Objectives
This study aims to examine the possible association between C-reactive protein (CRP) concentration and cognitive impairment in patients with post-stroke epilepsy.
Methods
Patients with post-stroke epilepsy admitted to Western China Hospital from January 2010 to June 2016 were consecutively enrolled in our study. CRP levels were assessed within one week of stroke onset, and then correlated with cognitive status assessed two years after stroke using the Six-Item Screener.
Results
Among the 96 patients with post-stroke epilepsy who included in our study, 24 patients were found to have cognitive impairment during the two years follow-up period. Our data showed a significant association between CRP levels and cognitive performance in these patients (31.5±36.2 vs. 11.9±19.4, P=0.029). In addition, this association persisted even after adjusting for potential confounders［OR=1.021, 95%CI (0.997, 1.206), P=0.037］.
Conclusions
Following ischemic stroke, higher CRP levels is associated with subsequent cognitive decline in patients with epilepsy. Association and prospective studies in larger sample size are needed in order to validate our findings, especially studies in which baseline CRP level and CRP level during follow-up are closely monitored.
Cryptogenic stroke (CS) accounts for 25% of ischemic stroke. The etiology of undetermined stroke is unclear leading to untargeted secondary prevention, high recurrence rate, so the clinical burden of cryptogenic stroke is substantial. Cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging can identify more occult cardiac embolism that cannot be identified by standard cardiac assessment based on its excellent spatial resolution and contrast, three-dimensional imaging capacity and ability to depict soft tissues, to accelerate the initiation of optimal secondary prevention and improve the prognosis of patients. This review summarizes the application of CMR in the field of CS in recent years. Based on the latest evidence of diagnosis and management strategies, this paper proposes a cardiac diagnostic examination plan for CS patients, thereby improving the secondary prevention strategy of CS patients and improving their quality of life.
Objective To investigate the etiology, clinical characteristics, diagnosis and treatment of abdominal apoplexy, arousing clinic doctors’ attention to this disease. Methods Two hundred and thirty-two domestic cases with abdominal apoplexy were analyzed retrospectively and related literatures in and abroad were reviewed. Results Abdominal apoplexy occured mainly patients aged 45 to 70 years in China and 50 to 59 years abroad. It was more common in women than in men, and male to female ratio was 1 to 1.4 in China and 1 to 2.5 abroad. There were various etiological factors to this disease. It was usually abrupt, with complicated clinical manifestation. The main symptoms were abdominal pain and hemorrhagic shock with nauseat, vomiting and diarrhea. Preoperative diagnosis rate of abdominal apoplexy was very low, literatures showed only 1.7% in China and 2.3% abroad. There was no particular evaluation approach. Abdominal cavity puncture, combined with CT, ultrasound, MRI and selective abdominal angiography helped to raise diagnosis rate. Overall postoperative mortality was 7.3%. In 7.8% cases, no bleeding site could be found during laparotomy, and the mortality rate was 41.2%. Conclusion Abdominal apoplexy is rarely seen in clinic with low preoperative diagnosis rate and poor prognosis. The first choice management is exploratory laparotomy, and the key is to ligate ruptured vessels.
ObjectiveTo systematically review the effectiveness and safety of argatroban for patients with acute ischemic stroke.
MethodsPubMed (1966 to 2013.12), EMbase (1966 to 2013.12), CENTRAL (2013.12), CBM (1978 to 2013.12), VIP (1989 to 2013.12), CNKI (1980 to 2013.12) and CDFD (for masters and Phds, 1999 to 2013.12) were electronically searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on argatroban for patients with acute ischemic stroke. Meanwhile, relevant data were retrieved by hand search and the data from pharmaceutical factories (TIPR Pharmaceutical Responsible Co. Ltd) were collected. Two reviewers independently screened literature, extracted data, and assessed the methodological quality of the included studies. Then, meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.2 software.
ResultsA total of 11 RCTs involving 889 patients were finally included. The results of meta-analysis showed that the argatroban group was better than the control group in improving patients' neurologic impairment scores (SMD=0.71, 95%CI 0.56 to 0.88, P < 0.000 01), and the effectiveness of neurological function (total result:OR=2.65, 95%CI 1.84 to 3.80, P < 0.000 01; placebo-controlled trial:OR=2.18, 95%CI 1.27 to 3.72, P=0.004; non-placebo-controlled trial:OR=3.09, 95%CI 1.89 to 5.06, P < 0.000 01), all with significant differences. No significant difference was found between the argatroban group and the control group in the long/short-term motilities or dependence rates as well as in the incidence of adverse reaction (OR=1.55, 95%CI 0.60 to 4.01, P=0.37).
