Correlation between grip strength and knee joint pain in middle-aged and elderly population: a longitudinal study based on the CHARLS database_West China Medical Journal

Authors：

XIA Xianting ¹ , LI Xiaochen ² , WU Kai ¹ , XU Feng ³ ,  WANG Qing ³

1. Department of Orthopedics, Kunshan Sixth People's Hospital, Kunshan, Jiangsu 215300, P. R. China;
2. Department of Orthopedics, Jiangsu Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210008, P. R. China;
3. Department of Orthopedics, Kunshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunshan, Jiangsu 215300, P. R. China;

Corresponding?author：

WANG Qing, Email: doctorwq1983@njmu.edu.cn

Keywords：

Middle-aged and elderly population; grip; knee joint pain

DOI：

10.7507/1002-0179.202409175

Video：

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Objective To explore the relationship between grip strength and knee joint pain in middle-aged and elderly population. Method The research data in middle-aged and elderlypopulation was obtained from the CHARLS database between 2011and 2020. The relationship between average grip strength and knee pain in 2011 were analyzed, and follow up was conducted on the occurrence of knee joint pain. According to whether the knee joint is painful, the population who participated in the “Knee Joint Pain Symptoms” survey in 2011 were divided into the knee joint pain free group and the knee joint pain group. According to the follow-up data, the population who participated in the “Knee Pain Symptoms” survey in 2011 and had no knee pain were divided into a group without knee pain and a group with knee pain. Use logistic regression to analyze the correlation between average grip strength and knee pain. Apply a restrictive cubic spline model to analyze the dose-response relationship between average grip strength and knee joint pain occurrence. Results A total of 12 307 cases were included in 2011. The results of multiple logistic regression analysis showed that average grip strength was associated with knee joint pain. The incidence of knee joint pain increases with a decrease in average grip strength. During the 9-year follow-up period, a total of 9 667 cases were included. The results of multiple logistic regression analysis showed that average grip strength was correlated with the occurrence of knee joint pain. Compared to the group with the highest average grip strength, the low grip strength group had an increased risk of developing knee joint pain. The results of the restricted cubic spline analysis showed that the continuous changes in average grip strength were strongly correlated with knee joint pain in a linear dose-response relationship. As the average grip strength level increases, the incidence of knee joint pain decreases. Conclusion There is a correlation between average grip strength and knee joint pain. The risk of knee joint pain is higher with low average grip strength.

