Analysis of the disease burden and change trend of gastric cancer in China and worldwide from 1990 to 2021_CHINESE JOURNAL OF BASES AND CLINICS IN GENERAL SURGERY

Authors：

HONG Yun ¹ , JING Xinzhe ² , ZHOU Yiqian ³ ,  YE Ding ² ,  MAO Yingying ²

1. The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310006, P. R. China;
2. School of Public Health, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310006, P. R. China;
3. The First School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310006, P. R. China;

Corresponding?author：

YE Ding, Email: yeding@zcmu.edu.cn; MAO Yingying, Email: myy@zcmu.edu.cn

Keywords：

gastric cancer; disease burden; trend analysis

DOI：

10.7507/1007-9424.202409135

Video：

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Objective To analyze the disease burden and evolving trends for gastric cancer in China and worldwide from 1990 to 2021. Methods Based on the 2021 Global Burden of Disease (GBD) database, we analyzed the burden of gastric cancer using indicators such as incidence, mortality, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), years of life lost (YLLs), and years lost due to disability (YLDs). Joinpoint regression analysis was used to calculate the average annual percentage change (AAPC) of these indicators to show trends over time. Results In 2021, the standardized incidence rate of gastric cancer was 14.33 (per 100 000) worldwide and 29.05 (per 100 000) in China, with corresponding standardized mortality rates of 11.20 (per 100 000) and 21.51 (per 100 000). The standardized incidence rate of gastric cancer in China trended downward during 1990–2021 (AAPC=–1.61%, P<0.05), but was lower than the global decline (AAPC=–1.77%, P<0.05). During 1990-2021 in China, the rates of standardized DALYs (AAPC=–2.76%, P<0.05), standardized YLLs (AAPC=–2.78%, P<0.05) and standardized YLDs (AAPC= –1.25%, P<0.05) all showed a significant decrease. The global rates of standardized DALYs (AAPC=–2.42%, P<0.05), standardized YLLs (AAPC=–2.44%, P<0.05) and standardized YLDs (AAPC=–1.56%, P<0.05) all showed a significant decrease. These AAPC values above indicated a general attenuation in the gastric cancer burden across all age groups, both in China and worldwide. Conclusions Despite these signs of a decline in disease burden indicators for gastric cancer in China and worldwide, the number of cases and deaths in gastric cancer remains substantial coupled with the heavy burden on the healthcare system. Therefore, increased efforts in early detection and prevention strategies are of utmost importance to further reduce the impact of this malignant disease.

Citation： HONG Yun, JING Xinzhe, ZHOU Yiqian, YE Ding, MAO Yingying. Analysis of the disease burden and change trend of gastric cancer in China and worldwide from 1990 to 2021. CHINESE JOURNAL OF BASES AND CLINICS IN GENERAL SURGERY, 2025, 32(1): 74-82. doi: 10.7507/1007-9424.202409135 Copy

