Diagnostic value of Presepsin for sepsis: a meta-analysis_CHINESE JOURNAL OF BASES AND CLINICS IN GENERAL SURGERY

Authors：

ZHANG Pengcheng ^1,2 , ZHANG Aimei ² ,  WU Zhoushi ^1,2 , XU Feng ^1,2 , YANG Shiyuan ² , CAO Jingfang ² , ZHENG Hui ²

1. Department of Thyroid and Breast, Xiangyang No.1 People’s Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Xiangyang, Hubei 441000, P. R. China;
2. The Forth Clinical College, Hubei University of Medicine, Xiangyang, Hubei 441000, P. R. China;

Corresponding?author：

WU Zhoushi, Email: wzs950611@163.com

Keywords：

sepsis; Presepsin; diagnostic test; meta-analysis

DOI：

10.7507/1007-9424.201709089

Video：

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Objective To systematically review the diagnostic value of Presepsin for sepsis. Methods Literatures were searched from PubMed, The Cochrane Library (Issue 6, 2017), EMbase, CNKI, CBM, VIP, and WanFang database, and the time was from inception to June 2017, to collect diagnostic studies about Presepsin for sepsis. Two reviewers independently screened literature, extracted data, and assessed the risk of bias of included studies by QUADAS-2 tool. Then meta-analysis was performed by using RevMan 5.3 and Meta-Disc 1.4 software. Pooled sensitivity (Sen), specificity (Spe), positive likelihood ratio (LR+), negative likelihood ratio (LR-), diagnostic odds ratio (DOR), and area under the curve (AUC) of summary receiver operating characteristic curve (SROC) were calculated to assess the diagnostic value of individual diagnostic tests. Results A total of 23 studies with 2 925 sepsis patients and 1 852 controls were finally included. The results of meta-analysis showed that the pooled Sen, Spe, LR+, LR-, DOR, and AUC was 0.80 ［95% CI was (0.78, 0.81), P<0.000 1］, 0.83 ［95%CI was (0.81, 0. 84), P<0.000 1］, 4.78 ［95%CI was (3.62, 6.31), P<0.000 1］, 0.22 ［95%CI was (0.18, 0.27), P<0.000 1］, 23.64 ［95%CI was (16.00, 34.92), P<0.000 1］, and 0.91 ［95%CI was (0.89, 0.94), P<0.001］, respectively. Subgroup analysis showed that the pooled Sen, Spe, LR+, LR-, DOR, and AUC in Caucasian was 0.83 ［95% CI was (0.80, 0.86), P=0.000 1］, 0.79 ［95% CI was (0.76, 0.82), P<0.000 1］, 4.38 ［95%CI was (2.40, 8.02), P<0.000 1］, 0.23 ［95%CI was (0.16, 0.31), P=0.007 8］, 21.09 ［95% CI was (8.82, 50.41), P<0.000 1］, and 0.91 ［95%CI was (0.87, 0.92), P<0.001］ respectively, and in Asian was 0.79 ［95% CI was (0.77, 0.80), P<0.000 1］, 0.85 ［95%CI was (0.83, 0.87), P<0.000 1］,4.74 ［95%CI was (3.82, 5.89), P=0.011 1］, 0.22 ［95% CI was (0.17, 0.28), P<0.000 1］, 24.95 ［95%CI was (16.07, 38.74), P<0.000 1］, and 0.92 ［95%CI was (0.90, 0.95), P=0.001］ respectively, there was no significant difference between Caucasian and Asian in diagnostic accuracy of Presepsin (Z=0.41, P>0.05). Conclusion Current evidence indicates that Presepsin has great early diagnostic value for sepsis.

Citation： ZHANG Pengcheng, ZHANG Aimei, WU Zhoushi, XU Feng, YANG Shiyuan, CAO Jingfang, ZHENG Hui. Diagnostic value of Presepsin for sepsis: a meta-analysis. CHINESE JOURNAL OF BASES AND CLINICS IN GENERAL SURGERY, 2018, 25(4): 456-466. doi: 10.7507/1007-9424.201709089 Copy

