Objective
To detect the concentration of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in plasma and intraocular liquid (aqueous humor and vitreous body) in patients with deabetic retinopathy (DR) and the role VEGF plays in the development of DR.
Methods
The concentrations of VEGF in plasma, aqueous humor and vitreous body in DR and normal group were detected by ELISA.
Results
The concentration of VEGF in plasma was (34.47plusmn;1.76) pg/ml in non-DR group, (53.93plusmn;3.08) pg/ml in single DR group, (53.36plusmn;3.28) pg/ml in proliferative DR group, and (178.30plusmn;10.13) pg/ml in control group. There was no significant difference in the normal and the experimental groups (P＜0.05). The concentration of VEGF in aqueous humor was (184.8plusmn;12.60) pg/ml in proliferative DR group and (90.06plusmn;8.32) pg/ml in the control group, and there was significant difference between them (P＜0.05). The concentration of VEGF in vitreous body was (741.70plusmn;92.02) pg/ml in proliferative DR group and (94.38plusmn;21.21) pg/ml in the control group, and there was significantdifference between them (P＜0.05). There was no correlation of VEGF concentration in plasma and that in aqueous humor and vitreous respectively(P＞0.05), and positive correlation of VEGF concentration was found in vitreous body and HbA1c (r=0.9067,P＜0.01).
Conclusions
Concentration of VEGF in plasma in patients with DR is lower than that in the normal persons,but not correlated with the concentration of VEGF in aqueous humor and vitreousbody. The concentration of VEGF in aqueous humor and vitreous body increase in patients with proliferative DR, and the increase in vitreous body and the value of HbA1c of the patients correlate.
(Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis，2004，20：343-345)
Objective To observe the levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1) in aqueous humor of patients with macular edema secondary to central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO). Methods Forty eyes of 40 consecutive patients with macular edema secondary to CRVO (CRVO group) were enrolled in this study. The patients included 25 males and 15 females. The patient age ranged from 38 to 76 years. The control group was 20 patients with senile cataract who underwent phacoemulsification, including 10 males and 10 females. The levels of VEGF165, VEGF165b, IL-6 and MCP-1 in aqueous humor were determined by enzymelinked immunosorbent assay. The correlation of VEGF, and IL-6, and MCP-1 were analyzed. Results The median aqueous level of VEGF165, IL-6 and MCP-1 were 1089.0, 165.6, 1253.0 pg/ml respectively in CRVO group, which were higher than the control group's results (168.2, 4.7, 216.4 pg/ml respectively), the differences were statistically significant (Z=-4.549, -6.008, -5.343;P＜0.001). The VEGF165b in CRVO group and control group were 834.0, 915.9 pg/ml respectively, the difference was not statistically significant (Z=-0.207，P＞0.05). The ratio of VEGF165b to VEGF165 in CRVO group and control group were 2.71, 7.28 respectively, the difference was statistically significant (t=-3.007，P＜0.05). There was a highly positive correlation between IL-6 and VEGF in CRVO group (r=0.526,P=0.001) and also mild positive correlation in control group (r=0.425，P=0.070). No correlation between MCP-1 and VEGF was observed in both groups (CRVO group: r=0.211,P＞0.05. Control group: r=-0.019,P＞0.05). Conclusions VEGF165, IL-6 and MCP-1 levels were increased in CRVO patients while the VEGF165b was normal. The ratio between VEGF165b and VEGF165 in aqueous humor of patients with macular edema secondary to CRVO was decreased.
A set of device for the in vivo measurement of the pressure difference between the anterior and the posterior chambers (PDAP) was designed to investigate the temporal varying rules of PDAP in the anterior segment of rabbit eyes. A platform was established for the in vivo measurement of PDPA according to the mechanism of joint implement. Rabbit models with high intraocular pressure (IOP) were constructed by means of injecting Carbomer into anterior chamber to increase IOP. The in vivo 24 hours continuous measurements of PDAP were performed for normal rabbit eye and eye with high IOP. The developed device could sensitively response to the small pressure difference in eye. The pressure difference in the normal rabbit eye varied with time, and the variation range during a whole day was 5.84–96.84 Pa which reflected the existence of physiological rule. For the rabbit eye with high IOP, pressure in anterior chamber was higher than that in posterior chamber which was in consistence with the theory of self-adaptation adjustment. The present study indicates that the approaches and device designed in this paper can well implement the measurement of PDAP as well as the temporal varying rules of PDAP in the anterior segment during a whole day.
