Establishment of micro-vessels model of cross-boundary perforator flap in rat via digital technology_Chinese Journal of Reparative and Reconstructive Surgery

Authors：

YANG Xi ¹ ,  XU Yongqing ¹ , HE Xiaoqing ¹ , WANG Teng ¹ , WANG Yunjiao ²

1. Department of Orthopedics, Kunming General Hospital of Chinese PLA, Kunming Yunnan, 650000, P.R.China;
2. Department of Surgery, Troops 77251 Hospital of Chinese PLA, Kaiyuan Yunnan, 661699, P.R.China;

Corresponding?author：

XU Yongqing, Email: xuyongqingkm@163.net

Keywords：

Cross-boundary perforator flap; micro-CT; three-dimensional reconstruction; digital technology; Rat

DOI：

10.7507/1002-1892.201705006

Video：

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Objective To investigate the feasibility and application value of digital technology in establishing the micro-vessels model of cross-boundary perforator flap in rat. Methods Twenty 8-week-old female Sprague Dawley rats, weighing 280-300 g, were used to established micro-vessels model. The cross-boundary perforator flaps of 10 cm×3 cm in size were prepared at the dorsum of 20 rats; then the flaps were suturedin situ. Ten rats were randomly picked up at 3 and 7 days after operation in order to observe the necrosis of flap and measure the percentage of flap necrosis area; the lead-oxide gelatin solution was used for vessels perfusion; flaps were harvested and three-dimensional reconstruction of micro-vessel was performed after micro-CT scanning. Vascular volume and total length were measured via Matlable 7.0 software. Results The percentage of flap necrosis area at 3 days after operation was 19.08%±3.64%, which was significantly lower than that at 7 days (39.76%±3.76%;t=10.361, P=0.029). Three-dimensional reconstruction via the micro-CT clearly showed the morphological alteration of micro-vessel of the flap. At 3 days after operation, the vascular volume of the flap was (1 240.23±89.71) mm³ and the total length was (245.94±29.38) mm. At 7 days after operation, the vascular volume of the flap was (1 036.96±88.97) mm³ and the total length was (143.20±30.28) mm. There were significant differences in the vascular volume and the total length between different time points (t=5.088, P=0.000; t=7.701, P=0.000). Conclusion The digital technology can be applied to visually observe and objectively evaluate the morphological alteration of the micro-vessels of the flap, and provide technical support for the study of vascular model of flap.

Citation： YANG Xi, XU Yongqing, HE Xiaoqing, WANG Teng, WANG Yunjiao. Establishment of micro-vessels model of cross-boundary perforator flap in rat via digital technology. Chinese Journal of Reparative and Reconstructive Surgery, 2017, 31(12): 1485-1489. doi: 10.7507/1002-1892.201705006 Copy

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2.	Morris SF, Tang M, Almutari K, et al. The anatomic basis of perforator flaps. Clin Plast Surg, 2010, 37(4): 553-570.
3.	孫文聰, 劉繼全, 翟保平. 大鼠穿支皮瓣模型及皮瓣存活影響因素研究進展. 中華實用診斷與治療雜志, 2015, 29(4): 330-332.
4.	陶友倫, 莊躍宏, 張世民, 等. 穿支皮瓣血流動力學模型的建立及研究進展. 中華醫學雜志, 2015, 95(11): 870-872.
5.	陶友倫, 陳紹鶴, 徐世敏, 等. 大鼠皮動脈外徑與其營養范圍的定量測量和回歸分析. 中國臨床解剖學雜志, 2009, 27(5): 558-562.
6.	莊躍宏, 胡斯旺, 吳東方, 等. 一種研究 choke 血管新的動物模型—大鼠背部皮窗. 中國臨床解剖學雜志, 2011, 29 (6): 609-613.
7.	Schambach SJ, Bag S, Groden C, et al. Vascular imaging in small rodents using micro-CT. Methods, 2010, 50(1): 26-35.
8.	Hu JZ, Wu TD, Zhang T, et al. Three-dimensional alteration of microvasculature in a rat model of traumatic spinal cord injury. J Neurosci Methods, 2012, 204(1): 150-158.
9.	Thomas BP, Geddes CR, Tang M, et al. The vascular basis of the thoracodorsal artery perforator flap. Plast Reconstr Surg, 2005, 116(3): 818-822.
10.	胡斯旺, 毛海蛟, 莊躍宏, 等. 再探大鼠背部穿支體區間 choke 血管變化規律. 中國臨床解剖學雜志, 2014, 32(6): 690-693.
11.	戴開宇, 胡斯旺, 莊躍宏, 等. 大鼠背部跨區皮瓣的 Choke 靜脈的變化規律. 解剖學報, 2013, 44(2): 238-244.
12.	何智靈, 高偉陽, 李俊杰, 等. 大鼠背部單一穿支蒂皮瓣的實驗研究. 中華整形外科雜志, 2014, 30(1): 40-44.
13.	楊曦, 徐永清, 何曉清. 顯微 CT 對小動物血管三維成像的研究進展. 中國骨與關節損傷雜志, 2016, 31(3): 334-336.
14.	Ritman EL. Micro-computed tomography-current status and developments. Annu Rev Biomed Eng, 2004, 6: 185-208.
15.	Vasquez SX, Gao F, Su F, et al. Optimization of microCT imaging and blood vessel diameter quantitation of preclinical specimen vasculature with radiopaque polymer injection medium. PLoS One, 2011, 6(4): e19099.
16.	van Alphen NA, Morsy M, Laungani AT, et al. A three-dimensional micro-computed tomographic study of the intraosseous lunate vasculature: Implications for surgical intervention and the development of avascular necrosis. Plast Reconstr Surg, 2016, 138(5): 869e-878e.
17.	毛以華, 朱昭煒, 丁茂超, 等. 應用高分辨率顯微 CT 進行大鼠周圍神經微血管三維可視化研究. 解剖學報, 2013, 44(3): 353-356.
18.	樓新法, 梅勁, Christopher R. Geddes, 等. 明膠-氧化鉛血管造影術的優化. 中國臨床解剖學雜志, 2006, 24(2): 259-262.
19.	薛蘭, 吳志海, 湯瑩瑩, 等. 激光多普勒對大鼠背部 3 種皮瓣模型的血流動力學特點研究. 中國臨床解剖學雜志, 2016, 34(1): 6-11.
20.	陳紹鶴, 唐茂林, 陶友倫, 等. 大鼠主要皮動脈的形態計量學及其相互關系. 解剖學報, 2010, 41(4): 626-630.