1.	Zou Q, Wen W, Zhang XC. Presepsin as a novel sepsis biomarker. World J Emerg Med, 2014, 5(1): 16-19.
2.	Dellinger RP, Levy MM, Rhodes A, et al. Surviving sepsis campaign: international guidelines for management of severe sepsis and septic shock, 2012. Intensive Care Med, 2013, 39(2): 165-228.
3.	金臘梅, 蔣明勇, 韋國華. Presepsin 對急診患者膿毒癥的診斷價值. 醫學理論與實踐, 2016, 29(3): 290-291.
4.	Venkataraman R, Kellum JA. Sepsis: update in the management. Adv Chronic Kidney Dis, 2013, 20(1): 6-13.
5.	Lee SH, Chan RC, Wu JY, et al. Diagnostic value of procalcitonin for bacterial infection in elderly patients－a systemic review and meta-analysis. Int J Clin Pract, 2013, 67(12): 1350-1357.
6.	Mussap M, Noto A, Fravega M, et al. Soluble CD14 subtype presepsin (sCD14-ST) and lipopolysaccharide binding protein (LBP) in neonatal sepsis: new clinical and analytical perspectives for two old biomarkers. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med, 2011, 24 Suppl 2: 12-14.
7.	Yaegashi Y, Shirakawa K, Sato N, et al. Evaluation of a newly identified soluble CD14 subtype as a marker for sepsis. J Infect Chemother, 2005, 11(5): 234-238.
8.	Bone RC, Balk RA, Cerra FB, et al. Definitions for sepsis and organ failure and guidelines for the use of innovative therapies in sepsis. The ACCP/SCCM Consensus Conference Committee. American College of Chest Physicians/Society of Critical Care Medicine. Chest, 1992, 101(6): 1644-1655.
9.	鄔蘭, 張永, 曾憲濤. QUADAS-2 在診斷準確性研究的質量評價工具中的應用. 湖北醫藥學院學報, 2013, 32(3): 201-208.
10.	張俊, 徐志偉, 李克. 診斷性試驗 Meta 分析的效應指標評價. 中國循證醫學雜志, 2013, 13(7): 890-895.
11.	黃波. presepsin 聯合降鈣素原和 C 反應蛋白檢測對膿毒癥早期診斷及預后評估的價值. 泰山醫學院學報, 2016, 37(3): 321-322.
12.	余建, 邵強, 王權, 等. 聯合檢測 presepsin、降鈣素原和 C 反應蛋白對膿毒癥早期診斷及預后評估的價值. 臨床檢驗雜志, 2014, 32(3): 200-203.
13.	崔巖, 張新超, 銀彩霞, 等. Presepsin（sCD14-ST）檢測對膿毒癥急診患者的診斷意義和預后評估價值. 中華醫院感染學雜志, 2017, 27(1): 75-78.
14.	蘇明環, 壽松濤. 血 presepsin 對膿毒癥診斷及病情判斷的臨床價值. 臨床檢驗雜志, 2014, 32(2): 106-108.
15.	楊彪, 王瑤, 高婷, 等. 急性創傷患者監測可溶性白細胞分化抗原 14 亞型對膿毒癥的鑒別診斷及預后評價. 醫學研究雜志, 2016, 45(8): 129-133.
16.	高楊. 急性創傷患者早期監測 Presepsin 的臨床意義. 天津: 天津醫科大學, 2014.
17.	楊愛龍, 陳曦, 高宏偉, 等. 膿毒癥的診斷和預后評估中 presepsin 的臨床價值. 中華檢驗醫學雜志, 2015, 38(2): 124-127.
18.	孔金水, 劉子永, 黃波. 創傷性膿毒癥患者血清 Presepsin 水平與疾病嚴重程度及預后的相關性研究. 中國醫學創新, 2016, 13(4): 17-19.
19.	Liu B, Chen YX, Yin Q, et al. Diagnostic value and prognostic evaluation of Presepsin for sepsis in an emergency department. Crit Care, 2013, 17(5): R244.
20.	de Guadiana Romualdo LG, Torrella PE, Acebes SR, et al. Diagnostic accuracy of presepsin (sCD14-ST) as a biomarker of infection and sepsis in the emergency department. Clin Chim Acta, 2017, 464: 6-11.
21.	Behnes M, Bertsch T, Lepiorz D, et al. Diagnostic and prognostic utility of soluble CD 14 subtype (presepsin) for severe sepsis and septic shock during the first week of intensive care treatment. Crit Care, 2014, 18(5): 507-532.
22.	Klouche K, Cristol JP, Devin J, et al. Diagnostic and prognostic value of soluble CD14 subtype (Presepsin) for sepsis and community-acquired pneumonia in ICU patients. Ann Intensive Care, 2016, 6(1): 59.
23.	Kweon OJ, Choi JH, Park SK, et al. Usefulness of presepsin (sCD14 subtype) measurements as a new marker for the diagnosis and prediction of disease severity of sepsis in the Korean population. J Crit Care, 2014, 29(6): 965-970.
24.	Endo S, Suzuki Y, Takahashi G, et al. Usefulness of presepsin in the diagnosis of sepsis in a multicenter prospective study. J Infect Chemother, 2012, 18(6): 891-897.
25.	Enguix-Armada A, Escobar-Conesa R, García-De La Torre A, et al. Usefulness of several biomarkers in the management of septic patients: C-reactive protein, procalcitonin, presepsin and mid-regional pro-adrenomedullin. Clin Chem Lab Med, 2016, 54(1): 163-168.
26.	Carpio R, Zapata J, Spanuth E, et al. Utility of presepsin (sCD14-ST) as a diagnostic and prognostic marker of sepsis in the emergency department. Clin Chim Acta, 2015, 450: 169-175.
27.	Vodnik T, Kaljevic G, Tadic T, et al. Presepsin (sCD14-ST) in preoperative diagnosis of abdominal sepsis. Clin Chem Lab Med, 2013, 51(10): 2053-2062.
