Centers for disease control and prevention guideline for the prevention of surgical site infection, 2017: an interpretation_Chinese Journal of Evidence-Based Medicine

Authors：

YE Hui ^1,2 , ZONG Zhiyong ^1,2,3 ,  LV Xiaoju ^1,2

1. Center of Infectious Diseases, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P.R.China;
2. Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P.R.China;
3. Division of Hospital Infections Control, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P.R.China;

Corresponding?author：

LV Xiaoju, Email: lvxj3369@163.com

Keywords：

Surgical site infection; Prophylaxis; Guideline

DOI：

10.7507/1672-2531.201707012

Video：

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Citation： YE Hui, ZONG Zhiyong, LV Xiaoju. Centers for disease control and prevention guideline for the prevention of surgical site infection, 2017: an interpretation. Chinese Journal of Evidence-Based Medicine, 2017, 17(7): 745-750. doi: 10.7507/1672-2531.201707012 Copy

1.	Leaper DJ, Edmiston CE. World Health Organization: global guidelines for the prevention of surgical site infection. J Hosp Infect, 2017, 95(2): 135-136.
2.	Berríos-Torres SI, Umscheid CA, Bratzler DW, et al. Centers for disease control and prevention guideline for the prevention of surgical site infection, 2017. JAMA Surg, doi: 10.1001/ jamasurg.2017.0904.
3.	European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control. Point prevalence survey of healthcare associated infections and antimicrobial use in European acute care hospitals. Stockholm: European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control, 2013. Available at: http://www.ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications/ Publications/Forms/ECDC_DispForm.aspx?ID=1155.
4.	Anderson DJ, Podgorny K, Berríos-Torres SI. Strategies to prevent surgical site infections in acute care hospitals: 2014 update. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol, 2014, 35(6): 605-627.
5.	Diener MK, Knebel P, Kieser M, et al. Antibiotic sutures against surgical site infections--Authors’ reply. Lancet, 2014, 384(9952): 1425-1426.
6.	Biffi R, Fattori L, Bertani E, et al. Surgical site infections following colorectal cancer surgery: a randomized prospective trial comparing common and advanced antimicrobial dressing containing ionic silver. World J Surg Oncol, 2012, 10: 94.
7.	Chan RP, Galas FR, Hajjar LA, et al. Intensive perioperative glucose control does not improve outcomes of patients submitted to open-heart surgery: a randomized controlled trial. Clinics, 2009, 64(1): 51-60.
8.	Steinberg JP, Braun BI, Hellinger WC, et al. Timing of antimicrobial prophylaxis and the risk of surgical site infections: results from the trial to reduce antimicrobial prophylaxis errors. Ann Surg, 2009, 250(1): 10-16.
9.	Kasteren ME, Mannien J, Ott A, et al. Antibiotic prophylaxis and the risk of surgical site infections following total hip arthroplasty: timely administration is the most important factor. Clin Infect Dis, 2007, 44(7): 921-927.
10.	Bickel A, Gurevits M, Vamos R, et al. Perioperative hyperoxygenation and wound site infection following surgery for acute appendicitis: a randomized, prospective, controlled trial. Arch Surg, 2011, 146(4): 464-470.
11.	Isik I, Selimen D, Senay S, et al. Efficiency of antibacterial suture material in cardiac surgery: a double-blind randomized prospective study. Heart Surg Forum, 2012, 15(1): 40-45.
12.	Meyhoff CS, Wetterslev J, Jorgensen LN, et al. Effect of high perioperative oxygen fraction on surgical site infection and pulmonary complications after abdominal surgery The PROXI randomized clinical trial. JAMA, 2009, 302(14): 1543-1550.
13.	Gandhi GY, Nuttall GA, Abel MD, et al. Intensive intraoperative insulin therapy versus conventional glucose management during cardiac surgery: a randomized trial. Ann Intern Med, 2007, 146(4): 233-243.
