【摘要】 目的 建立血液中乙醇的直接稀釋-填充柱氣相色譜測定法，將其與現行推薦方法GA/T105-1995進行對比，同時對不同采血管對乙醇含量的影響進行研究。 方法 使用GDX-102填充柱作為分析柱，柱溫160 ℃，汽化室190 ℃，檢測器（FID）190 ℃；用1 mg/mL正丙醇溶液稀釋血液50倍，經離心后，取上清液1 μL進樣測定。 結果 本法回收率91.2%~105.7%，與GA/T105-1995推薦方法測定結果最大相對誤差為7.1%，血液保存于非抗凝管的血醇濃度比抗凝管稍高。 結論 該法適用于血液中乙醇含量的測定，樣品處理更簡便。不同采血管對血醇含量有一定影響，綜合考慮各因素后建議使用枸櫞酸鈉抗凝管作為采血管。【Abstract】 Objective To establish a direct dilution-gas chromatographic method for the determination of ethanol in blood, compare the method with GA/T105-1995 recommendation method, and study the effects of blood tubes with different anticoagulants on the ethanol contents. Methods GDX-102 packed column was used as separation column with an oven temperature of 160 ℃, an injector temperature of 190 ℃ and a flame ionization detector temperature of 190 ℃. Normal propanol solution at 1 mg/mL was adopted to dilute the samples with a volume 50 times of the propanol solution. After being centrifuged, 1ul of the supernatant liquid was injected for analysis. Results The recovery rate of the method was between 91.2% and 105.7%. The deviation of the method with GA/T105-1995 recommendation method was less than 7.1%. The concentration of blood ethanol preserved in the non-anticoagulant tubes was a little higher than that preserved in the anticoagulant tubes. Conclusions The method can be used for the determination of ethanol content in blood. Compared with GA/T105-1995 recommendation method, the sample treatment of this method is much simpler. And the blood tubes with different anticoagulants have influences on the ethanol contents. It is recommended that blood tubes with sodium citrate as anticoagulant can be used for blood sampling and preservers.
【摘要】 目的 觀察在不同劑量乙醇作用下大鼠下丘腦和脊髓神經細胞P物質的表達情況和掃描電子顯微鏡（SEM）下神經細胞的形態學變化，探討乙醇作用下大鼠行為學改變的相關機制。 方法 通過福爾馬林實驗觀察大鼠在不同劑量乙醇及時間作用下行為學的改變；采用免疫組織化學技術檢測不同劑量乙醇作用下大鼠脊髓和下丘腦神經細胞中P物質的表達，通過掃描電子顯微鏡觀察神經細胞的形態學變化。 結果 乙醇灌胃后0～2 h大鼠舔足次數有不同程度的變化，組間比較差異有統計學意義（Plt;0.05），灌胃2 h大鼠下丘腦和脊髓P物質表達程度與乙醇劑量有相關關系，掃描電子顯微鏡下各組大鼠的神經細胞形態學變化顯著。 結論 急性乙醇中毒可引起大鼠對疼痛反應的變化，其程度與乙醇劑量和作用時間有關，大鼠下丘腦和脊髓神經細胞中P物質的表達強度與乙醇劑量和作用時間有關。【Abstract】 Objective To observe the expression of substance P(SP)in the hypothalamus and spinal cord nerve cells of rats with different concentrations of ethanol, and to observe the morphological changes of nerve cells by scanning electron microscopic(SEM) for elucidating the mechanism of ethological changes effected with ethanol. Methods Ethological changes were detected through the formalin test; SP expressions in the hypothalamus and the spinal cord were evaluated with immunohistochemistry technology, and the morphological changes of nerve cells were observed by SEM. Results The frequency of licking foot changed when the rats were gavaged with different concentrations of ethanol among zero to two hours, the difference between two groups was statistical signifcant (Plt;0.05). The expression level of SP and the morphological changes of nerve cells in hypothalamus and spinal cord had relationship with the ethanol concentration. Conclusions Acute alcoholism could cause pain dysfunction in rats. The frequency of licking foot of rats is correlated to the role of the time closely. The expression intensity of SP in the hypothalamus and the spinal cord nerve cells are correlated to the concentration of ethanol closely.