28.	Nakamura Y, Ishikura H, Nishida T, et al. Usefulness of presepsin in the diagnosis of sepsis in patients with or without acute kidney injury. BMC Anesthesiol, 2014, 14: 88.
29.	Shozushima T, Takahashi G, Matsumoto N, et al. Usefulness of presepsin (sCD14-ST) measurements as a marker for the diagnosis and severity of sepsis that satisfied diagnostic criteria of systemic inflammatory response syndrome. J Infect Chemother, 2011, 17(6): 764-769.
30.	Takahashi G, Shibata S, Ishikura H, et al. Presepsin in the prognosis of infectious diseases and diagnosis of infectious disseminated intravascular coagulation: a prospective, multicentre, observational study. Eur J Anaesthesiol, 2015, 32(3): 199-206.
31.	de Guadiana Romualdo LG, Torrella PE, González MV, et al. Diagnostic accuracy of presepsin (soluble CD14 subtype) for prediction of bacteremia in patients with systemic inflammatory response syndrome in the Emergency Department. Clin Biochem, 2014, 47(7-8): 505-508.
32.	Sargentini V, Ceccarelli G, D’Alessandro M, et al. Presepsin as a potential marker for bacterial infection relapse in critical care patients. A preliminary study. Clin Chem Lab Med, 2015, 53(4): 567-573.
33.	韋國華, 蔣明勇, 金臘梅. Presepsin 對膿毒癥診斷價值的 Meta 分析. 中國循證醫學雜志, 2016, 16(3): 286-291.
34.	Wu J, Hu L, Zhang G, et al. Accuracy of Presepsin in sepsis diagnosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One, 2015, 10(7): e0133057.
35.	Liu Y, Hou JH, Li Q, et al. Biomarkers for diagnosis of sepsis in patients with systemic inflammatory response syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Springerplus, 2016, 5(1): 2091-3000.
36.	Zhang J, Hu ZD, Song J, et al. Diagnostic value of Presepsin for sepsis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore), 2015, 94(47): e2158-e2165.
37.	Tong X, Cao Y, Yu M, et al. Presepsin as a diagnostic marker for sepsis: evidence from a bivariate meta-analysis. Ther Clin Risk Manag, 2015, 11: 1027-1033.
38.	Zhang X, Liu D, Liu YN, et al. The accuracy of presepsin (sCD14-ST) for the diagnosis of sepsis in adults: a meta-analysis. Crit Care, 2015, 19: 323-333.
39.	Zheng Z, Jiang L, Ye L, et al. The accuracy of presepsin for the diagnosis of sepsis from SIRS: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Ann Intensive Care, 2015, 5(1): 48-60.
40.	張天嵩, 鐘文昭, 李博. 診斷性試驗的 Meta 分析//張天嵩, 徐國增, 熊茜. 實用循證醫學方法學. 第 2 版. 長沙: 中南大學出版社, 2014: 417-427.
41.	廖娟, 林禮興, 李揚宇, 等. sCD14-ST 在膿毒血癥早期診斷中的應用. 檢驗醫學, 2016, 31(7): 562-566.
42.	Christ-Crain M, Müller B. Procalcitonin in bacterial infections－hype, hope, more or less? Swiss Med Wkly, 2005, 135(31-32): 451-460.
43.	Becker KL, Snider R, Nylen ES. Procalcitonin assay in systemic inflammation, infection, and sepsis: clinical utility and limitations. Crit Care Med, 2008, 36(3): 941-952.
44.	Okamura Y, Yokoi H. Development of a point-of-care assay system for measurement of presepsin (sCD14-ST). Clin Chim Acta, 2011, 412(23-24): 2157-2161.
45.	Masson S, Caironi P, Spanuth E, et al. Presepsin (soluble CD14 subtype) and procalcitonin levels for mortality prediction in sepsis: data from the Albumin Italian Outcome Sepsis trial. Crit Care, 2014, 18(1): R6-R10.
46.	Endo S, Suzuki Y, Takahashi G, et al. Presepsin as a powerful monitoring tool for the prognosis and treatment of sepsis: a multicenter prospective study. J Infect Chemother, 2014, 20(1): 30-34.
47.	Masson S, Caironi P, Fanizza C, et al. Erratum to: circulating presepsin (soluble CD14 subtype) as a marker of host response in patients with severe sepsis or septic shock: data from the multicenter, randomized ALBIOS trial. Intensive Care Med, 2015, 41(9): 1736.
48.	Palmiere C, Mussap M, Bardy D, et al. Diagnostic value of soluble CD14 subtype (sCD14-ST) presepsin for the postmortem diagnosis of sepsis-related fatalities. Int J Legal Med, 2013, 127(4): 799-808.
49.	邵珍珍, 李泉. CD14 在膿毒癥中的最新進展. 同濟大學學報 (醫學版), 2016, 37(6): 136-140.

