【摘要】 目的 探討老年人頭面部脈管肉瘤的臨床病理學特征。 方法 1996年-2008年對5例老年人頭面部脈管肉瘤的臨床資料、病理形態學、免疫組織化學染色進行觀察,并對其中4例進行了隨訪。 結果 臨床表現主要是頭面部發生的瘀斑、潰瘍或結節狀病變。腫瘤細胞圍繞皮膚附件周圍排列成交通狀吻合的血竇網,襯覆有異型性的內皮細胞,有的區域內皮細胞形成乳頭狀突起。腫瘤組織內有不同程度的彌漫性出血。腫瘤細胞表達CD34、CD31、Fli-1和FⅧ,部分表達CD117和CK8/18。經隨訪3例3年內死亡,1例帶瘤存活1年余,1例失訪。 結論 老年人頭面部脈管肉瘤組織形態多樣,預后較差,及時診治十分重要。需要與其他皮膚良性血管病變和低分化癌、惡性黑色素瘤、惡性梭形細胞腫瘤、Kaposi肉瘤等鑒別。【Abstract】 Objective To explore the clinicopathological features of cutaneous angiosarcoma on the scalp and face in elder patients. Methods The clinical data of five elder patients with cutaneous angiosarcoma on the scalp and face from 1996 to 2008 were retrospectively analyzed. The patients underwent the light microscopy, pathomorphological examination, and immunohistochemistry. Four patients were followed up. Results Most clinical manifestation was dusky irregular erythematous plaques which were often ulcerated. The tumor was composed of asymmetric collection of angulated and irregular vascular spaces infiltrating between collagen bundles. Endothelial cells attaching to the vascular spaces had hyperchromatic irregular nuclei and prominent nucleoli. Hemorrhage was another histologic feature. Positive expression of CD34,CD31,Fli-1 and FⅧ were found in tumor cells, and expression of CD117 and CK8/18 was found in some of the patients. In the follow-up duration, three patients died in three years, and one failed to be followed up. Conclusion Cutaneous angiosarcoma of the scalp and face has various histomorphology and poor prognosis, which should be diagnosed and treated in time. It should be distinguished from benign cutaneous hemangioma, poorly differentiated carcinoma, malignant melanoma and malignant spindle cell tumor.
摘要:目的:探討皮膚平滑肌肉瘤的臨床病理特點和診斷要點及預后。方法:對2例皮膚平滑肌肉瘤組織病理學、免疫組化觀察,并復習相關文獻。結果: 例1為皮下平滑肌肉瘤,具有結節型的生長形態,瘤細胞豐富,異型性較大,核分裂活躍;例2為真皮平滑肌肉瘤,具有彌漫型的生長形態,瘤細胞較少,分化好,核分裂象不明顯。免疫組化2例均表達SMA、MSA、Vim,1例灶性表達Desmin。2例隨訪迄今均無復發及轉移。結論:皮膚平滑肌肉瘤少見,可分為真皮和皮下兩種類型,兩者具有不同的組織起源和預后特點,我們要注意區分,診斷除核分裂象計數外,尚需進行綜合評估,對某些病例建議采用惡性潛能未定的平滑肌肉瘤的診斷,治療首選外科手術切除。Abstract: Objective: To investigate the clinic pathological features diagnosis main point and prognosis of cutaneous leiomyosarcoma(CLMS).Methods:Histopathology,immunohistochemical stainings observation were analyzed in two cases of CLMS and the related literatures were reviewed. Results:Case 1 was subcutaneous leiomyosarcoma with tubercular growth pattern,rich tumor cell,big heterogeneous type,active mitotic;Case 2 was dermis leiomyosarcoma with diffuse growth pattern,few tumor cell,well differentiated,no more mitotic. Immunohistochemically,the two cases reacted positively with smooth muscle action、MSA and Vim,Case 1 also expressed desman partially. The two cases were revisited to date,no recurrences and metastases.Conclusion:Cutaneous leiomyosar coma is a rare tumor,subdivided into dermis and subcutaneous forms because of their different tissue origins and prognosis features. We must discriminate between them. Diagnosis need synthetic appraisal besides mitotic counts and “smooth muscle tumor of uncertain malignant potential” should be used for diagnosis of certain cases.Primary treatment for cutaneous leiomyosarcoma is surgical excision.