ConclusionCurrent evidence shows that argatroban could improve neurologic impairment of patients with acute ischemic stroke without severe bleeding events or other adverse reaction. However, further studies are needed to confirm its effects on reducing rates of death and disability in treating acute ischemic stroke.
卒中后癲癇（Post-stroke epilepsy，PSE）是指繼發于腦卒中的癲癇發作且既往無癲癇發作史，其病因包括出血性腦卒中和缺血性腦卒中。雖然缺血性 PSE 的發生率低于出血性腦卒中，但由于缺血性卒中患病率遠高于出血性腦卒中，從而缺血性 PSE 患者也多于出血性 PSE 患者。作為腦卒中的常見并發癥，卒中后早期癲癇發作會加重腦組織損傷，直接影響患者預后。為了研究缺血性 PSE 的發病機制，制定合理的治療方案，構建了各種動物模型。文章就缺血性 PSE 動物模型研究進展進行綜述。
【摘要】 目的 探討在基層醫院建立腦卒中單元模式的臨床意義。 方法 將2006年1-3月和2007年同期共381例腦卒中患者分為腦卒中單元組和普通病房組。腦卒中單元組按照腦卒中單元模式進行治療，普通病房組按照傳統方法治療，分別于治療前、治療后7、15、30 d時，對比分析兩組患者神經功能缺損及療效。 結果 腦卒中單元組和普通病房組治療后，隨時間兩組的神經功能缺損評分（NIHSS）均逐漸降低，兩組在治療后15、30 d時差異有統計學意義（P=0.007），腦卒中單元組家屬滿意度明顯高于普通病房組（P=0.002）。 結論 在基層醫院腦卒中單元模式對腦卒中患者的治療效果明顯優于傳統治療。【Abstract】 Objective To investigate the clinical significance of setting up stroke unit model in basic hospital. Methods Three hundreds and eighty-one stroke patients were randomly divided into stroke unit group (n=186) and general ward group (n=189). The stroke unit group patients were treated with the stroke unit model designed by ourselves, while the control group patients were treated with traditional method, The clinical efficacy was compared before treatment, seven days, 15 days and 30 days after treatment. Results Improvement in neurological score was significantly better among patients treated in the SU than in the GW. NIHSS scores gradually reduce in the both groups after treatment, which were significantly lower than those in the control group on 15 days and 30 days after treatment(P=0.007,0.004). The satisfactory of relatives in the stroke unit group was better than that in the general ward group(P=0.002). Conclusion The efficacy of treatment with stroke unit model was better than that of treatment with traditional method in the stroke patients.
Objectives To assess the efficacy and safety of cytidine diphosphate choline for patients with acute stroke. Methods Such databases as PubMed, The Cochrane Library, EMbase, Web of Science, CNKI, VIP Database and Chinese Medical Association Journals were searched from the establishment to September of 2010, and the references of the included literatures were also searched to collect randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of cytidine diphosphate choline for patients with acute stroke. The data were extracted by two reviewers independently in accordance with the inclusion criteria. The quality of included trials was evaluated according to the Jadad scale standard. RevMan5.0 software was used for data analyses. Results Thirteen RCTs involving 2837 patients were included. The results of meta-analyses showed that, there was no significant difference in the mortality or the rate of dependency at the end of follow-up (OR=0.94, 95%CI 0.66 to 1.36, P=0.75) between the cytidine diphosphate choline group and the placebo group. But the total effective rate of the cytidine diphosphate choline group was higher than that of the placebo group with a significant difference (OR=1.72, 95%CI 1.41 to 2.10, Plt;0.000 01). Five trials reported the incidence of adverse reaction of cytidine diphosphate choline treatment which showed the adverse reaction was mild; no severe adverse events (SAEs) were reported and the clinical application was safe. Conclusion The cytidine diphosphate choline is effective and safe for acute stroke. However, it is invalid to reduce the mortality and the rate of dependency at the end of three months’ follow-up.
ObjectiveTo review the recent research progress of different types of stem cells in the treatment of ischemic stroke.MethodsBy searching the PubMed database, a systematic review had been carried out for the results of applying different types of stem cells in the treatment of ischemic stroke between 2000 and 2020.ResultsStem cells can be transplanted via intracranial, intravascular, cerebrospinal fluid, and intranasal route in the treatment of ischemic stroke. Paracrine and cell replacement are the two major mechanisms of the therapy. The researches have mainly focused on utilization of neural stem cells, embryonic stem cells, and mesenchymal stem cells. Each has its own advantages and disadvantages in terms of capability of migration, survival rate, and safety. Certain stem cell therapies have completed phase one clinical trial.ConclusionStem cells transplantation is feasible and has a great potential for the treatment of ischemic stroke, albeit that certain obstacles, including the selection of stem cells, transplantation strategy, migration ability, survival rate, still wait to be solved.