1.	Peterson JA, Meng L, Rani A, et al. Epigenetic aging, knee pain and physical performance in community-dwelling middle-to-older age adults. Exp Gerontol, 2022, 166: 111861.
2.	Sato S, Nemoto Y, Takeda N, et al. Factors relevant to knee pain among independent community-dwelling older adults: a complete cross-sectional study. Open J Prev Med, 2020, 10(11): 277-287.
3.	Berteau JP. Knee pain from osteoarthritis: pathogenesis, risk factors, and recent evidence on physical therapy interventions. J Clin Med, 2022, 11(12): 3252.
4.	馬鑫, 章亞平, 謝波, 等. 握力測量的臨床應用與預后價值的研究進展. 護理與康復, 2021, 20(3): 26-29.
5.	Tan E, Tuffet S, Rousseau A, et al. What does grip strength reflect in hand osteoarthritis? results from the digicod cohort. Osteoarthritis Cartilage, 2022, 30(Suppl 1): S209-S210.
6.	Di Monaco M, Castiglioni C, Bardesono F, et al. The handgrip strength threshold of 16 kg discriminates successful rehabilitation: a prospective short-term study of 258 women with hip fracture. Arch Gerontol Geriatr, 2020, 91: 104190.
7.	孫雯, 王培歌, 吳柱峰, 等. 社區老年人身體成分與骨折跌倒風險的相關性研究. 中國骨質疏松雜志, 2023, 29(3): 378-384.
8.	Cruz-Jentoft AJ, Bahat G, Bauer J, et al. Sarcopenia: revised European consensus on definition and diagnosis. Age Ageing, 2019, 48(1): 16-31.
9.	Jiang R, Westwater ML, Noble S, et al. Associations between grip strength, brain structure, and mental health in >40, 000 participants from the UK Biobank. BMC Med, 2022, 20(1): 286.
10.	Adamo DE, Anderson T, Koochaki M, et al. Declines in grip strength may indicate early changes in cognition in healthy middle-aged adults. PLoS One, 2020, 15(4): e232021.
11.	Cui M, Zhang S, Liu Y, et al. Grip strength and the risk of cognitive decline and dementia: a systematic review and meta-analysis of longitudinal cohort studies. Front Aging Neurosci, 2021, 13: 625551.
12.	Vaishya R, Misra A, Vaish A, et al. Hand grip strength as a proposed new vital sign of health: a narrative review of evidences. J Health Popul Nutr, 2024, 43(1): 7.
13.	Mendes NP, Barros TA, Faria BS, et al. Hand grip strength as predictor of undernutrition in hospitalized patients with cancer and a proposal of cut-off. Clin Nutr ESPEN, 2020, 39: 210-214.
14.	Matsushita T, Nishioka S, Yamanouchi A, et al. Predictive ability of hand-grip strength and muscle mass on functional prognosis in patients rehabilitating from stroke. Nutrition, 2022, 102: 111724.
15.	Hamasaki H. What can hand grip strength tell us about type 2 diabetes?: mortality, morbidities and risk of diabetes. Expert Rev Endocrinol Metab, 2021, 16(5): 237-250.
16.	Xie H, Ruan G, Wei L, et al. Hand grip strength‐based cachexia index as a predictor of cancer cachexia and prognosis in patients with cancer. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle, 2023, 14(1): 382-390.
17.	Haugen IK, Aaserud J, Kvien TK. Get a grip on factors related to grip strength in persons with hand osteoarthritis: results from an observational cohort study. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken), 2021, 73(6): 794-800.
18.	Cigarán-Méndez M, úbeda-D'Ocasar E, Arias-Buría JL, et al. The hand grip force test as a measure of physical function in women with fibromyalgia. Sci Rep, 2022, 12(1): 3414.
19.	朱洪柳, 王維. 中國中老年人腰痛相關因素分析及列線圖預測模型的構建. 中國組織工程研究, 2023, 27(31): 4937-4942.
20.	Shen F, Kim HJ, Lee NK, et al. The influence of hand grip strength on surgical outcomes after surgery for degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis: a preliminary result. Spine J, 2018, 18(11): 2018-2024.
21.	Duong V, Oo WM, Ding C, et al. Evaluation and treatment of knee pain: a review. JAMA, 2023, 330(16): 1568-1580.
22.	Felson D, Rabasa G, Jafarzadeh SR, et al. Factors associated with pain resolution in those with knee pain: the MOST study. Osteoarthritis Cartilage, 2021, 29(12): 1666-1672.
23.	Ericsson YB, McGuigan FE, Akesson KE. Knee pain in young adult women-associations with muscle strength, body composition and physical activity. BMC Musculoskelet Disord, 2021, 22(1): 715.
24.	?iestad BE, Juhl CB, Culvenor AG, et al. Knee extensor muscle weakness is a risk factor for the development of knee osteoarthritis: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis including 46 819 men and women. Br J Sports Med, 2022, 56(6): 349-355.
25.	Strandkvist V, Larsson A, Pauelsen M, et al. Hand grip strength is strongly associated with lower limb strength but only weakly with postural control in community-dwelling older adults. Arch Gerontol Geriatr, 2021, 94: 104345.
26.	Bohannon RW, Magasi SR, Bubela DJ, et al. Grip and knee extension muscle strength reflect a common construct among adults. Muscle Nerve, 2012, 46(4): 555-558.

