Status and related factors of influenza vaccination among healthcare workers in Sichuan_West China Medical Journal

Authors：

KANG Xia ¹ , ZHANG Hui ¹ , HUANG Wenzhi ² , YE Xiaoyan ¹ , LIN Ji ² , WANG Wenting ¹ ,  QIAO Fu ²

1. Department of Infection Control, West China Xiamen Hospital, Sichuan University, Xiamen, Fujian 361022, P. R. China;
2. Department of Infection Control, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P. R. China;

Corresponding?author：

QIAO Fu, Email: qiaofu2005@scu.edu.cn

Keywords：

Healthcare workers; influenza vaccine; vaccination

DOI：

10.7507/1002-0179.202302115

Video：

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Objective To investigate the situation and related factors of influenza vaccination among healthcare workers in Sichuan, and provide a basis for the formulation of the strategy of influenza vaccination. Methods From August 1st to August 6th, 2022, healthcare workers from 21 prefectures and cities in Sichuan province were selected by the hospital infection quality control centers to conduct an online questionnaire survey for status and related factors of influenza vaccination. Single factor analysis of vaccination rate was carried out by χ² test, and the related factors of influenza vaccination were analyzed by binary multiple logistic regression model. Results A total of 3264 copies of questionnaires were distributed, and 3244 valid copies were recovered, with an effective recovery rate of 99.4%. The vaccination rate of influenza vaccine in the surveyed healthcare workers was 56.9% (1846/3244). The gender, age, professional title, position, department, hospital type, hospital nature, hospital level, influenza awareness, and influenza vaccination willingness were the factors resulting in statistically significant differences in influenza vaccination rate among healthcare workers (P<0.05). Binary multiple logistic regression indicated that age≥35 years old [odds ratio (OR)=0.799, 95% confidence interval (CI) (0.681, 0.937), P=0.006], the educational background being bachelor degree or above [OR=1.221, 95%CI (1.036, 1.439), P=0.017], position [nurses vs. doctors: OR=1.339, 95%CI (1.112, 1.612), P=0.002; technicians vs. doctors: OR=1.849, 95%CI (1.278, 2.676), P=0.001], the hospital type being specialized hospital [OR=1.804, 95%CI (1.446, 2.251), P<0.001], hospital level [secondary vs. primary hospitals: OR=0.344, 95%CI (0.271, 0.437), P<0.001; tertiary vs. primary hospitals: OR=0.526, 95%CI (0.413, 0.671), P<0.001], influenza awareness [fair vs. poor: OR=1.262, 95%CI (1.057, 1.508), P=0.010; good vs. poor: OR=1.489, 95%CI (1.142, 1.940), P=0.003], vaccination willingness [OR=4.725, 95%CI (4.009, 5.569), P<0.001] were related factors of influenza vaccination in healthcare workers. The influenza awareness was good in 416 healthcare workers (12.8%), fair in 1989 (61.3%), and poor in 839 (25.9%). The correct rate of influenza vaccination frequency was the highest (82.7%), while the correct rate of influenza contraindication was the lowest (3.2%). Among the healthcare workers, 2206 (68.0%) were willing to be vaccinated, of whom 1548 (70.2%) believed that they could protect people with weak immune function around them after vaccination; 1038 were unwilling to be vaccinated with influenza vaccine in the near future, of whom 335 (32.3%) believed that they had strong immunity and did not need to be vaccinated. Conclusions The influenza vaccination rate of medical staff is related to a variety of factors. Strengthening the publicity and education, and encouraging hospitals to provide free influenza vaccination, especially the correct understanding of contraindications, may be helpful to improve the vaccination rate.

Citation： KANG Xia, ZHANG Hui, HUANG Wenzhi, YE Xiaoyan, LIN Ji, WANG Wenting, QIAO Fu. Status and related factors of influenza vaccination among healthcare workers in Sichuan. West China Medical Journal, 2023, 38(8): 1195-1202. doi: 10.7507/1002-0179.202302115 Copy

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6.	馬小敏, 王芳, 史東文, 等. 上海市金山區居民麻疹認知調查及疫苗接種意愿影響因素分析. 中國初級衛生保健, 2021, 35(3): 58-61.
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10.	Huang WJ, Cheng YH, Tan MJ, et al. Epidemiological and virological surveillance of influenza viruses in China during 2020-2021. Infect Dis Poverty, 2022, 11(1): 74.
11.	Massoudi N, Mohit B. A case-control study of the 2019 influenza vaccine and incidence of COVID-19 among healthcare workers. J Clin Immunol, 2021, 41(2): 324-334.
12.	李巧巧, 楊義, 馬厚芝, 等. 醫務人員流感疫苗免費接種措施實施效果評價及改進建議. 實用預防醫學, 2021, 28(9): 1111-1113.
13.	Yi H, Yang Y, Zhang L, et al. Improved influenza vaccination coverage among health-care workers: evidence from a web-based survey in China, 2019/2020 season. Hum Vaccin Immunother, 2021, 17(7): 2185-2189.
14.	R?bl-Mathieu M, Kunstein A, Liese J, et al. Vaccination in pregnancy. Dtsch Arztebl Int, 2021, 118(15): 262-268.
15.	Nwoji U. Seasonal influenza vaccine exposure in pregnancy: 5-year results from a pregnancy registry. Hum Vaccin Immunother, 2022, 18(1): 1932213.
16.	Nitsch-Osuch AS, Bomba-Opon D, Jasik M. Influenza vaccination in pregnancy - current data on safety and effectiveness. Ginekol Pol, 2020, 91(10): 629-633.
17.	馮錄召, 姜明月, 伊赫亞, 等. 《世界衛生組織流感疫苗立場文件(2022 年版)》解讀. 中華醫學雜志, 2022, 102(30): 2315-2318.
18.	Liu H, Tan Y, Zhang M, et al. An internet-based survey of influenza vaccination coverage in healthcare workers in China, 2018/2019 Season. Vaccines (Basel), 2019, 8(1): 6.
19.	范曉, 彭質斌, 宋英, 等. 2019—2020 年西寧市醫務人員流感疫苗接種現狀及影響因素分析. 預防醫學情報雜志, 2022, 38(6): 782-788.
20.	Shi X, Zhang Y, Zhou L, et al. Influenza vaccination coverage among health-care workers during the COVID-19 epidemic in 2020/2021 influenza season: evidence from a web-based survey in northwestern China. Hum Vaccin Immunother, 2022, 18(6): 2102354.
21.	Corace KM, Srigley JA, Hargadon DP, et al. Using behavior change frameworks to improve healthcare worker influenza vaccination rates: a systematic review. Vaccine, 2016, 34(28): 3235-3242.

