840例醫務人員銳器傷現狀調查_《中國循證醫學雜志》

作者：

 徐世蘭 ¹ , 吳西億 ² , 饒莉 ¹ , 譚成 ¹ , 喬甫 ¹ , 蒲丹 ¹ , 尹維佳 ¹ , 舒明蓉 ¹

1. 四川大學華西醫院醫院感染管理科（成都?610041）；2. 四川大學口腔醫院外科（成都?610041）;

關鍵詞：

醫院感染控制銳器傷職業防護調查

DOI：

10.7507/1672-2531.20110111

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目的　通過調查醫務人員銳器傷發生情況，為制定銳器傷防護措施提供科學依據。
方法　采用上海復旦大學中山醫院設計的銳器傷調查問卷，按工作類別抽取四川大學華西醫院各科室相關人群的10%進行調查。問卷內容包括被調查者的基本情況，銳器傷后的報告情況，以及培訓參與和過去1年銳器傷涉及的暴露源、操作、場所和器具。
結果　共發放調查問卷840份，回收840份，有效回收率100%。840名被調查者中，男性占23%，女性占72%，50.24%發生過銳器傷；工作年限 lt;10年者占銳器傷總數的75%，護士、保潔員、醫師銳器傷率處于前3位，手術室為銳器傷發生的第一高危科室；已知血源性暴露源為乙肝69例、梅毒19例、丙肝6例和HIV 3例；62%的被調查者參加過培訓，但僅有11.61%被刺傷者報告過銳器傷。
結論　該院醫務人員銳器傷發生率較高，但報告率較低。手術室為銳器傷發生高危科室，護士、保潔員、醫師為銳器傷發生高危人群。應加強重點科室、重點人群銳器傷防護和培訓。

引用本文： 徐世蘭,吳西億,饒莉,譚成,喬甫,蒲丹,尹維佳,舒明蓉. 840例醫務人員銳器傷現狀調查. 中國循證醫學雜志, 2011, 11(6): 636-639. doi: 10.7507/1672-2531.20110111 復制

1.	3 Gershon RR, Vlahov D, Felknor SA, et al . Compliance with universal precautions among health care workers at three regional hospitals. Am J Infect Control , 1995, 23(4): 225-236.
2.	4 Stringer B, Infante-Rivard C, Hanley J. Quantifying and reducing the risk of bloodborne pathogen exposure. AORN J , 2001, 73(6):1135-40, 1142-3, 1145-6; quiz 1147-8, 1151-4.
3.	8 Allen G. Needle-stick injuries; coronary artery bypass; dressings; retained objects. American Journal of Infection Control , 2003, 77(6):1260, 1262.
4.	10 Shen C, Jagger J, Pearson RD. Risk of needle stick and sharp object injuries among medical students. Am J Infect Control , 1999, 27(5): 435-437.
5.	11 Knight VM, Bodsworth NJ. Perceptions and practice of universal blood and body fluid precautions by registered nurses at a major Sydney teaching hospital. J Adv Nurs , 1998, 27(4): 746-751.
6.	12 Lee JM, Botteman MF, Xanthakos N, et al . Needlestick injuries in the United States. Epidemiologic, economic, and quality of life issues. AAOHN J , 2005, 53(3): 117-133.
7.	14 Wang H, Fennie K, He G, et al . A training programme for prevention of occupational exposure to bloodborne pathogens: impact on knowledge, behaviour and incidence of needle stick injuries among student nurses in Changsha, People's Republic of China. J Adv Nurs , 2003, 41(2): 187-194.
8.	Gupta P. Needle Stick Injury–Consequences and Prevention. Health management, Issue dtd. June 2006. Available at: http://www.expresshealthcaremgmt.com/200606/insight01.shtml.
9.	CDC. Exposure to blood: What healthcare personnel need to know, 2006. Available at: http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dhqp/pdf/blood-borne pathogens/Exp_to_Blood.pdf.
10.	曹明霞. 血源性傳播疾病醫務人員的職業防護. 護士進修雜志, 1999, 14(1): 51-52.
11.	殷大奎. 認清形勢加強預防控制艾滋病. 中華預防雜志, 2000, 1(1): 35-38.
12.	WHO. Protection of the Human Environment, Sharps injuries: Assessing the burden of disease from sharps injuries to health-care workers at national and local levels, Environmental Burden of Disease Series, 2005, No.11.
13.	胡必杰, 郭燕紅, 高光明, 等主編. 醫院感染預防與控制標準操作規程（參考版）. 第1版. 上海: 上海科學技術出版社, 2010: 120.
14.	袁麗, 蔣紅 .高職護生職業防護現狀調查及對策. 中華護理雜志, 2004, 39(10): 795-796.
15.	Joanna CT. Raising awareness and reducing the risk of needlestick injuries (online). Clinical skill trainer, University hospital Birmingham NHS trust, 2007. Available at http://www.nursingtimes.net/nursing-practice-clinical-research/raising-awareness-and-reducing-the-risk-of-needlestick-injuries/199784.article.

