【摘要】 目的 探討在恥骨后前列腺癌根治術中尿控功能和性功能保護的手術技巧和療效。 方法 2001年8月-2010年1月,行恥骨后前列腺癌根治術21例,其中2例經腹腔鏡。所有患者均早期控制縫扎背靜脈復合體,并妥善處理前列腺尖和尿道。21例通過保護控尿神經、尿道橫紋括約肌,保護了尿控功能;17例通過保留神經血管束技術(12例保留雙側,5例保留一側)保護性功能。 結果 手術均成功完成,無圍手術期嚴重并發癥。2周拔出尿管后,排尿通暢,無尿道狹窄。術后3、12個月內恢復尿控能力患者分別為6、13例,持續性輕-中度尿失禁2例。21例患者中,術前勃起功能正常;術中保留神經血管束17例,術后3、12個月內勃起功能恢復分別為2、8例,4例勃起功能減弱,3例不能勃起。術后病理報告均為前列腺癌,未侵及精囊、膀胱頸、雙側淋巴結陰性。后尿道切緣陽性1例。術后6、24、54個月各有1例出現生化復發。 結論 手術精細解剖并注意技巧,可有效保護尿控功能和性功能,并達到腫瘤根治的療效。【Abstract】 Objective To evaluate the surgical technique for the protection of urinary continence and erectile function in radical prostatectomy for prostate cancer and observe its clinical efficacy. Methods Twenty-one patients with prostate cancer had undergone radical prostatectomy during August 2001 to January 2010, in which two patients were operated through extraperitoneal laparoscope. Dorsal vein complex was sewed and ligated at early stage of surgery and prostate apex along with urethra were appropriately handled in all patients. By a serial measures consisting of protection for continence nerve and striated urethral sphincter, the function of urinary continence was managed to be spared in twenty-one patients, erectile function was managed to be spared through reservation of neurovascular bundle in seventeen patients (Bilateral neurovascular bundles were reserved in twelve patients, unilateral neurovascular bundle was reserved in five patients). Results All surgeries were successful without severe perioperative complications. The catheters were removed fourteen days after surgery in all patients, and it was observed that micturition was fluent in twenty-one patients. Functional recovery of urinary continence occurred within three months after surgery in six patients and twleve months in thirteen patients, continuous mild-moderate incontinece occurred in two patients. Erectile function was normal before surgery and neurovascular bundle was reserved during surgery in seventeen patients. The recovery of erectile function occurred within three months after surgery in two patients and twelve months in eight patients, erectile function was impaired in four patients, erectile dysfunction occurred in three patients, pathological diagnosis indicated prostate adenocarcinoma in all cases, while seminal vesicle and bladder neck were not invaded and bilateral pelvic lymph nodes were not metastasized, moreover, the pathological diagnosis of resected edge of posterior urethra was positive in one patient. One patient of bio-chemical recurrence occurred respectively within six months, twenty-four months and fifty-four months after surgery. Conclusion During radical prostatectomy for prostate cancer, delicately anatomizing and appropriate surgical technique could effectively protect erectile function and urinary continence and consequently achieve radical resection of tumor at the same time.
摘要:目的: 隨機對照研究、評估生物反饋訓練治療慢性功能性便秘的療效。 方法 : 60例慢性功能性便秘患者,隨機分為治療組30例和對照組30例。治療組接受1個療程(5周)生物反饋訓練治療(10次為一個療程、一次30~45分鐘、每周2次)。對照組患者接受聚乙二醇4000 10g BID 口服,療程5周。治療前后作便秘癥狀評分、結腸通過試驗檢測、直腸肛門壓力檢測。 結果 : 生物反饋訓練和聚乙二醇4000均可使多數慢性功能性便秘患者的大便次數、大便性狀及伴隨癥狀恢復正常或緩解,總有效率分別為667%和80%(P >005)。生物反饋訓練和聚乙二醇4000口服治療后,結腸通過試驗72小時標志物排出率分別為75%及73%,均較治療前明顯增加。生物反饋訓練治療后力排時肛門壓明顯下降。 結論 : 生物反饋訓練對出口梗阻型、慢傳輸型便秘均有效,是一種有效的、新興的治療慢性功能性便秘的方法,可作為功能性便秘的一線治療方法。Abstract: Objective: To assess the clinic effect of biofeedback therapy for functional constipation. Methods : Sixty cases of chronic functional constipation were randomly divided into treatment group (30 cases) and control group (30 cases). Cases in the treatment group were exposed to biofeedback for a fiveweeklong treatment course—individual treatment lasted for 3045 minutes and twice per week. Patients in the control group received PEG 4000 10g BID for five weeks. Data from constipation symptom score, colonic transit test, and anorectal manometry were done and compared before and after two kinds of treatments. Results : Biofeedback training and PEG 4000 could restore the stoolfrequency, stool characteristics and accompanying symptoms to normal or mitigation of the majority of patients with chronic functional constipation, with the total effective rates being 667% and 80% (P gt;005), respectively. After biofeedback training and PGE 4000 treatment, the discharge rate of 72hour markers of colonic transit test significantly increased to 75% and 73%, respectively. Additionally, anorectal pressure decreased dramatically after biofeedback training. Conclusion : Biofeedback training would play a positive role in outlet obstruction and slow transit constipation. Thus, it could be an effective firstline treatment of chronic functional constipation.