1. Javanian M, Barary M, Ghebrehewet S, et al. A brief review of influenza virus infection. J Med Virol, 2021, 93(8): 4638-4646.
2. 國家免疫規劃技術工作組流感疫苗工作組. 中國流感疫苗預防接種技術指南(2022-2023). 中華流行病學雜志, 2022, 43(10): 1515-1544.
3. J?drzejek MJ, Mastalerz-Migas A. Seasonal influenza vaccination of healthcare workers: a narrative review. Int J Occup Med Environ Health, 2022, 35(2): 127-139.
4. Guillari A, Polito F, Pucciarelli G, et al. Influenza vaccination and healthcare workers: barriers and predisposing factors. Acta Biomed, 2021, 92(S2): e2021004.
5. 毛雯雯, 王中戰. 北京市豐臺區醫務人員麻疹知信行調查研究. 中國全科醫學, 2017, 20(8): 974-979.
6. 馬小敏, 王芳, 史東文, 等. 上海市金山區居民麻疹認知調查及疫苗接種意愿影響因素分析. 中國初級衛生保健, 2021, 35(3): 58-61.
7. van Smeden M, de Groot JA, Moons KG, et al. No rationale for 1 variable per 10 events criterion for binary logistic regression analysis. BMC Med Res Methodol, 2016, 16(1): 163.
8. van Smeden M, Moons KG, de Groot JA, et al. Sample size for binary logistic prediction models: beyond events per variable criteria. Stat Methods Med Res, 2019, 28(8): 2455-2474.
9. 劉增艷, 榮幸, 譚莉, 等. 流感大流行期居民流感疫苗接種及影響因素. 中國公共衛生, 2013, 29(7): 969-971.
10. Huang WJ, Cheng YH, Tan MJ, et al. Epidemiological and virological surveillance of influenza viruses in China during 2020-2021. Infect Dis Poverty, 2022, 11(1): 74.
11. Massoudi N, Mohit B. A case-control study of the 2019 influenza vaccine and incidence of COVID-19 among healthcare workers. J Clin Immunol, 2021, 41(2): 324-334.
12. 李巧巧, 楊義, 馬厚芝, 等. 醫務人員流感疫苗免費接種措施實施效果評價及改進建議. 實用預防醫學, 2021, 28(9): 1111-1113.
13. Yi H, Yang Y, Zhang L, et al. Improved influenza vaccination coverage among health-care workers: evidence from a web-based survey in China, 2019/2020 season. Hum Vaccin Immunother, 2021, 17(7): 2185-2189.
14. R?bl-Mathieu M, Kunstein A, Liese J, et al. Vaccination in pregnancy. Dtsch Arztebl Int, 2021, 118(15): 262-268.
15. Nwoji U. Seasonal influenza vaccine exposure in pregnancy: 5-year results from a pregnancy registry. Hum Vaccin Immunother, 2022, 18(1): 1932213.
16. Nitsch-Osuch AS, Bomba-Opon D, Jasik M. Influenza vaccination in pregnancy - current data on safety and effectiveness. Ginekol Pol, 2020, 91(10): 629-633.
17. 馮錄召, 姜明月, 伊赫亞, 等. 《世界衛生組織流感疫苗立場文件(2022 年版)》解讀. 中華醫學雜志, 2022, 102(30): 2315-2318.
18. Liu H, Tan Y, Zhang M, et al. An internet-based survey of influenza vaccination coverage in healthcare workers in China, 2018/2019 Season. Vaccines (Basel), 2019, 8(1): 6.
19. 范曉, 彭質斌, 宋英, 等. 2019—2020 年西寧市醫務人員流感疫苗接種現狀及影響因素分析. 預防醫學情報雜志, 2022, 38(6): 782-788.
20. Shi X, Zhang Y, Zhou L, et al. Influenza vaccination coverage among health-care workers during the COVID-19 epidemic in 2020/2021 influenza season: evidence from a web-based survey in northwestern China. Hum Vaccin Immunother, 2022, 18(6): 2102354.
21. Corace KM, Srigley JA, Hargadon DP, et al. Using behavior change frameworks to improve healthcare worker influenza vaccination rates: a systematic review. Vaccine, 2016, 34(28): 3235-3242.

West China Medical Journal

Status and related factors of influenza vaccination among healthcare workers in Sichuan

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