ObjectiveTo study related factors for urinary and fecal incontinence in post-stroke patients, in order to present targeted treatment and effective care.
MethodsWith continuous sampling methods, we prospectively evaluated 257 stroke patients admitted to our hospital from August 2010 to October 2012, and had the clinical features form completely filled. All statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 19.0.
ResultsUrinary and fecal incontinence rate was 16.7%. Univariate analysis showed that the related factors for the incidence of urinary and fecal incontinence in post-stroke patients included the onset of disturbance of consciousness, disability to sit up or stand two hours after the onset, being complicated with pulmonary infection or ventricular dysfunction, complications, and constipation. A multivariate analysis identified three factors to be independently associated with urinary and fecal incontinence in post-stroke patients, including disturbance of consciousness[OR=4.186, 95%CI (2.010, 8.715), P<0.001], being complicated with pulmonary infection[OR=3.490, 95%CI (1.616, 7.539), P=0.001] and age[OR=1.036, 95%CI (1.004, 1.069), P=0.029].
ConclusionPost-stroke patients are most likely to develop urinary and fecal incontinence, and disturbance of consciousness, being complicated with pulmonary infection and age are three independent factors.
系統性紅斑狼瘡(systemic lupus erythematosus,SLE)是一種女性多發、累及多器官的慢性難治性自身免疫性疾病。白細胞介素(interleukin,IL)-21 是一種具有多種生物學功能的細胞因子,主要由活化 T 細胞合成與分泌,其受體分布廣泛,與 B 細胞表面的 IL-21 受體結合可調控 B 細胞,包含正向促進 B 細胞向漿細胞分化,調節免疫球蛋白產生;反向條件性誘導 B 細胞凋亡及 B10 細胞產生兩方面作用。正向作用在于促使 SLE 患者產生自身抗體,而反向作用是促使產生自身抗體的 B 細胞數量減少,而且使 B10 細胞產生更多的具有免疫抑制作用的 IL-10。正反向平衡精準調控有助于對 SLE 病情進行條件性干預,對于疾病的治療具有重要潛在價值。該文探討了 IL-21 調控 B 細胞的分化及其與 SLE 之間的關系,對探索 IL-21 對 B 細胞的信號通路在 SLE 發病機制和靶向治療提供新的思路。