]. BMJ, 2003, 326(7384): 328-330.
- 27. Spencer JA, Jordan RK. Learner centred approaches in medical education[J]. BMJ, 1999, 318(7193): 1280-1283.
- 28. Engestrom Y. Expansive learning at work: toward an activity theoretical reconceptualisation[J]. J Educ Work, 2001, 14(1): 133-156.
- 29. Payler J, Meyer E, Humphris D. Theorizing interprofessional pedagogic evaluation: frame work for evaluating the impact of interprofessional continuing professional development on practice change[J]. Learning in Health and Social Care, 2007, 6(3): 156-169.
- 30. Robinson M, Cottrell D. Health professionals in multi-disciplinary and multi-agency teams: changing professional practice [J]. J Interprof Care, 2005, 19(6): 547-560.
- 31. Curran V. Interprofessional education for collaborative patient-centered practice research synthesis paper [R]. Canada: Health Canada, 2004.
- 32. Hoffman SJ, Harnish D. The merit of mandatory interprofessional education for pre-health professional students[J]. Med Teach, 2007, 29(8): 235-242.
- 33. Coster S, Norman I, Murrells T, et al. Interprofessional attitudes amongst undergraduate students in the health professions: a longitudinal questionnaire survey[J]. Int J Nurs Stud, 2008, 45(11): 1667-1681.
- 34. Horak BJ, O’Leary KC, Carlson L. Preparing health care professionals for quality improvement: the George Washington University/George Mason University experience[J]. Qual Manag Health Care, 1998, 6(2): 21-30.
- 35. Cooper H, Spencer-Dawe E, Mclean E. Beginning the process of teamwork: design, implementation and evaluation of an inter-professional education intervention for the first year undergraduate students[J]. J Interprof Care, 2005, 19(5): 492-508.
- 36. Petrie H G. Do you see what I see? The epistemology of interdisciplinary inquiry [J]. Educ Res, 1976, 5(2): 29-43.
- 37. Mariano C. The case for interdisciplinary collaboration[J]. Nurs Outlook, 1989, 37(6): 285-288.
- 38. Carpenter J. Interprofessional education for medical and nursing students: evaluation of a programme[J]. Med Educ, 1995, 29(4): 265-272.
- 39. Wahlström O, Sandén I, Hammar M. Multiprofessional education in the medical curriculum[J]. Med Educ, 1997, 31(6): 425-429.
- 40. M Luecht R, Madsen MK, Taugher MP, et al. Assessing professional perceptions: design and validation of an interdisciplinary education perception scale [J]. J Allied Health, 1990, 19(2): 181-191.
- 41. Parsell G, Bligh J. The development of a questionnaireto assess the readiness of health care students for interprofessional learning (RIPLS) [J]. Med Educ, 1999, 33(2): 95-100.
- 42. Reid R, Bruce D, Allstaff K, et al. Validating the readiness for interprofessional learning scale (RIPLS) in the postgraduate context: are health care professionals ready for IPL?[J]. Med Educ, 40(5): 415-422.
- 43. Morison SL, Stewart MC. Developing interprofessional assessment [J]. Learning in Health and Social Care, 2005, 4(4): 192-202.
- 44. Simmons B, Lee EE, Wagner J, et al. Assessment of interprofessional learning: the design of aninterprofessional objective structured clinical examination (iOSCE) approach [J]. J Interprof Care, 2011, 25(1): 73-74.
- 45. Sargeant J, Hill T, Breau L. Development and testing of a scale to assess interprofessional education (IPE) faciliation skill[J]. J Contin Educ Health Prof, 2010, 30(2): 126-131.
- 46. King G, Shaw L, Orchard CA, et al. The interprofessional socialization and valuing scale: a tool for evaluating the shift toward collaborative care approaches in health care settings [J]. Work, 2010, 35(1): 77-85.
- 47. Mitchell PH, Belza B, Schaad DC, et al. Working across the boundaries of health professions disciplines in education, research and service: the university of washington experience[J]. Aca Med: JAMA, 2006, 81(10): 891-896.
- 48. Wagner J, Liston B, Miller J. Developing interprofessional communication skills [J]. Teaching and Learning in Nursing, 2011, 6(3): 97-101.
- 49. Wagner J, Liston B, Miller J. Developing interprofessional communication skills [J]. Teaching and Learning in Nursing, 2011, 6(3): 97-101.
- 50. Larson, EL. New rules for the game: interdisciplinary education for health professionals[J]. Nurs Outlook, 1995, 43(4): 180-185.
- 51. Liston BW, Fischer MA, Way DP, et al. Interprofessional education in the internal medicine clerkship: results from a national survey[J]. Academic Medicine, 2011, 86(7): 872-876.
- 52. Gilbert JHV, Yan J. Unpublished letter to author and other health care colleagues [R]. Geneva: WHO study group, 2010.
- 53. Chitty KK, Black BP. Professional nursing: concepts and challenges [M]. Missouri: W.B. Saunders Company, 2007: 114-117.
- 54. Vandana S. Biopiracy: the plunder of nature and knowledge[M]. Boston: South end press, 1997: 13-15.
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