1. Peterson JA, Meng L, Rani A, et al. Epigenetic aging, knee pain and physical performance in community-dwelling middle-to-older age adults. Exp Gerontol, 2022, 166: 111861.
2. Sato S, Nemoto Y, Takeda N, et al. Factors relevant to knee pain among independent community-dwelling older adults: a complete cross-sectional study. Open J Prev Med, 2020, 10(11): 277-287.
3. Berteau JP. Knee pain from osteoarthritis: pathogenesis, risk factors, and recent evidence on physical therapy interventions. J Clin Med, 2022, 11(12): 3252.
4. 馬鑫, 章亞平, 謝波, 等. 握力測量的臨床應用與預后價值的研究進展. 護理與康復, 2021, 20(3): 26-29.
5. Tan E, Tuffet S, Rousseau A, et al. What does grip strength reflect in hand osteoarthritis? results from the digicod cohort. Osteoarthritis Cartilage, 2022, 30(Suppl 1): S209-S210.
6. Di Monaco M, Castiglioni C, Bardesono F, et al. The handgrip strength threshold of 16 kg discriminates successful rehabilitation: a prospective short-term study of 258 women with hip fracture. Arch Gerontol Geriatr, 2020, 91: 104190.
7. 孫雯, 王培歌, 吳柱峰, 等. 社區老年人身體成分與骨折跌倒風險的相關性研究. 中國骨質疏松雜志, 2023, 29(3): 378-384.
8. Cruz-Jentoft AJ, Bahat G, Bauer J, et al. Sarcopenia: revised European consensus on definition and diagnosis. Age Ageing, 2019, 48(1): 16-31.
9. Jiang R, Westwater ML, Noble S, et al. Associations between grip strength, brain structure, and mental health in >40, 000 participants from the UK Biobank. BMC Med, 2022, 20(1): 286.
10. Adamo DE, Anderson T, Koochaki M, et al. Declines in grip strength may indicate early changes in cognition in healthy middle-aged adults. PLoS One, 2020, 15(4): e232021.
11. Cui M, Zhang S, Liu Y, et al. Grip strength and the risk of cognitive decline and dementia: a systematic review and meta-analysis of longitudinal cohort studies. Front Aging Neurosci, 2021, 13: 625551.
12. Vaishya R, Misra A, Vaish A, et al. Hand grip strength as a proposed new vital sign of health: a narrative review of evidences. J Health Popul Nutr, 2024, 43(1): 7.
13. Mendes NP, Barros TA, Faria BS, et al. Hand grip strength as predictor of undernutrition in hospitalized patients with cancer and a proposal of cut-off. Clin Nutr ESPEN, 2020, 39: 210-214.
14. Matsushita T, Nishioka S, Yamanouchi A, et al. Predictive ability of hand-grip strength and muscle mass on functional prognosis in patients rehabilitating from stroke. Nutrition, 2022, 102: 111724.
15. Hamasaki H. What can hand grip strength tell us about type 2 diabetes?: mortality, morbidities and risk of diabetes. Expert Rev Endocrinol Metab, 2021, 16(5): 237-250.
16. Xie H, Ruan G, Wei L, et al. Hand grip strength‐based cachexia index as a predictor of cancer cachexia and prognosis in patients with cancer. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle, 2023, 14(1): 382-390.
17. Haugen IK, Aaserud J, Kvien TK. Get a grip on factors related to grip strength in persons with hand osteoarthritis: results from an observational cohort study. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken), 2021, 73(6): 794-800.
18. Cigarán-Méndez M, úbeda-D'Ocasar E, Arias-Buría JL, et al. The hand grip force test as a measure of physical function in women with fibromyalgia. Sci Rep, 2022, 12(1): 3414.
19. 朱洪柳, 王維. 中國中老年人腰痛相關因素分析及列線圖預測模型的構建. 中國組織工程研究, 2023, 27(31): 4937-4942.
20. Shen F, Kim HJ, Lee NK, et al. The influence of hand grip strength on surgical outcomes after surgery for degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis: a preliminary result. Spine J, 2018, 18(11): 2018-2024.
21. Duong V, Oo WM, Ding C, et al. Evaluation and treatment of knee pain: a review. JAMA, 2023, 330(16): 1568-1580.
22. Felson D, Rabasa G, Jafarzadeh SR, et al. Factors associated with pain resolution in those with knee pain: the MOST study. Osteoarthritis Cartilage, 2021, 29(12): 1666-1672.
23. Ericsson YB, McGuigan FE, Akesson KE. Knee pain in young adult women-associations with muscle strength, body composition and physical activity. BMC Musculoskelet Disord, 2021, 22(1): 715.
24. ?iestad BE, Juhl CB, Culvenor AG, et al. Knee extensor muscle weakness is a risk factor for the development of knee osteoarthritis: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis including 46 819 men and women. Br J Sports Med, 2022, 56(6): 349-355.
25. Strandkvist V, Larsson A, Pauelsen M, et al. Hand grip strength is strongly associated with lower limb strength but only weakly with postural control in community-dwelling older adults. Arch Gerontol Geriatr, 2021, 94: 104345.
26. Bohannon RW, Magasi SR, Bubela DJ, et al. Grip and knee extension muscle strength reflect a common construct among adults. Muscle Nerve, 2012, 46(4): 555-558.

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