【摘要】 目的 觀察右星狀神經節阻滯(R-SGB)對全身麻醉氣管內插管期心血管反應的影響。 方法 2009年10-12月選取60例美國麻醉醫師協會(ASA)Ⅰ、Ⅱ級擇期全麻手術患者,隨機分為3組。研究組于全麻誘導前15 min用1%利多卡因10 mL經頸6入路行R-SGB,對照組1誘導前同法注射10 mL生理鹽水,對照組2誘導前肌注2%利多卡因5 mL。觀察氣管插管前后收縮壓(SBP)、舒張壓(DBP)、平均動脈壓(MBP)、心率(HR)、心電圖(ECG)、氧飽和度(SpO2)和心率收縮壓乘積(RPP)的變化。 結果 研究組各時點與進入手術室時的基礎值比較,僅誘導后SBP、DBP、MBP顯著降低,窺喉時HR和RPP顯著升高(Plt;0.01);在插管3 min后已恢復至基礎值。對照組1和對照組2誘導后SBP、DBP、MBP顯著降低(Plt;0.01);窺喉時SBP、DBP、MBP、HR、RPP均顯著升高(Plt;0.01),并持續至插管后5 min。兩對照組升高的程度均顯著高于研究組(Plt;0.05或Plt;0.01)。 結論 R-SGB對全麻氣管插管期的心血管反應有一定抑制作用,可用于調控全麻插管期心血管不良反應。【Abstract】 Objective To explore the effect of right stellate ganglion block (R-SGB) on cardiovascular response during endotracheal intubation under the general anesthesia. Methods Sixty ASAⅠ-Ⅱpatients who underwent general anaesthesia between October to December 2009 were randomly divided into three groups. The patients in the trial group accepted R-SGB by C6 route with 1% lidocaine (10 mL) 15 minutes before induction of general anesthesia; the patients in control group 1 were injected with 10 mL physiological saline in the same way before the induction; the patients in control group 2 underwent the intramuscular injection of 2% lidocaine (5 mL) before the induction. The changes of systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), mean arterial pressure (MAP), hear rate (HR), electrocardiogram (ECG), oxygen saturation (SpO2) and heart rate-systolic blood pressure product (RPP) before and after endotracheal intubation were observed and recorded. Results In the trial group, SBP, MAP, and DBP decreased significantly after the induction; HR and RPP increased evidently at the laryngeal exposure compared with the baseline values (Plt;0.01) and recovered three minutes after the intubation. In the control group 1 and 2, SBP, MAP, and DBP decreased significantly after induction (Plt;0.01); SBP, MAP, DBP, HR and RPP increased apparently at the laryngeal exposure compared with the baseline values (Plt;0.01), and the raise continued until five minutes after endotracheal intubation. The difference in the raise between the control groups and the trial group was significant (Plt;0.05 or Plt;0.01). Conclusion R-SGB may effectively inhibit the cardiovascular response during endotracheal intubation under the general anesthesia and can be used to control the negative reaction during the induction.
摘要:目的:探討纖支鏡經口引導氣管插管在慢阻肺合并重度呼吸衰竭救治中的臨床應用價值。方法:237例慢阻肺合并重度呼吸衰竭患者,隨機分為纖支鏡經口引導氣管插管組(纖支鏡組)125例和喉鏡經口引導氣管插管組(喉鏡組)112例,分別在纖支鏡和喉鏡引導下按常規進行氣管插管術。結果:纖支鏡組和喉鏡組一次獲得插管成功率分別為984%和920%(P<005),平均插管時間分別為(613±391) min 和(926±415) min(P<005)。纖支鏡組有5例患者出現咽喉部少量出血,并發癥發生率為40%;喉鏡組共有12例發生并發癥,并發癥發生率為107%(P<005),其中齒、舌、咽或喉部損傷6例,反射性嘔吐致誤吸2例,單側肺通氣1例,插入食管2例,心跳呼吸驟停1例。結論:纖支鏡經口引導氣管插管在慢阻肺合并重度呼吸衰竭救治中是一種簡便快速、成功率高和并發癥少的有效方法,值得臨床推廣應用。Abstract: Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of endotracheal intubation under fiberoptic bronchoscope through mouth in severe respiratory failure. Methods:Two hundreds and thirtyseven cases of severe respiratory failure were divided into two groups at random (fiberoptic bronchoscope group and laryngoscope group), 125 cases were intubated through mouth under fiberoptic bronchoscope, the others were intubated through mouth by laryngoscope. Results: The successful rates of endotracheal intubation were 98.4% and 92.0% in two groups respectively (P <005), the mean intubation timewere (613±391) min and (926±415) min respectively ( P < 005), 4 cases in fiberoptic bronchoscope group appeared a little blood in throat, the complication rate was 32% 12 cases in the laryngoscope group had complications, the complication rate was 107%( P< 005). Among it, 6 cases had the injury of tooth, tongue, gullet and larynx.The cases of reflexvomiting were 2,pulmonary ventilation by single lung were 1, intubation in esophagus were 2, cardiopulmonary arrest were 1.Conclusions:Endotracheal intubation under fiberoptic bronchoscope through mouth was accurate, the fewer complications and effective for patients, and could be used widely in clinical applications.