【摘要】 目的 了解新護士的心理健康狀況及應付方式。 方法 采用心理衛生自評量表（SCL-90）和應付方式量表對2008年1月-2009年12月新上崗的64名護士進行測查。 結果 新護士強迫癥狀、抑郁、焦慮、敵對、恐怖、偏執、精神病性因子分、總均分及陽性項目數與全國常模比較偏高，差異有統計學意義（P lt;0.05）；SCL-90陽性者與陰性者應付方式比較，陽性者自責、幻想、退避、合理化因子均分均高于陰性者，差異有統計學意義（P lt;0.01）；新護士應付方式各因子均分、退避、幻想、自責因子均高于吳超等人的研究（P lt;0.05）。 結論 新護士心理健康狀況低于一般人群；較其他年齡段護士更多采用不成熟應付方式；成熟應付方式有益心理健康。護理管理者應重視新護士心理健康，引導新護士多采取成熟應付方式，提高心理健康水平。
【Abstract】 Objective To evaluate the psychological states of new nurses and their coping styles. Methods Sixty-four nurses starting work between January 2008 and October 2009 in our hospital were investigated by Symptom Checklist 90 (SCL-90) and Coping Style Questionnaire. Results The scores of compulsion and mental disorder, average score, and the number of positive items were statistically higher than the national norm of China (P lt;0.001). The scores of athymia, anxiety, hostility, and phobia factors were higher than the national norm (P lt;0.01). The score of paranoid factor was also statistically higher than the national norm (P lt;0.05). Based on the results of SCL-90, we found that the scores of factors of self-accusation, fantasy, back-off (P lt;0.05) and the factor of rationalization (P lt;0.01) in the positive group were significantly higher than those of the negative group. Compared with the result of the research made by WU Chao and his colleges, the average scores of such factors as back-off (P lt;0.001), fantasy (P lt;0.01) and self-accusation (P lt;0.05) were statistically higher in the study group than those in the control group. Conclusion The psychological states of new nurses are worse than the general population. Compared with older nurses, new nurses are more inclined to use immature coping styles. Mature coping styles are favorable to their psychological states. The nursing regulators should pay more attention to the psychological states of new nurses and guide them to use mature coping styles to improve their psychological states.
Citation： WANG Haiyan,YANG Xinghua,CHEN Ke,ZHU Tao,PU Xiachun,CHEN Bojiang. Analysis of Psychological States of New Nurses and Their Coping Styles. West China Medical Journal, 2011, 26(3): 457-459. doi: Copy
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