Research progress of ChatGPT in application of medical health consultation services_West China Medical Journal

Authors：

WANG Xin ^1,2 , ZHU Aiyong ^1,2 ,  JIANG Ying ^1,2

1. Graduate School, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, P. R. China;
2. School of Nursing and Health Management, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai 201318, P. R. China;

Corresponding?author：

JIANG Ying, Email: jiangy@sumhs.edu.cn

Keywords：

ChatGPT; medical health consultation services; large language models

DOI：

10.7507/1002-0179.202502152

Video：

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Abstract Full text Figures/Tables Video References Cited by

As technology continues to advance and artificial intelligence technology is widely applied, ChatGPT (Chat Generative Pre-trained Transformer) is beginning to make its mark in the field of healthcare consultation services. This article summarizes the current applications of ChatGPT in healthcare consultation services, reviewing its roles in four areas: dissemination of disease knowledge, assisting in the understanding of medical information, personalized health education and guidance, and preliminary diagnostic assistance and medical guidance. It also explores the development prospects of ChatGPT in healthcare consultation services, as well as the challenges and ethical dilemmas it faces in this field.

Citation： WANG Xin, ZHU Aiyong, JIANG Ying. Research progress of ChatGPT in application of medical health consultation services. West China Medical Journal, 2025, 40(7): 1182-1187. doi: 10.7507/1002-0179.202502152 Copy