1. Zou Q, Wen W, Zhang XC. Presepsin as a novel sepsis biomarker. World J Emerg Med, 2014, 5(1): 16-19.
2. Dellinger RP, Levy MM, Rhodes A, et al. Surviving sepsis campaign: international guidelines for management of severe sepsis and septic shock, 2012. Intensive Care Med, 2013, 39(2): 165-228.
3. 金臘梅, 蔣明勇, 韋國華. Presepsin 對急診患者膿毒癥的診斷價值. 醫學理論與實踐, 2016, 29(3): 290-291.
4. Venkataraman R, Kellum JA. Sepsis: update in the management. Adv Chronic Kidney Dis, 2013, 20(1): 6-13.
5. Lee SH, Chan RC, Wu JY, et al. Diagnostic value of procalcitonin for bacterial infection in elderly patients－a systemic review and meta-analysis. Int J Clin Pract, 2013, 67(12): 1350-1357.
6. Mussap M, Noto A, Fravega M, et al. Soluble CD14 subtype presepsin (sCD14-ST) and lipopolysaccharide binding protein (LBP) in neonatal sepsis: new clinical and analytical perspectives for two old biomarkers. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med, 2011, 24 Suppl 2: 12-14.
7. Yaegashi Y, Shirakawa K, Sato N, et al. Evaluation of a newly identified soluble CD14 subtype as a marker for sepsis. J Infect Chemother, 2005, 11(5): 234-238.
8. Bone RC, Balk RA, Cerra FB, et al. Definitions for sepsis and organ failure and guidelines for the use of innovative therapies in sepsis. The ACCP/SCCM Consensus Conference Committee. American College of Chest Physicians/Society of Critical Care Medicine. Chest, 1992, 101(6): 1644-1655.
9. 鄔蘭, 張永, 曾憲濤. QUADAS-2 在診斷準確性研究的質量評價工具中的應用. 湖北醫藥學院學報, 2013, 32(3): 201-208.
10. 張俊, 徐志偉, 李克. 診斷性試驗 Meta 分析的效應指標評價. 中國循證醫學雜志, 2013, 13(7): 890-895.
11. 黃波. presepsin 聯合降鈣素原和 C 反應蛋白檢測對膿毒癥早期診斷及預后評估的價值. 泰山醫學院學報, 2016, 37(3): 321-322.
12. 余建, 邵強, 王權, 等. 聯合檢測 presepsin、降鈣素原和 C 反應蛋白對膿毒癥早期診斷及預后評估的價值. 臨床檢驗雜志, 2014, 32(3): 200-203.
13. 崔巖, 張新超, 銀彩霞, 等. Presepsin（sCD14-ST）檢測對膿毒癥急診患者的診斷意義和預后評估價值. 中華醫院感染學雜志, 2017, 27(1): 75-78.
14. 蘇明環, 壽松濤. 血 presepsin 對膿毒癥診斷及病情判斷的臨床價值. 臨床檢驗雜志, 2014, 32(2): 106-108.
15. 楊彪, 王瑤, 高婷, 等. 急性創傷患者監測可溶性白細胞分化抗原 14 亞型對膿毒癥的鑒別診斷及預后評價. 醫學研究雜志, 2016, 45(8): 129-133.
16. 高楊. 急性創傷患者早期監測 Presepsin 的臨床意義. 天津: 天津醫科大學, 2014.
17. 楊愛龍, 陳曦, 高宏偉, 等. 膿毒癥的診斷和預后評估中 presepsin 的臨床價值. 中華檢驗醫學雜志, 2015, 38(2): 124-127.
18. 孔金水, 劉子永, 黃波. 創傷性膿毒癥患者血清 Presepsin 水平與疾病嚴重程度及預后的相關性研究. 中國醫學創新, 2016, 13(4): 17-19.
19. Liu B, Chen YX, Yin Q, et al. Diagnostic value and prognostic evaluation of Presepsin for sepsis in an emergency department. Crit Care, 2013, 17(5): R244.
20. de Guadiana Romualdo LG, Torrella PE, Acebes SR, et al. Diagnostic accuracy of presepsin (sCD14-ST) as a biomarker of infection and sepsis in the emergency department. Clin Chim Acta, 2017, 464: 6-11.
