A study on the classification of paroxysmal diseases and epilepsy seizures in Tibet_Journal of Epilepsy

Authors：

HE Shihua ^1,2 , ZHUO Ma ² ,  ZHAO Yuhua ^1,2 , YAN Jing ^1,2

1. Department of Medicine, Tibet University, Lhasa 850000, China;
2. Department of Neurology, the People's Hospital of Tibet Autonomous Region (TAR), Lhasa 850000, China;

Corresponding?author：

ZHAO Yuhua, Email: drolyang@163.com

Keywords：

Paroxysmal disease; Epilepsy; Altitude; Tibet

DOI：

10.7507/2096-0247.20200037

Video：

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Objective To analyze the types and characteristics of common paroxysmal diseases in order to improve the diagnosis of onset types and to analyze the related factors of epileptic seizures in Tibetan population.Methods 510 patients with paroxysmal diseases were enrolled in the Department of Neurology, People's Hospital of Tibet Autonomous Region from June 2013 to December 2018 and the video electroencephalogram (VEEG) data were analyzed.Results Among the 510 patients, there were 35 types of paroxysmal diseases, 335 cases (65.69%) of seizures and 86 cases (16.86%) of psychogenic non-epileptic seizures (PNES). There were significant differences in the incidence of seizures between male and female patients (P<0.05), the incidence of seizures were different at different altitude and the concentration of hemoglobin (P<0.05), the course of seizures was always more than 2 years (P<0.05), and the frequency and age of seizures were higher, but there were no significant difference, and epileptic patients in Tibet were more likely to be young adults (34.51%).Conclusions There are many kinds of paroxysmal diseases in Tibetan population, and epileptic seizures are the main type. There was a qualitative relationship between the incidence of epilepsy and altitude. The incidence of epilepsy didn’t increase along with the increase of hemoglobin, and the course of seizures was mostly more than 2 years.

Citation： HE Shihua, ZHUO Ma, ZHAO Yuhua, YAN Jing. A study on the classification of paroxysmal diseases and epilepsy seizures in Tibet. Journal of Epilepsy, 2020, 6(3): 210-214. doi: 10.7507/2096-0247.20200037 Copy

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4.	Auxéméry Y, Hubsch C, Fidelle G. Psychogenic non epileptic seizures: a review. Encephale, 2011, 37(2): 153-158.
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13.	Theodore WH, Spencer SS, Wiebe S, et al. Epilepsy in North America: a report prepared under the auspices of the globalcampaign against epilepsy, the International Bureau for Epilepsy, the International League Against Epilepsy, and the World Health Organization. Epilepsia, 2006, 47(10): 1700-1722.
14.	張濤, 趙玉華, 郝渝, 等. 拉薩地區腦卒中 464 例分析. 中華神經科雜志, 2015, 48(10): 861-865.
15.	于振華, 董紅, 毛德華, 等. 641 例腦囊蟲病致癲癇臨床分析. 中風與神經疾病雜志, 2003, (02): 75-77.
16.	黃華生, 韋仕榮, 潘鵬克, 等. 腦囊蟲病 75 例臨床分析. 廣西醫學, 2015, 37(11): 1671-1673+1676.
17.	次仁潘多. 西藏不同海拔高度世居藏族和移居人群高原適應不全的流行病學調查與分子機制研究. 西藏大學, 碩士學位論文, 2017.
18.	Frisancho AR. Developmental functional adaptation to high altitude: review. American Journalof human biology, 2013, 25(1): 151-168.
19.	Samantha L. Budda Mechanisms of neuronal damage in brain hypoxia/ischemia: focus on the role of mitochondrial calcium accumulation. Pharmacology & therapeutics, 1998, 80(2): 203-229.
20.	Busl KM. Hypoxic-ischemic brain injury: pathophysiology, neuropathology and mechanisms. Neuro Rehabilitation, 2010, 26(1): 5-13.
21.	Mehta SL, Kumari S, Mendelev N. Selenium preserves mitochondrial function, stimulates mitochondrial biogenesis, and reduces infarct volume after focal cerebral ischemia. BMC Neurosci, 2012, 13(1): 79.
22.	Bindokas VP, Lee CC, Colmers WF, et al. Changes in mitochondrial function resulting from synaptic activity in the rat hippocampal slice. J Neurosci, 1998, 18(12): 4570-4587.
23.	Blomgren K. Free radicals, mitochondria, and hypoxia-ischemia in the developing brain. Free radical biology & medicine, 2006, 40(3): 388-397.