1.	朱文珍, 呂文志, 陳敏. 推進人工智能大模型在醫療領域中的應用. 放射學實踐, 2025, 40(1): 5-8.
2.	Hristidis V, Ruggiano N, Brown EL, et al. ChatGPT vs Google for queries related to dementia and other cognitive decline: comparison of results. J Med Internet Res, 2023, 25: e48966.
3.	Mishra V, Sarraju A, Kalwani NM, et al. Evaluation of prompts to simplify cardiovascular disease information generated using a large language model: cross-sectional study. J Med Internet Res, 2024, 26: e55388.
4.	Henson JB, Glissen Brown JR, Lee JP, et al. Evaluation of the potential utility of an artificial intelligence chatbot in gastroesophageal reflux disease management. Am J Gastroenterol, 2023, 118(12): 2276-2279.
5.	Zhong W, Luo J, Zhang H. The therapeutic effectiveness of artificial intelligence-based chatbots in alleviation of depressive and anxiety symptoms in short-course treatments: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Affect Disord, 2024, 356: 459-469.
6.	楊肅昌, 楊移. 新時代相對貧困與資源分配不平等相關性研究. 上海經濟研究, 2022(3): 31-47.
7.	曹琦, 楊暢, 雷震. 雙元式領導緩解公立醫院醫護人員工作疲勞的作用研究. 中國衛生政策研究, 2023, 16(4): 59-66.
8.	沈艷麗, 范抒磊, 葉卓俊, 等. 上海市居民健康信息獲取意愿的影響因素研究. 中國健康教育, 2023, 39(7): 663-666.
9.	AlGhamdi KM, Moussa NA. Internet use by the public to search for health-related information. Int J Med Inform, 2012, 81(6): 363-373.
10.	Bhattacharya K, Bhattacharya AS, Bhattacharya N, et al. ChatGPT in surgical practice—a new kid on the block. Indian J Surg, 2023, 85(6): 1346-1349.
11.	Wu T, He S, Liu J, et al. A brief overview of ChatGPT: the history, status quo and potential future development. IEEE/CAA J Automat Sinica, 2023, 10(5): 1122-1136.
12.	Xu P, Zhu X, Clifton DA. Multimodal learning with transformers: a survey. IEEE Trans Pattern Anal Mach Intell, 2023, 45(10): 12113-12132.
13.	Han X, Zhang Z, Ding N, et al. Pre-trained models: past, present and future. AI Open, 2021, 2: 225-250.
14.	Brown T, Mann B, Ryder N, et al. Language models are few-shot learners. Adv Neural Inf Process Syst, 2020, 33: 1877-1901.
15.	Elnaggar A, Heinzinger M, Dallago C, et al. ProtTrans: toward understanding the language of life through self-supervised learning. IEEE Trans Pattern Anal Mach Intell, 2022, 44(10): 7112-7127.
16.	朱小超, 柳華妮. ChatGPT 在外語過程體裁寫作教學中的應用路徑研究. 外語電化教學, 2024(6): 30-36, 109.
17.	王潔. ChatGPT 對知識服務的五大變革. 圖書館, 2023(9): 10-16.
18.	姚榮. ChatGPT 智能對話工具對圖書館智能咨詢服務的影響研究. 河南圖書館學刊, 2024, 44(10): 133-136, 140.
19.	Lv X, Zhang X, Li Y, et al. Leveraging large language models for improved patient access and self-management: assessor-blinded comparison between expert-and AI-generated content. J Med Internet Res, 2024, 26: e55847.
20.	Lim ZW, Pushpanathan K, Yew SME, et al. Benchmarking large language models’ performances for myopia care: a comparative analysis of ChatGPT-3.5, ChatGPT-4.0, and Google Bard. EBioMedicine, 2023, 95: 104770.
21.	Madaudo C, Parlati ALM, Di Lisi D, et al. Artificial intelligence in cardiology: a peek at the future and the role of ChatGPT in cardiology practice. J Cardiovasc Med (Hagerstown), 2024, 25(11): 766-771.
22.	Fija?ko N, Prosen G, Abella BS, et al. Can novel multimodal chatbots such as Bing Chat Enterprise, ChatGPT-4 Pro, and Google Bard correctly interpret electrocardiogram images?. Resuscitation, 2023, 193: 110009.
23.	Ali R, Connolly ID, Tang OY, et al. Author Correction: Bridging the literacy gap for surgical consents: an AI-human expert collaborative approach. NPJ Digit Med, 2024, 7(1): 93.
24.	Steimetz E, Minkowitz J, Gabutan EC, et al. Use of artificial intelligence chatbots in interpretation of pathology reports. JAMA Netw Open, 2024, 7(5): e2412767.
25.	Sng GGR, Tung JYM, Lim DYZ, et al. Potential and pitfalls of ChatGPT and natural-language artificial intelligence models for diabetes education. Diabetes Care, 2023, 46(5): e103-e105.
26.	黃瑋, 王存澤, 方美琳, 等. ChatGPT 應用于糖尿病患者教育和溝通的適當性與準確性. 中國醫藥指南, 2024, 22(22): 22-25.
27.	夏浩然, 陳小艷, 趙慧明, 等. 搭載 ChatGPT 的人工機械瓣膜置換術后患者自我監測隨訪大數據平臺的建設與實踐. 中國實用護理雜志, 2023, 39(29): 2276-2284.
28.	Pushpanathan K, Lim ZW, Er Yew SM, et al. Popular large language model chatbots’ accuracy, comprehensiveness, and self-awareness in answering ocular symptom queries. iScience, 2023, 26(11): 108163.
29.	Levkovich I, Elyoseph Z. Suicide risk assessments through the eyes of ChatGPT-3.5 versus ChatGPT-4: vignette study. JMIR Ment Health, 2023, 10: e51232.
30.	Kuroiwa T, Sarcon A, Ibara T, et al. The potential of ChatGPT as a self-diagnostic tool in common orthopedic diseases: exploratory study. J Med Internet Res, 2023, 25: e47621.
31.	Shahsavar Y, Choudhury A. User intentions to use ChatGPT for self-diagnosis and health-related purposes: cross-sectional survey study. JMIR Hum Factors, 2023, 10: e47564.
32.	Choudhury A, Shamszare H. Investigating the impact of user trust on the adoption and use of ChatGPT: survey analysis. J Med Internet Res, 2023, 25: e47184.
33.	Aubignat M, Diab E. Artificial intelligence and ChatGPT between worst enemy and best friend: the two faces of a revolution and its impact on science and medical schools. Rev Neurol (Paris), 2023, 179(6): 520-522.
34.	Epstein RM, Hundert EM. Defining and assessing professional competence. JAMA, 2002, 287(2): 226-235.
35.	Singh OP. Artificial intelligence in the era of ChatGPT - Opportunities and challenges in mental health care. Indian J Psychiatry, 2023, 65(3): 297-298.
36.	Vora NN, Doshi PK. Use of ChatGPT in creating awareness about ischemic stroke. Indian J Community Med, 2023, 48(4): 633-635.
37.	鄒文卿, 沈昊創. ChatGPT 在醫療領域中的應用、倫理風險與治理研究. 醫學與哲學, 2023, 44(21): 7-11.
38.	趙冰心. 數字政府建設 ChatGPT 模型的制度功能與規制路徑. 湖南社會科學, 2024(3): 79-88.
39.	蒲喆, 賀曉松, 趙江. ChatGPT 在臨床醫學中的應用進展及探討. 中國數字醫學, 2025, 20(5): 37-45.
40.	龔凡, 劉波, 沙航宇, 等. 基于大語言模型檢索增強的中醫“藥食同源”飲食建議生成方法. 上海中醫藥雜志, 2025, 59(6): 1-8.
41.	Tang X, Yang X, Yuan J, et al. Call for decision support for electrocardiographic alarm administration among neonatal intensive care unit staff: multicenter, cross-sectional survey. J Med Internet Res, 2024, 26: e60944.