14.	Staehr AK, Meyhoff CS, Rasmussen LS, et al. Inspiratory oxygen fraction and postoperative complications in obese patients: a subgroup analysis of the PROXI trial. Anesthesiology, 2011, 114(6): 1313-1319.
15.	Frietsch T, Karger R, Scholer M, et al. Leukodepletion of autologous whole blood has no impact on perioperative infection rate and length of hospital stay. Transfusion, 2008, 48(10): 2133-2142.
16.	Rosencher N, Kerkkamp HEM, Macheras G, et al. Orthopedic Surgery Transfusion Hemoglobin European Overview (OSTHEO) study: blood management in elective knee and hip arthroplasty in Europe. Transfusion, 2003, 43(4): 459-469.
17.	Lewelyn CA, Taylor RS, Todd AAM, et al. The effect of universal leukoreduction on postoperative infections and length of hospital stay in elective orthopedic and cardiac surgery. Transfusion, 2004, 44(4): 489-500.
18.	Jacobi J, Bircher N, Krinsley J, et al. Guidelines for the use of an insulin infusion for the management of hyperglycemia in critically ill patients. Crit Care Med, 2012, 40(12): 3251-3276.
19.	Qaseem A, Humphrey LL, Chou R, et al. Use of intensive insulin therapy for the management of glycemic control in hospitalized patients: a clinical practice guideline from the American College of Physicians. Ann Intern Med, 2011, 154(4): 260-267.
20.	Melling AC, Ali B, Scott EM, et al. Effects of preoperative warming on the incidence of wound infection after clean surgery: a randomised controlled trial. Lancet, 2001, 358(9285): 876-880.
21.	Belda FJ, Aguilera L, Alberti J, et al. Supplemental perioperative oxygen and the risk of surgical wound infection: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA, 2005, 294(16): 2035-2042.
22.	Darouiche RO, Wall MJ, Itani KM, et al. Chlorhexidine-alcohol versus povidone-iodine for surgical-site antisepsis. N Engl J Med, 2010, 362(1): 18-26.
23.	Carson JL, Grossman BJ, Kleinman S et al. Red blood cell transfusion: a clinical practice guideline from the AABB. Ann Intern Med, 2012, 157(1): 49-58.
24.	Allegranzi B, Zayed B, Bischoff P, et al. New WHO recommendations on intraoperative and postoperative measures for surgical site infection prevention: an evidence-based global perspective. Lancet Infect Dis, 2016, 16(12): 288-303.
25.	Hochberg MC, Altman RD, April KT, et al. American College of Rheumatology 2012 recommendations for the use of nonpharmacologic and pharmacologic therapies in osteoarthritis of the hand, hip, and knee. Arthritis Care Res, 2012, 64(4): 465-474.
26.	Falck-Ytter Y, Francis CW, Johanson NA, et al. Prevention of VTE in orthopedic surgery patients: antithrombotic therapy and prevention of thrombosis, 9th ed: American College of Chest Physicians Evidence-Based Clinical Practice Guidelines. Chest, 2012, 141(Suppl): 278S-325S.
27.	Jacobs JJ, Mont MA, Bozic KJ, et al. American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons clinical practice guideline on: preventing venous thromboembolic disease in patients undergoing elective hip and knee arthroplasty. J Bone Joint Surg Am, 2012, 94(8): 746-747.
28.	Hooper GJ, Rothwell AG, Frampton C, et al. Does the use of laminar flow and space suits reduce early deep infection after total hip and knee replacement?: the ten-year results of the New Zealand Joint Registry. J Bone Joint Surg Br, 2011, 93(1): 85-90.
29.	Trampuz A, Zimmerli W. Prosthetic joint infections: update in diagnosis and treatment. Swiss Med Wkly, 2005, 135(17-18): 243-251.
30.	Bischoff P, Kubilay NZ, Allegranzi B, et al. Effect of laminar airflow ventilation on surgical site infections: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet Infect Dis, 2017, 17(5): 553-561.
31.	衛生部. 《外科手術部位感染預防與控制技術指南(試行)》. 2010年11月衛辦醫政發〔2010〕187號印發.
32.	中華醫學會神經外科分會中國神經外科重癥患者感染診治專家共識(2017). 中華醫學雜志, 2017, 97(21): 1607-1614.
33.	中華醫學會外科學分會胰腺外科學組. 中國研究型醫院學會胰腺病專業委員會胰腺術后外科常見并發癥診治及預防的專家共識(2017). 中華外科雜志, 2017, 55(5): 328-334.
34.	中華醫學會婦產科分會產科學組. 剖宮產手術的專家共識. 中華婦產科雜志, 2014, 10(49): 721-772.

