Health poverty alleviation is an important practice in implementing the basic strategy of precision poverty alleviation. It is also an important measure to win the battle against poverty in rural areas. Through the investigation of local medical and health conditions, West China Hospital of Sichuan University built a demand-oriented framework for medical poverty alleviation in Ganzi Prefecture, and gradually carried out precision top-level design, discipline construction, technical training, talent training, endemic disease prevention and control; through establishinga regional medical cooperation network, built featured specialies, built the backbone of medical and health forces, achieved the prevention of endemic diseases throughout life cycle, and improved the overall medical and health service capacity of Ganzi Prefecture. This article introduces the exploration and practice of the demand-oriented model in Ganzi Prefecture by West China Hospital of Sichuan University, aiming at providing a guide for the precision health poverty alleviation in China.
ObjectiveTo investigate the factors that influence Chinese residents, self-rated health and the effects of the multilevel health insurance system and neighborhood social capital on self-rated health. MethodsBased on the 2018 China labor-force dynamics survey data, and Stata 15.0 software was used to conduct χ2 test, univariate analysis and multiple logistic regression model were used to analyze the influencing factors of self-rated health of Chinese residents. An interaction model was used to analyze the interactive effects of the multilevel health insurance system and the social capital of the neighborhood on self-rated health. ResultsA total of 10 201 people were investigated in this study, and 39.20% of them were self-rated unhealthy. After adjusting for confounders, the results of the multivariate logistic regression model showed that having social health insurance (OR=0.8, 95%CI 0.7 to 1.0) and having neighborhood social capital (OR=0.7, 95%CI 0.6 to 0.8) were more inclined to self-rated health. In addition, the results showed that being male, having a college degree or higher, having a job, and drinking alcohol increased the risk of self-rated unhealthy (P<0.05); whereas being 45-59 years of age, 60 years of age or older, in the central and western regions, exercising regularly, and having a disease or injury within two weeks decreased the risk of self-rated unhealthy (P<0.05). There was a positive multiplicative interaction effect between health insurance and neighborhood social capital on residents’ self-rated health (univariate: OR=1.5, 95%CI 1.1 to 3.7, P<0.05; multivariate: OR=1.7, 95%CI 1.2 to 2.4, P<0.05), and negative additive interactions (RERI=?0.8, 95%CI ?1.4 to ?0.1; AP=?0.3, 95%CI ?0.6 to ?0.1; SI=0.6, 95%CI 0.5 to 0.8). ConclusionAttention should be paid to the self-rated health status of key populations through means such as health promotion and education, and healthy behavior lifestyles should be promoted. The health insurance system should be further improved, and attention should be paid to the role of social capital in the neighborhood, encouraging residents to actively build a good social neighborhood, and realizing the coordinated development of the multilevel health insurance system and the social capital in the neighborhood.
ObjectiveTo discuss the impact of health education for the patients with decompensated cirrhosis and their family members on patients' family life quality, psychological conditions, medication compliance, and re-admission rates.
MethodsWe selected 100 decompensated cirrhosis patients between December 2012 and December 2013, and randomized them into two groups with 50 patients in each. One week prior to discharge, we conducted a comprehensive nursing assessment for the patients and developed hospital care regimen. Patients were followed up after discharge for six months. The control group underwent routine health education and extended care, while the experimental group had an addition of health education and extended care intervention on their family members.
ResultsAnxiety and depression were alleviated in both the two groups. The psychological conditions of patients in the experimental group were significantly better than the control group (P<0.01). The total scores of quality of life was significantly different compared with the scores before intervention (P<0.01). Medication compliance improved more significantly in the experimental group after intervention (P<0.05). Re-admission rates decreased more significantly in the experimental group than the control group (P<0.01).
ConclusionHealth education and extended care intervention for patients and their family members can improve patients' psychological conditions, promote medication compliance, reduce readmission rates, and improve patients' quality of family life.
The increasing need for healthcare services in rural areas cannot be satisfied because of the lack of healthcare professionals, and poor medical education and training. These result in the low competency of rural healthcare workers. Therefore, the medical education system needs to be reformed in order to improve healthcare human resources in rural areas.
Objective To investigate baseline data of the current status of patients in China, and thus to develop strategies to get patients involved in evidence-based medicine (EBM). Method 300 questionnaires with 17 questions were distributed to the in-patients in West China Hospital, Sichuan University. Statistical software such as SPASS 10. 0 was applied to analyze all the data. Results No patients had ever heard of EBM. Most patients did not know much information about their diseases, but had a b desire to learn from their doctors. Most of them would like to be involved in the treatment decision-making and hoped that their doctors would care about their preference. The cost and the effectiveness of the treatment were the most important issues that patient concerned about. Conclusions The dissemination of health information is very limited for patients and the accessibility of effective health information depends much on the direct communication with their doctors. Promoting patient involved in EBM is fairly a hard and long way to go based on the actual reality of the country.
ObjectiveTo investigate the psychological status and its influencing factors of hospital staff during the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), and provide a reference for psychological intervention strategies for hospital staff in public health emergencies.MethodsIn this cross-sectional study, we investigated the staff of Mianzhu People’s Hospital through an anonymous questionnaire survey sent through WeChat group from February 13th to 18th, 2020, to analyze the psychological situation and influencing factors of the on-the-job staff. SPSS 22.0 software was used for statistical analysis.ResultsAmong the 1 115 staff members who met the inclusion criteria, 951 completed the questionnaire, with a response rate of 85.3%. There were 945 valid questionnaires, with an effective response rate of 84.8%. A total of 224 staff members (23.7%) had mental health problems. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the total scores of social support [odds ratio (OR)=0.869, 95% confidence interval (CI) (0.805, 0.938), P<0.001] and the total scores of stress coping strategies [OR=0.685, 95%CI (0.607, 0.772), P<0.001] were protective factors of psychological status, while having kids [OR=1.607, 95%CI (1.084, 2.382), P=0.018] and the position being logistic worker [OR=2.229, 95%CI (1.326, 3.746), P=0.002] were risk factors of psychological status.ConclusionsDuring the outbreak of COVID-19, mental health problems emerged among the staff of designated medical treatment hospital. When a public health emergency occurs, hospitals and relevant departments should take psychological intervention measures as soon as possible to ensure the work of epidemic prevention and control.