21. Behnes M, Bertsch T, Lepiorz D, et al. Diagnostic and prognostic utility of soluble CD 14 subtype (presepsin) for severe sepsis and septic shock during the first week of intensive care treatment. Crit Care, 2014, 18(5): 507-532.
22. Klouche K, Cristol JP, Devin J, et al. Diagnostic and prognostic value of soluble CD14 subtype (Presepsin) for sepsis and community-acquired pneumonia in ICU patients. Ann Intensive Care, 2016, 6(1): 59.
23. Kweon OJ, Choi JH, Park SK, et al. Usefulness of presepsin (sCD14 subtype) measurements as a new marker for the diagnosis and prediction of disease severity of sepsis in the Korean population. J Crit Care, 2014, 29(6): 965-970.
24. Endo S, Suzuki Y, Takahashi G, et al. Usefulness of presepsin in the diagnosis of sepsis in a multicenter prospective study. J Infect Chemother, 2012, 18(6): 891-897.
25. Enguix-Armada A, Escobar-Conesa R, García-De La Torre A, et al. Usefulness of several biomarkers in the management of septic patients: C-reactive protein, procalcitonin, presepsin and mid-regional pro-adrenomedullin. Clin Chem Lab Med, 2016, 54(1): 163-168.
26. Carpio R, Zapata J, Spanuth E, et al. Utility of presepsin (sCD14-ST) as a diagnostic and prognostic marker of sepsis in the emergency department. Clin Chim Acta, 2015, 450: 169-175.
27. Vodnik T, Kaljevic G, Tadic T, et al. Presepsin (sCD14-ST) in preoperative diagnosis of abdominal sepsis. Clin Chem Lab Med, 2013, 51(10): 2053-2062.
28. Nakamura Y, Ishikura H, Nishida T, et al. Usefulness of presepsin in the diagnosis of sepsis in patients with or without acute kidney injury. BMC Anesthesiol, 2014, 14: 88.
29. Shozushima T, Takahashi G, Matsumoto N, et al. Usefulness of presepsin (sCD14-ST) measurements as a marker for the diagnosis and severity of sepsis that satisfied diagnostic criteria of systemic inflammatory response syndrome. J Infect Chemother, 2011, 17(6): 764-769.
30. Takahashi G, Shibata S, Ishikura H, et al. Presepsin in the prognosis of infectious diseases and diagnosis of infectious disseminated intravascular coagulation: a prospective, multicentre, observational study. Eur J Anaesthesiol, 2015, 32(3): 199-206.
31. de Guadiana Romualdo LG, Torrella PE, González MV, et al. Diagnostic accuracy of presepsin (soluble CD14 subtype) for prediction of bacteremia in patients with systemic inflammatory response syndrome in the Emergency Department. Clin Biochem, 2014, 47(7-8): 505-508.
32. Sargentini V, Ceccarelli G, D’Alessandro M, et al. Presepsin as a potential marker for bacterial infection relapse in critical care patients. A preliminary study. Clin Chem Lab Med, 2015, 53(4): 567-573.
33. 韋國華, 蔣明勇, 金臘梅. Presepsin 對膿毒癥診斷價值的 Meta 分析. 中國循證醫學雜志, 2016, 16(3): 286-291.
34. Wu J, Hu L, Zhang G, et al. Accuracy of Presepsin in sepsis diagnosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One, 2015, 10(7): e0133057.