1. Leaper DJ, Edmiston CE. World Health Organization: global guidelines for the prevention of surgical site infection. J Hosp Infect, 2017, 95(2): 135-136.
2. Berríos-Torres SI, Umscheid CA, Bratzler DW, et al. Centers for disease control and prevention guideline for the prevention of surgical site infection, 2017. JAMA Surg, doi: 10.1001/ jamasurg.2017.0904.
3. European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control. Point prevalence survey of healthcare associated infections and antimicrobial use in European acute care hospitals. Stockholm: European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control, 2013. Available at: http://www.ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications/ Publications/Forms/ECDC_DispForm.aspx?ID=1155.
4. Anderson DJ, Podgorny K, Berríos-Torres SI. Strategies to prevent surgical site infections in acute care hospitals: 2014 update. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol, 2014, 35(6): 605-627.
5. Diener MK, Knebel P, Kieser M, et al. Antibiotic sutures against surgical site infections--Authors’ reply. Lancet, 2014, 384(9952): 1425-1426.
6. Biffi R, Fattori L, Bertani E, et al. Surgical site infections following colorectal cancer surgery: a randomized prospective trial comparing common and advanced antimicrobial dressing containing ionic silver. World J Surg Oncol, 2012, 10: 94.
7. Chan RP, Galas FR, Hajjar LA, et al. Intensive perioperative glucose control does not improve outcomes of patients submitted to open-heart surgery: a randomized controlled trial. Clinics, 2009, 64(1): 51-60.
8. Steinberg JP, Braun BI, Hellinger WC, et al. Timing of antimicrobial prophylaxis and the risk of surgical site infections: results from the trial to reduce antimicrobial prophylaxis errors. Ann Surg, 2009, 250(1): 10-16.
9. Kasteren ME, Mannien J, Ott A, et al. Antibiotic prophylaxis and the risk of surgical site infections following total hip arthroplasty: timely administration is the most important factor. Clin Infect Dis, 2007, 44(7): 921-927.
10. Bickel A, Gurevits M, Vamos R, et al. Perioperative hyperoxygenation and wound site infection following surgery for acute appendicitis: a randomized, prospective, controlled trial. Arch Surg, 2011, 146(4): 464-470.
11. Isik I, Selimen D, Senay S, et al. Efficiency of antibacterial suture material in cardiac surgery: a double-blind randomized prospective study. Heart Surg Forum, 2012, 15(1): 40-45.
12. Meyhoff CS, Wetterslev J, Jorgensen LN, et al. Effect of high perioperative oxygen fraction on surgical site infection and pulmonary complications after abdominal surgery The PROXI randomized clinical trial. JAMA, 2009, 302(14): 1543-1550.
13. Gandhi GY, Nuttall GA, Abel MD, et al. Intensive intraoperative insulin therapy versus conventional glucose management during cardiac surgery: a randomized trial. Ann Intern Med, 2007, 146(4): 233-243.
14. Staehr AK, Meyhoff CS, Rasmussen LS, et al. Inspiratory oxygen fraction and postoperative complications in obese patients: a subgroup analysis of the PROXI trial. Anesthesiology, 2011, 114(6): 1313-1319.
15. Frietsch T, Karger R, Scholer M, et al. Leukodepletion of autologous whole blood has no impact on perioperative infection rate and length of hospital stay. Transfusion, 2008, 48(10): 2133-2142.
16. Rosencher N, Kerkkamp HEM, Macheras G, et al. Orthopedic Surgery Transfusion Hemoglobin European Overview (OSTHEO) study: blood management in elective knee and hip arthroplasty in Europe. Transfusion, 2003, 43(4): 459-469.