1. 朱文珍, 呂文志, 陳敏. 推進人工智能大模型在醫療領域中的應用. 放射學實踐, 2025, 40(1): 5-8.
2. Hristidis V, Ruggiano N, Brown EL, et al. ChatGPT vs Google for queries related to dementia and other cognitive decline: comparison of results. J Med Internet Res, 2023, 25: e48966.
3. Mishra V, Sarraju A, Kalwani NM, et al. Evaluation of prompts to simplify cardiovascular disease information generated using a large language model: cross-sectional study. J Med Internet Res, 2024, 26: e55388.
4. Henson JB, Glissen Brown JR, Lee JP, et al. Evaluation of the potential utility of an artificial intelligence chatbot in gastroesophageal reflux disease management. Am J Gastroenterol, 2023, 118(12): 2276-2279.
5. Zhong W, Luo J, Zhang H. The therapeutic effectiveness of artificial intelligence-based chatbots in alleviation of depressive and anxiety symptoms in short-course treatments: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Affect Disord, 2024, 356: 459-469.
6. 楊肅昌, 楊移. 新時代相對貧困與資源分配不平等相關性研究. 上海經濟研究, 2022(3): 31-47.
7. 曹琦, 楊暢, 雷震. 雙元式領導緩解公立醫院醫護人員工作疲勞的作用研究. 中國衛生政策研究, 2023, 16(4): 59-66.
8. 沈艷麗, 范抒磊, 葉卓俊, 等. 上海市居民健康信息獲取意愿的影響因素研究. 中國健康教育, 2023, 39(7): 663-666.
9. AlGhamdi KM, Moussa NA. Internet use by the public to search for health-related information. Int J Med Inform, 2012, 81(6): 363-373.
10. Bhattacharya K, Bhattacharya AS, Bhattacharya N, et al. ChatGPT in surgical practice—a new kid on the block. Indian J Surg, 2023, 85(6): 1346-1349.
11. Wu T, He S, Liu J, et al. A brief overview of ChatGPT: the history, status quo and potential future development. IEEE/CAA J Automat Sinica, 2023, 10(5): 1122-1136.
12. Xu P, Zhu X, Clifton DA. Multimodal learning with transformers: a survey. IEEE Trans Pattern Anal Mach Intell, 2023, 45(10): 12113-12132.
13. Han X, Zhang Z, Ding N, et al. Pre-trained models: past, present and future. AI Open, 2021, 2: 225-250.
14. Brown T, Mann B, Ryder N, et al. Language models are few-shot learners. Adv Neural Inf Process Syst, 2020, 33: 1877-1901.
15. Elnaggar A, Heinzinger M, Dallago C, et al. ProtTrans: toward understanding the language of life through self-supervised learning. IEEE Trans Pattern Anal Mach Intell, 2022, 44(10): 7112-7127.
16. 朱小超, 柳華妮. ChatGPT 在外語過程體裁寫作教學中的應用路徑研究. 外語電化教學, 2024(6): 30-36, 109.
17. 王潔. ChatGPT 對知識服務的五大變革. 圖書館, 2023(9): 10-16.
18. 姚榮. ChatGPT 智能對話工具對圖書館智能咨詢服務的影響研究. 河南圖書館學刊, 2024, 44(10): 133-136, 140.
19. Lv X, Zhang X, Li Y, et al. Leveraging large language models for improved patient access and self-management: assessor-blinded comparison between expert-and AI-generated content. J Med Internet Res, 2024, 26: e55847.
20. Lim ZW, Pushpanathan K, Yew SME, et al. Benchmarking large language models’ performances for myopia care: a comparative analysis of ChatGPT-3.5, ChatGPT-4.0, and Google Bard. EBioMedicine, 2023, 95: 104770.
21. Madaudo C, Parlati ALM, Di Lisi D, et al. Artificial intelligence in cardiology: a peek at the future and the role of ChatGPT in cardiology practice. J Cardiovasc Med (Hagerstown), 2024, 25(11): 766-771.