1. 3 Gershon RR, Vlahov D, Felknor SA, et al . Compliance with universal precautions among health care workers at three regional hospitals. Am J Infect Control , 1995, 23(4): 225-236.
2. 4 Stringer B, Infante-Rivard C, Hanley J. Quantifying and reducing the risk of bloodborne pathogen exposure. AORN J , 2001, 73(6):1135-40, 1142-3, 1145-6; quiz 1147-8, 1151-4.
3. 8 Allen G. Needle-stick injuries; coronary artery bypass; dressings; retained objects. American Journal of Infection Control , 2003, 77(6):1260, 1262.
4. 10 Shen C, Jagger J, Pearson RD. Risk of needle stick and sharp object injuries among medical students. Am J Infect Control , 1999, 27(5): 435-437.
5. 11 Knight VM, Bodsworth NJ. Perceptions and practice of universal blood and body fluid precautions by registered nurses at a major Sydney teaching hospital. J Adv Nurs , 1998, 27(4): 746-751.
6. 12 Lee JM, Botteman MF, Xanthakos N, et al . Needlestick injuries in the United States. Epidemiologic, economic, and quality of life issues. AAOHN J , 2005, 53(3): 117-133.
7. 14 Wang H, Fennie K, He G, et al . A training programme for prevention of occupational exposure to bloodborne pathogens: impact on knowledge, behaviour and incidence of needle stick injuries among student nurses in Changsha, People's Republic of China. J Adv Nurs , 2003, 41(2): 187-194.
8. Gupta P. Needle Stick Injury–Consequences and Prevention. Health management, Issue dtd. June 2006. Available at: http://www.expresshealthcaremgmt.com/200606/insight01.shtml.
9. CDC. Exposure to blood: What healthcare personnel need to know, 2006. Available at: http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dhqp/pdf/blood-borne pathogens/Exp_to_Blood.pdf.
10. 曹明霞. 血源性傳播疾病醫務人員的職業防護. 護士進修雜志, 1999, 14(1): 51-52.
11. 殷大奎. 認清形勢加強預防控制艾滋病. 中華預防雜志, 2000, 1(1): 35-38.
12. WHO. Protection of the Human Environment, Sharps injuries: Assessing the burden of disease from sharps injuries to health-care workers at national and local levels, Environmental Burden of Disease Series, 2005, No.11.
13. 胡必杰, 郭燕紅, 高光明, 等主編. 醫院感染預防與控制標準操作規程（參考版）. 第1版. 上海: 上海科學技術出版社, 2010: 120.
14. 袁麗, 蔣紅 .高職護生職業防護現狀調查及對策. 中華護理雜志, 2004, 39(10): 795-796.
15. Joanna CT. Raising awareness and reducing the risk of needlestick injuries (online). Clinical skill trainer, University hospital Birmingham NHS trust, 2007. Available at http://www.nursingtimes.net/nursing-practice-clinical-research/raising-awareness-and-reducing-the-risk-of-needlestick-injuries/199784.article.

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840例醫務人員銳器傷現狀調查

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《中國循證醫學雜志》

840例醫務人員銳器傷現狀調查

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