1. Taylor GI, Corlett RJ, Dhar SC, et al. The anatomical (angiosome) and clinical territories of cutaneous perforating arteries: development of the concept and designing safe flaps. Plast Reconstr Surg, 2011, 127(4): 1447-1459.
2. Morris SF, Tang M, Almutari K, et al. The anatomic basis of perforator flaps. Clin Plast Surg, 2010, 37(4): 553-570.
3. 孫文聰, 劉繼全, 翟保平. 大鼠穿支皮瓣模型及皮瓣存活影響因素研究進展. 中華實用診斷與治療雜志, 2015, 29(4): 330-332.
4. 陶友倫, 莊躍宏, 張世民, 等. 穿支皮瓣血流動力學模型的建立及研究進展. 中華醫學雜志, 2015, 95(11): 870-872.
5. 陶友倫, 陳紹鶴, 徐世敏, 等. 大鼠皮動脈外徑與其營養范圍的定量測量和回歸分析. 中國臨床解剖學雜志, 2009, 27(5): 558-562.
6. 莊躍宏, 胡斯旺, 吳東方, 等. 一種研究 choke 血管新的動物模型—大鼠背部皮窗. 中國臨床解剖學雜志, 2011, 29 (6): 609-613.
7. Schambach SJ, Bag S, Groden C, et al. Vascular imaging in small rodents using micro-CT. Methods, 2010, 50(1): 26-35.
8. Hu JZ, Wu TD, Zhang T, et al. Three-dimensional alteration of microvasculature in a rat model of traumatic spinal cord injury. J Neurosci Methods, 2012, 204(1): 150-158.
9. Thomas BP, Geddes CR, Tang M, et al. The vascular basis of the thoracodorsal artery perforator flap. Plast Reconstr Surg, 2005, 116(3): 818-822.
10. 胡斯旺, 毛海蛟, 莊躍宏, 等. 再探大鼠背部穿支體區間 choke 血管變化規律. 中國臨床解剖學雜志, 2014, 32(6): 690-693.
11. 戴開宇, 胡斯旺, 莊躍宏, 等. 大鼠背部跨區皮瓣的 Choke 靜脈的變化規律. 解剖學報, 2013, 44(2): 238-244.
12. 何智靈, 高偉陽, 李俊杰, 等. 大鼠背部單一穿支蒂皮瓣的實驗研究. 中華整形外科雜志, 2014, 30(1): 40-44.
13. 楊曦, 徐永清, 何曉清. 顯微 CT 對小動物血管三維成像的研究進展. 中國骨與關節損傷雜志, 2016, 31(3): 334-336.
14. Ritman EL. Micro-computed tomography-current status and developments. Annu Rev Biomed Eng, 2004, 6: 185-208.
15. Vasquez SX, Gao F, Su F, et al. Optimization of microCT imaging and blood vessel diameter quantitation of preclinical specimen vasculature with radiopaque polymer injection medium. PLoS One, 2011, 6(4): e19099.
16. van Alphen NA, Morsy M, Laungani AT, et al. A three-dimensional micro-computed tomographic study of the intraosseous lunate vasculature: Implications for surgical intervention and the development of avascular necrosis. Plast Reconstr Surg, 2016, 138(5): 869e-878e.
17. 毛以華, 朱昭煒, 丁茂超, 等. 應用高分辨率顯微 CT 進行大鼠周圍神經微血管三維可視化研究. 解剖學報, 2013, 44(3): 353-356.
18. 樓新法, 梅勁, Christopher R. Geddes, 等. 明膠-氧化鉛血管造影術的優化. 中國臨床解剖學雜志, 2006, 24(2): 259-262.
19. 薛蘭, 吳志海, 湯瑩瑩, 等. 激光多普勒對大鼠背部 3 種皮瓣模型的血流動力學特點研究. 中國臨床解剖學雜志, 2016, 34(1): 6-11.
20. 陳紹鶴, 唐茂林, 陶友倫, 等. 大鼠主要皮動脈的形態計量學及其相互關系. 解剖學報, 2010, 41(4): 626-630.

Chinese Journal of Reparative and Reconstructive Surgery

Establishment of micro-vessels model of cross-boundary perforator flap in rat via digital technology

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