22. Fija?ko N, Prosen G, Abella BS, et al. Can novel multimodal chatbots such as Bing Chat Enterprise, ChatGPT-4 Pro, and Google Bard correctly interpret electrocardiogram images?. Resuscitation, 2023, 193: 110009.
23. Ali R, Connolly ID, Tang OY, et al. Author Correction: Bridging the literacy gap for surgical consents: an AI-human expert collaborative approach. NPJ Digit Med, 2024, 7(1): 93.
24. Steimetz E, Minkowitz J, Gabutan EC, et al. Use of artificial intelligence chatbots in interpretation of pathology reports. JAMA Netw Open, 2024, 7(5): e2412767.
25. Sng GGR, Tung JYM, Lim DYZ, et al. Potential and pitfalls of ChatGPT and natural-language artificial intelligence models for diabetes education. Diabetes Care, 2023, 46(5): e103-e105.
26. 黃瑋, 王存澤, 方美琳, 等. ChatGPT 應用于糖尿病患者教育和溝通的適當性與準確性. 中國醫藥指南, 2024, 22(22): 22-25.
27. 夏浩然, 陳小艷, 趙慧明, 等. 搭載 ChatGPT 的人工機械瓣膜置換術后患者自我監測隨訪大數據平臺的建設與實踐. 中國實用護理雜志, 2023, 39(29): 2276-2284.
28. Pushpanathan K, Lim ZW, Er Yew SM, et al. Popular large language model chatbots’ accuracy, comprehensiveness, and self-awareness in answering ocular symptom queries. iScience, 2023, 26(11): 108163.
29. Levkovich I, Elyoseph Z. Suicide risk assessments through the eyes of ChatGPT-3.5 versus ChatGPT-4: vignette study. JMIR Ment Health, 2023, 10: e51232.
30. Kuroiwa T, Sarcon A, Ibara T, et al. The potential of ChatGPT as a self-diagnostic tool in common orthopedic diseases: exploratory study. J Med Internet Res, 2023, 25: e47621.
31. Shahsavar Y, Choudhury A. User intentions to use ChatGPT for self-diagnosis and health-related purposes: cross-sectional survey study. JMIR Hum Factors, 2023, 10: e47564.
32. Choudhury A, Shamszare H. Investigating the impact of user trust on the adoption and use of ChatGPT: survey analysis. J Med Internet Res, 2023, 25: e47184.
33. Aubignat M, Diab E. Artificial intelligence and ChatGPT between worst enemy and best friend: the two faces of a revolution and its impact on science and medical schools. Rev Neurol (Paris), 2023, 179(6): 520-522.
34. Epstein RM, Hundert EM. Defining and assessing professional competence. JAMA, 2002, 287(2): 226-235.
35. Singh OP. Artificial intelligence in the era of ChatGPT - Opportunities and challenges in mental health care. Indian J Psychiatry, 2023, 65(3): 297-298.
36. Vora NN, Doshi PK. Use of ChatGPT in creating awareness about ischemic stroke. Indian J Community Med, 2023, 48(4): 633-635.
37. 鄒文卿, 沈昊創. ChatGPT 在醫療領域中的應用、倫理風險與治理研究. 醫學與哲學, 2023, 44(21): 7-11.
38. 趙冰心. 數字政府建設 ChatGPT 模型的制度功能與規制路徑. 湖南社會科學, 2024(3): 79-88.
39. 蒲喆, 賀曉松, 趙江. ChatGPT 在臨床醫學中的應用進展及探討. 中國數字醫學, 2025, 20(5): 37-45.
40. 龔凡, 劉波, 沙航宇, 等. 基于大語言模型檢索增強的中醫“藥食同源”飲食建議生成方法. 上海中醫藥雜志, 2025, 59(6): 1-8.
41. Tang X, Yang X, Yuan J, et al. Call for decision support for electrocardiographic alarm administration among neonatal intensive care unit staff: multicenter, cross-sectional survey. J Med Internet Res, 2024, 26: e60944.

West China Medical Journal

Research progress of ChatGPT in application of medical health consultation services

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