ObjectiveTo observe the safety and efficacy of regime that based on aqueous cytomegalovirus-DNA (CMV-DNA) load and IL-8 determination for therapeutic monitoring and local treatment cessation of cytomegalovirus retinitis (CMVR) patients after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT).MethodsA prospective case series study. A total of 14 CMVR patients (22 eyes) after allogeneic HSCT diagnosed in Ophthalmology Department of Peking University People's Hospital between January 2016 and December 2018 were involved in this study. All patients were CMV-DNA seronegative at baseline and were treated with intravitreous injection of ganciclovir (IVG, 3 mg in 0.05 ml) twice per week for 4 times in the induction stage and once a week in the maintenance stage. Aqueous humor sample was collected during the first time of IVG every week. CMV-DNA and the level of IL-8 were measured by real time quantitative PCR and ELISA, respectively. During follow-up, negative CMV-DNA (＜103/ml) or level of IL-8＜30 pg/ml in aqueous sample was set as local treatment cessation. Then patients were followed every 2 weeks for at least 6 months. BCVA, intraocular pressure and fundus examination were taken for each visit. The BCVA examination was performed using the international standard visual acuity chart, which was converted into logMAR visual acuity. BCVA and intraocular pressure at the baseline and the last follow-up were compared by the Student t matching test.ResultsOf the 14 CMVR patients (22 eyes) after allogeneic HSCT, 8 patients (16 eyes) were bilateral, 6 patients (6 eyes) were unilateral. At the baseline, the mean logMAR BCVA was 0.814±0.563, the intraocular pressure was 17.2±7.8 mmHg (1 mmHg=0.133 kPa), the mean aqueous CMV-DNA load was (3.43±4.96)×105/ml, the mean level of IL-8 was 518±541 pg/ml. At cessation of local treatment, the median number of intravitreal injections was 5 times. Nine eyes showed negative CMV-DNA in aqueous humor, of which, 7 eyes showed negative IL-8 in aqueous. CMV-DNA could still be detected in 13 eyes, while IL-8 was negative. Only one eye’s retinal lesion was completely quiet. Six months after local treatment cessation, the mean logMAR BCVA was 0.812±0.691, the intraocular pressure was 14.8±5.4 mmHg; which was not significantly different from baseline (t=-0.107, 1.517; P=0.916, 0.137). Recurrence of CMVR happened in only 1 eye because of systemic EB virus infection. Retinal lesions progressively improved and became completely quiet in all the remaining 20 eyes. In 22 eyes, iatrogenic vitreous hemorrhage occurred due to low platelet count during treatment (＜30×109/ml) in 4 eyes. When the treatment was terminated for 6 months, the fundus of hematoma absorption was clearly visible. At the time of CMVR diagnosis, there were 2 eyes (9%) with posterior subcapsular opacity, which may be caused by systemic glucocorticoid therapy after allogeneic HSCT.ConclusionAqueous CMV-DNA load and level of IL-8 could be used as quantitative variables for monitoring the therapeutic effect and determining time for local treatment cessation for CMVR after HSCT safely and efficiently.
At present, there are few in vivo experimental studies on anterior chamber flow field, and the relevant technologies are not mature. This study explores the experimental method and key techniques of particle image velocimetry (PIV) for the in vivo measurement of anterior chamber flow field with slow flow velocity in the rabbit with acute intraocular hypertension. The experimental process can be divided into three parts: model construction of rabbit eye with acute intraocular hypertension, in vivo eyeball preparation, and PIV setup. The following key techniques were mainly investigated: the optimal injection strategy of fluorescent particles and the correction strategy for image acquisition errors caused by the effects of image refraction and respiration. The results showed that the best injection method was that 15 μL of fluorescent particles solution was slowly injected into the anterior chamber through the lower part of iris and then the rabbit was released and waited for 13 h. In this way particles were completely distributed in the anterior chamber with the help of the aqueous humor circulation, and then in vivo PIV experiment could be performed. The eyeball should be covered with a square flume filled with ultrasonic coupling gel for the sake of imaging during the experiment. The Maximal Information Coefficient algorithm could be applied to correct the measured results before post-processing calculation. The results indicated that feasible injection strategy of fluorescent particles and the correction strategy for image acquisition are critical to obtain nice experiment effects for the in vivo PIV measurement of anterior chamber flow field in the rabbit with acute intraocular hypertension.
Objective
To observe the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in aqueous humor and vitreous body in eyes with proliferative vitreo-retinal diseases, and to investigate the role of VEGF plays in the pathoge nesis of proliferative vitreo-retinal diseases.
Methods
The concentration of VEGF in aqueous humor and vitreous body in eyes with proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR), retinal vein occlusion (RVO), proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR), and neovascular glaucoma (NVG) were measured by double antibodies sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).
Results
The concentration of VEGF in aqueous humor and vitreous body in eyes with PVR, RVO, PDR and NVG were obviously higher than that in the control group (Plt;0.05), respectively. Among all of the diseases, the concentration of VEGF in aqueous humor and vitreous body decreased orderly in NVG, PDR, RVO and PVR (Plt;0.05). The concentration of VEGF in vitreous body in eyes with PVR, RVO, PDR and in the control group were much higher than that in aqueous humor in corresponding groups (Plt;0.05). There was a negative correlation between the disease history and content of VEGF in aqueous humor and vitreous body in patients with PVR (r=－0.819, －0.823；Plt;0.05). The disease history positi vely correlated with the concentration of VEGF in aqueous humor and vitreous body in patients with RVO (r=0.913, 0.929；Plt;0.05), and the time of vitreous hemorrhage positively correlated with the concentration of VEGF in aqueous humor and vitreous body in patients with PDR (r=0.905, 0.920；Plt;0.05).
Conclusion
The concentration of VEGF in aqueous humor and vitreous body in patients with proliferative vitreo-retinal diseases significantly increases, and VEGF may play an important role in the pathoge nesis of proliferative vitreo-retinal diseases.
(Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis, 2006, 22: 313-316)