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25.	Wong BC, Lam SK, Wong WM, et al. Helicobacter pylori eradication to prevent gastric cancer in a high-risk region of China: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA, 2004, 291(2): 187-194.
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1. Ilic M, Ilic I. Epidemiology of stomach cancer. World J Gastroenterol, 2022, 28(12): 1187-1203.
2. 李茁鈺, 劉凱, 張維漢, 等. 全球及中國胃癌的流行病學特點及趨勢: 2018–2022《全球癌癥統計報告》解讀. 中國普外基礎與臨床雜志, 2024, 31(10): 1236-1245.
3. Global Burden of Disease Collaborative Network. Global Burden of Disease Study 2021 (GBD 2021) Results. Seattle, United States: Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME), 2022. https://vizhub.healthdata.org/gbd-results/.
4. Murray CJL; GBD 2021 Collaborators. Findings from the global burden of disease study 2021. Lancet, 2024, 403(10440): 2259-2262.
5. 鄭楠, 唐均, 段可心, 等. 基于GBD分析1990年至2019年中國ADHD疾病負擔變化趨勢及預測. 中南大學學報 (醫學版), [2024-10-29]. http://kns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/43.1427.R.20240701.1517.002.html.
6. 于石成, 肖革新. 全球疾病負擔研究—大數據分析應用實例. 醫學信息學雜志, 2013, 34(9): 12-16.
7. 閔淑慧, 胡依, 郭芮綺, 等. 1990–2019年中國女性乳腺癌疾病負擔及變化趨勢分析. 現代預防醫學, 2021, 48(16): 2941-2945, 2956.
8. Cao F, Liu YC, Ni QY, et al. Temporal trends in the prevalence of autoimmune diseases from 1990 to 2019. Autoimmun Rev, 2023, 22(8): 103359. doi: 10.1016/j.autrev.2023.103359.
9. Lin Y, Zheng Y, Wang HL, et al. Global patterns and trends in gastric cancer incidence rates (1988-2012) and predictions to 2030. Gastroenterology, 2021, 161(1): 116-127.e8.
10. Yang L, Sun H, Bai Y, et al. Trends and projections of stomach cancer incidence in Hong Kong: a population-based study. Cancer Invest, 2023, 41(4): 319-329.
11. 左婷婷, 鄭榮壽, 曾紅梅, 等. 中國胃癌流行病學現狀. 中國腫瘤臨床, 2017, 44(1): 52-58.
12. Yang WJ, Zhao HP, Yu Y, et al. Updates on global epidemiology, risk and prognostic factors of gastric cancer. World J Gastroenterol, 2023, 29(16): 2452-2468.
13. Poorolajal J, Moradi L, Mohammadi Y, et al. Risk factors for stomach cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Epidemiol Health, 2020, 42: e2020004. doi: 10.4178/epih.e2020004.
14. 陳心足, 胡建昆; SIGES研究組. 胃癌防控策略的探索與優化: 流行病學、病原微生物及危險因素. 中國普外基礎與臨床雜志, 2023, 30(1): 86-90.
15. 吳景, 張磊, 姜玉, 等. 上海市長寧區居民胃癌和結直腸癌傷殘調整壽命年的統計分析. 中華腫瘤雜志, 2024, 46(2): 168-176.
16. van den Brandt PA. The impact of a healthy lifestyle on the risk of esophageal and gastric cancer subtypes. Eur J Epidemiol, 2022, 37(9): 931-945.
17. Chen Q, Cheng C, Liu Y, et al. Incidence and mortality of gastric cancer in 2018 and their trends from 2010 to 2018 in Henan Province, China: results from a provincial population-based cancer registry. Ann Transl Med, 2022, 10(18): 1012. doi: 10.21037/atm-22-4100.
18. 黃理賓, 陳海寧, 楊廷翰, 等. 胃癌的免疫治療. 中國普外基礎與臨床雜志, 2019, 26(7): 779-784.
19. Qi C, Gong J, Li J, et al. Claudin18. 2-specific CAR T cells in gastrointestinal cancers: phase 1 trial interim results. Nat Med, 2022, 28(6): 1189-1198.
20. 易顏琳, 張學云, 鄭松柏. 我國胃癌流行病學變遷和啟示. 胃腸病學, 2021, 26(8): 489-493.
21. 赫捷, 陳萬青, 李兆申, 等. 中國胃癌篩查與早診早治指南 (2022, 北京). 中國腫瘤, 2022, 31(7): 488-527.
22. Karimi P, Islami F, Anandasabapathy S, et al. Gastric cancer: descriptive epidemiology, risk factors, screening, and prevention. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev, 2014, 23(5): 700-713.
23. Mentella MC, Scaldaferri F, Ricci C, et al. Cancer and mediterranean diet: a review. Nutrients, 2019, 11(9): 2059. doi: 10.3390/nu11092059.
24. Smyth EC, Nilsson M, Grabsch HI, et al. Gastric cancer. Lancet, 2020, 396(10251): 635-648.
25. Wong BC, Lam SK, Wong WM, et al. Helicobacter pylori eradication to prevent gastric cancer in a high-risk region of China: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA, 2004, 291(2): 187-194.
26. Ohata H, Oka M, Yanaoka K, et al. Gastric cancer screening of a high-risk population in Japan using serum pepsinogen and barium digital radiography. Cancer Sci, 2005, 96(10): 713-720.

CHINESE JOURNAL OF BASES AND CLINICS IN GENERAL SURGERY

Analysis of the disease burden and change trend of gastric cancer in China and worldwide from 1990 to 2021

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