【摘要】 目的 探討生理鈣透析液對持續性不臥床腹膜透析(CAPD)患者鈣磷代謝的影響。 方法 回顧性分析2008年1月-2009年12月腹膜透析患者的鈣磷指標,資料齊全的患者中使用鈣濃度為1.25 mmol/L的腹膜透析液(生理鈣組)的患者有30例,使用鈣濃度為1.75 mmol/L的透析液(標準鈣組)患者30例。對兩組患者鈣磷代謝指標進行比較。 結果 治療前后兩組的血磷、鈣磷乘積和全段甲狀旁腺素差異均無統計學意義(Pgt;0.05);治療后標準鈣組血鈣較前升高,差異有統計學意義(Plt;0.05),而生理鈣組治療前后血鈣差異無統計學意義(Pgt;0.05)。 結論 不同含鈣濃度腹膜透析液對機體鈣磷代謝的影響是不同的,在高鈣、高磷、低轉運骨病的腹膜透析患者中使用鈣濃度為1.25 mmol/L的生理鈣透析液減輕了鈣負荷,為臨床醫生使用含鈣磷結合劑提供了治療空間。【Abstract】 Objective To investigate the effects of physiological calcium dialysate on the calcium and phosphorus metabolism in patients undergoing continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD). Methods We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 60 patients having undergone CAPD in West China Hospital of Sichuan University between January 2008 and December 2009. The patients were divided into two groups with 30 in each by calcium concentration of the dialysate: the physiological calcium dialysate group (1.25 mmol/L) and the standard calcium dialysate group (1.75 mmol/L). The metabolism indexes of calcium and phosphorus for the two group of patients were compared. Results Levels of Serum phosphate, calcium-phosphate product and immoreactive parathyroid hormone (iPTH) of all the patients in both groups before and after treatment showed no significant differences (Pgt;0.05). Serum calcium increased significantly in patients treated with standard calcium dialysate (Plt;0.05), while it did not change significantly in patients treated with physiological calcium dialysate (Pgt;0.05). Conclusions Dialysate with different concentrations of calcium provides different influence on the metabolism of calcium and phosphorus. Changing calcium concentration to 1.25 mmol/L in the dialysate can lower the calcium load for patients with hypercalcium and/or hyperphosphate with low bone turnover, providing treatment space for clinical doctors to use binders containing both calcium and phosphorus.
【摘要】 目的 探索持續非臥床腹膜透析(CAPD)患者年齡與營養狀況的關系,為營養教育提供指導。 方法 對2007年8月-2010年1月腹膜透析177例患者的臨床資料進行回顧性分析,包括血紅蛋白(HGB)、血清白蛋白(ALB)、年齡、體重指數(BMI)、腹膜平衡試驗(PET)、尿素清除指數(Kt/V)、24 h尿蛋白、腹透液漏出蛋白、標準化每日蛋白質分解率(nPCR)等,分析年齡與營養狀況的關系。 結果 老年組(≥60歲)和中青年組(lt;60歲)ALB分別為(31.54±5.91)、(33.24±4.75)g/L,老年組ALB較低(Plt;0.05);老年組Kt/V值1.95±0.63和HGB水平(95.25±22.89) g/L均高于青年組(Plt;0.05)。兩組患者營養不良與BMI、PET、每日蛋白漏出總量、nPCR無關。 結論 CAPD老年患者(≥60歲)更容易發生營養不良,且老年組低蛋白血癥與透析充分性無明顯關系。故應加強老年CAPD患者的飲食營養管理指導,設計合理的飲食。【Abstract】 Objective To investigate the relationship between age and nutrition status of the patients undergoing continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD), and provide instructions for nutrition education. Methods We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 177 patients having undergone CAPD in the Department of Nephrology of West China Hospital between April 2007 and January 2010. Clinical parameters collected included hemoglobin (HGB), serum albumin (ALB), age, body mass index (BMI), results of the peritoneal equilibrium test (PET), urea clearance index (Kt/V), 24-hour urinary protein, protein loss in the peritoneal dialysate, normalized protein catabolic rate (nPCR). Relationship between age and nutrition status in these patients were analyzed. Results Plasma albumin was (31.54±5.91) g/L and (33.24±4.75) g/L respectively in patients of or older than 60 years old (the elderly group) and in patients younger than 60 years old (the younger group). Compared with the younger group, patients in the elderly group had lower ALB (Plt;0.05), but higher Kt/V 1.95±0.63 and hemoglobin level (95.25±22.89) g/L (Plt;0.05). In addition, malnutrition in both groups was not associated with BMI, PET results, daily protein loss in the peritoneal dialysate or nPCR. Conclusions Patients of or older than 60 years old undergoing CAPD are more likely to develop malnutrition, indicating that hypoalbuminemia is not associated with dialysis inadequacy. We advocate enhancing diet nutrition education in elderly CAPD patients and providing them with balanced diet regime.