35. Liu Y, Hou JH, Li Q, et al. Biomarkers for diagnosis of sepsis in patients with systemic inflammatory response syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Springerplus, 2016, 5(1): 2091-3000.
36. Zhang J, Hu ZD, Song J, et al. Diagnostic value of Presepsin for sepsis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore), 2015, 94(47): e2158-e2165.
37. Tong X, Cao Y, Yu M, et al. Presepsin as a diagnostic marker for sepsis: evidence from a bivariate meta-analysis. Ther Clin Risk Manag, 2015, 11: 1027-1033.
38. Zhang X, Liu D, Liu YN, et al. The accuracy of presepsin (sCD14-ST) for the diagnosis of sepsis in adults: a meta-analysis. Crit Care, 2015, 19: 323-333.
39. Zheng Z, Jiang L, Ye L, et al. The accuracy of presepsin for the diagnosis of sepsis from SIRS: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Ann Intensive Care, 2015, 5(1): 48-60.
40. 張天嵩, 鐘文昭, 李博. 診斷性試驗的 Meta 分析//張天嵩, 徐國增, 熊茜. 實用循證醫學方法學. 第 2 版. 長沙: 中南大學出版社, 2014: 417-427.
41. 廖娟, 林禮興, 李揚宇, 等. sCD14-ST 在膿毒血癥早期診斷中的應用. 檢驗醫學, 2016, 31(7): 562-566.
42. Christ-Crain M, Müller B. Procalcitonin in bacterial infections－hype, hope, more or less? Swiss Med Wkly, 2005, 135(31-32): 451-460.
43. Becker KL, Snider R, Nylen ES. Procalcitonin assay in systemic inflammation, infection, and sepsis: clinical utility and limitations. Crit Care Med, 2008, 36(3): 941-952.
44. Okamura Y, Yokoi H. Development of a point-of-care assay system for measurement of presepsin (sCD14-ST). Clin Chim Acta, 2011, 412(23-24): 2157-2161.
45. Masson S, Caironi P, Spanuth E, et al. Presepsin (soluble CD14 subtype) and procalcitonin levels for mortality prediction in sepsis: data from the Albumin Italian Outcome Sepsis trial. Crit Care, 2014, 18(1): R6-R10.
46. Endo S, Suzuki Y, Takahashi G, et al. Presepsin as a powerful monitoring tool for the prognosis and treatment of sepsis: a multicenter prospective study. J Infect Chemother, 2014, 20(1): 30-34.
47. Masson S, Caironi P, Fanizza C, et al. Erratum to: circulating presepsin (soluble CD14 subtype) as a marker of host response in patients with severe sepsis or septic shock: data from the multicenter, randomized ALBIOS trial. Intensive Care Med, 2015, 41(9): 1736.
48. Palmiere C, Mussap M, Bardy D, et al. Diagnostic value of soluble CD14 subtype (sCD14-ST) presepsin for the postmortem diagnosis of sepsis-related fatalities. Int J Legal Med, 2013, 127(4): 799-808.
49. 邵珍珍, 李泉. CD14 在膿毒癥中的最新進展. 同濟大學學報 (醫學版), 2016, 37(6): 136-140.

CHINESE JOURNAL OF BASES AND CLINICS IN GENERAL SURGERY

Diagnostic value of Presepsin for sepsis: a meta-analysis

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