17. Lewelyn CA, Taylor RS, Todd AAM, et al. The effect of universal leukoreduction on postoperative infections and length of hospital stay in elective orthopedic and cardiac surgery. Transfusion, 2004, 44(4): 489-500.
18. Jacobi J, Bircher N, Krinsley J, et al. Guidelines for the use of an insulin infusion for the management of hyperglycemia in critically ill patients. Crit Care Med, 2012, 40(12): 3251-3276.
19. Qaseem A, Humphrey LL, Chou R, et al. Use of intensive insulin therapy for the management of glycemic control in hospitalized patients: a clinical practice guideline from the American College of Physicians. Ann Intern Med, 2011, 154(4): 260-267.
20. Melling AC, Ali B, Scott EM, et al. Effects of preoperative warming on the incidence of wound infection after clean surgery: a randomised controlled trial. Lancet, 2001, 358(9285): 876-880.
21. Belda FJ, Aguilera L, Alberti J, et al. Supplemental perioperative oxygen and the risk of surgical wound infection: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA, 2005, 294(16): 2035-2042.
22. Darouiche RO, Wall MJ, Itani KM, et al. Chlorhexidine-alcohol versus povidone-iodine for surgical-site antisepsis. N Engl J Med, 2010, 362(1): 18-26.
23. Carson JL, Grossman BJ, Kleinman S et al. Red blood cell transfusion: a clinical practice guideline from the AABB. Ann Intern Med, 2012, 157(1): 49-58.
24. Allegranzi B, Zayed B, Bischoff P, et al. New WHO recommendations on intraoperative and postoperative measures for surgical site infection prevention: an evidence-based global perspective. Lancet Infect Dis, 2016, 16(12): 288-303.
25. Hochberg MC, Altman RD, April KT, et al. American College of Rheumatology 2012 recommendations for the use of nonpharmacologic and pharmacologic therapies in osteoarthritis of the hand, hip, and knee. Arthritis Care Res, 2012, 64(4): 465-474.
26. Falck-Ytter Y, Francis CW, Johanson NA, et al. Prevention of VTE in orthopedic surgery patients: antithrombotic therapy and prevention of thrombosis, 9th ed: American College of Chest Physicians Evidence-Based Clinical Practice Guidelines. Chest, 2012, 141(Suppl): 278S-325S.
27. Jacobs JJ, Mont MA, Bozic KJ, et al. American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons clinical practice guideline on: preventing venous thromboembolic disease in patients undergoing elective hip and knee arthroplasty. J Bone Joint Surg Am, 2012, 94(8): 746-747.
28. Hooper GJ, Rothwell AG, Frampton C, et al. Does the use of laminar flow and space suits reduce early deep infection after total hip and knee replacement?: the ten-year results of the New Zealand Joint Registry. J Bone Joint Surg Br, 2011, 93(1): 85-90.
29. Trampuz A, Zimmerli W. Prosthetic joint infections: update in diagnosis and treatment. Swiss Med Wkly, 2005, 135(17-18): 243-251.
30. Bischoff P, Kubilay NZ, Allegranzi B, et al. Effect of laminar airflow ventilation on surgical site infections: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet Infect Dis, 2017, 17(5): 553-561.
31. 衛生部. 《外科手術部位感染預防與控制技術指南(試行)》. 2010年11月衛辦醫政發〔2010〕187號印發.
32. 中華醫學會神經外科分會中國神經外科重癥患者感染診治專家共識(2017). 中華醫學雜志, 2017, 97(21): 1607-1614.
33. 中華醫學會外科學分會胰腺外科學組. 中國研究型醫院學會胰腺病專業委員會胰腺術后外科常見并發癥診治及預防的專家共識(2017). 中華外科雜志, 2017, 55(5): 328-334.
34. 中華醫學會婦產科分會產科學組. 剖宮產手術的專家共識. 中華婦產科雜志, 2014, 10(49): 721-772.

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