1. 范杰, 徐海清, 閆福嶺. 癥狀學研究在發作性疾病中的診斷價值. 醫學綜述, 2012, 18(22): 3800-3802.
2. Stafstrom CE, Carmant L. Seizures and epilepsy: an overview for neuroscientists. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med, 2015, 5(6): a022426.
3. Avbersek A, Sisodiya S. Does the primary literature provide support for clinical signs used to distinguish psychogenic nonepileptic seizures from epileptic seizures? J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry, 2010, 81(7): 719-725.
4. Auxéméry Y, Hubsch C, Fidelle G. Psychogenic non epileptic seizures: a review. Encephale, 2011, 37(2): 153-158.
5. 武豫冬, 李志宏, 李瓊仙. 視頻腦電圖監測發作性疾病 1430 例臨床分析. 轉化醫學雜志, 2016, 5(1): 24-25+41.
6. Pourkalbassi D, Patel P. Conversion Disorder: The Brain's Way of Dealing with Psychological Conflicts. Case Report of a Patient with Non-epileptic Seizures. Cureus, 2019, 11: e3902.
7. 劉曉燕主編. 臨床腦電圖學. 第 2 版. 北京: 人民衛生出版社, 2017: 92-93.
8. Benbadis SR, O’Neill E, Tatum WO, et al. Outcome of prolonged video-EEG monitoring at a typical referral epilepsy center. Epilepsia, 2004, 45(9): 1150-1153.
9. 姚丹, 鄧星強. 探究 24 小時動態腦電圖在小兒癲癇診斷中的臨床應用. 中國婦幼健康研究, 2015, 4(5): 966-967.
10. 孟紅梅, 李娜, 崔俐, 等. 吉林省部分農村地區癲癇流行病學調查. 中風與神經疾病雜志, 2010, 27(12): 1108-1110.
11. 黃茂盛, 洪震, 曾軍, 等. 上海市金山區農村癲癎流行病學調查研究. 臨床神經電生理學雜志, 2001, (04): 196-198+205.
12. Forsgren L, Beghi E, Oun A, et al. The epidemiology of epilepsy in Europe-a systematic review. Eur J Neurol, 2005, 12(4): 245-253.
13. Theodore WH, Spencer SS, Wiebe S, et al. Epilepsy in North America: a report prepared under the auspices of the globalcampaign against epilepsy, the International Bureau for Epilepsy, the International League Against Epilepsy, and the World Health Organization. Epilepsia, 2006, 47(10): 1700-1722.
14. 張濤, 趙玉華, 郝渝, 等. 拉薩地區腦卒中 464 例分析. 中華神經科雜志, 2015, 48(10): 861-865.
15. 于振華, 董紅, 毛德華, 等. 641 例腦囊蟲病致癲癇臨床分析. 中風與神經疾病雜志, 2003, (02): 75-77.
16. 黃華生, 韋仕榮, 潘鵬克, 等. 腦囊蟲病 75 例臨床分析. 廣西醫學, 2015, 37(11): 1671-1673+1676.
17. 次仁潘多. 西藏不同海拔高度世居藏族和移居人群高原適應不全的流行病學調查與分子機制研究. 西藏大學, 碩士學位論文, 2017.
18. Frisancho AR. Developmental functional adaptation to high altitude: review. American Journalof human biology, 2013, 25(1): 151-168.
19. Samantha L. Budda Mechanisms of neuronal damage in brain hypoxia/ischemia: focus on the role of mitochondrial calcium accumulation. Pharmacology & therapeutics, 1998, 80(2): 203-229.
20. Busl KM. Hypoxic-ischemic brain injury: pathophysiology, neuropathology and mechanisms. Neuro Rehabilitation, 2010, 26(1): 5-13.
21. Mehta SL, Kumari S, Mendelev N. Selenium preserves mitochondrial function, stimulates mitochondrial biogenesis, and reduces infarct volume after focal cerebral ischemia. BMC Neurosci, 2012, 13(1): 79.
22. Bindokas VP, Lee CC, Colmers WF, et al. Changes in mitochondrial function resulting from synaptic activity in the rat hippocampal slice. J Neurosci, 1998, 18(12): 4570-4587.
23. Blomgren K. Free radicals, mitochondria, and hypoxia-ischemia in the developing brain. Free radical biology & medicine, 2006, 40(3): 388-397.

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A study on the classification of paroxysmal diseases and epilepsy seizures in Tibet

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