目的 評價微創椎弓根釘內固定技術治療胸腰椎爆裂骨折的中期臨床療效。 方法 2002年9月－2007年9月，采用微創椎弓根釘內固定技術治療胸腰椎爆裂骨折30例。其中男16例，女14例;年齡18～65歲，平均39.8歲。骨折節段:胸11者3例， 胸12者13例， 腰1者12例， 腰者22例。所有骨折按AO分型，均為A3型。受傷至手術時間6 h～6 d，平均45 h。分析術后影像學指標、疼痛評分及功能障礙指數。 結果 患者均獲隨訪，隨訪時間3～9年，平均5.2年。術后各時間點傷椎前緣高度及后凸Cobb角均較術前明顯恢復（P＜0.01）。術后傷椎高度隨隨訪時間延長逐漸下降，后凸Cobb角逐漸增大。取出內固定物后、術后2年、末次隨訪時動力位X線片上骨折椎體前后相對滑移距離分別為（1.9 ± 0.3）、（2.1 ± 0.2）、（2.1 ± 0.3）mm，兩兩比較差異無統計學意義（P＞0.05）。術后1、2年及末次隨訪時疼痛視覺模擬評分分別為（2.5 ± 1.2）、（2.5 ± 1.1）、（2.4 ± 1.3）分，兩兩比較差異無統計學意義（P＞0.05）。末次隨訪時Denis腰痛分級：P1級13例，P2級12例，P3級5例。功能障礙指數為（11.4 ± 3.1）分，獲優23例、良5例、可2例。 結論 單純微創椎弓根釘內固定技術治療胸腰椎爆裂骨折中期臨床效果滿意，脊柱穩定性良好。Objective To mid-term efficacy of the technique of minimally invasive pedicle screw fixation on thoracolumbar burst fracture. Methods From September 2002 to September 2007, 30 patients were treated with minimally invasive pedicle screw fixation for thoracolumbar fracture. There were 16 males and 14 females with the mean age of 39.8 years (range,18-65 years). The injured level of was T11 in 3 cases, T12 in 13 cases, L1 in 12 cases, and L2 in 2 cases. The type of thoracolumbar fractures of all the patients was A3 according to AO classification. The during from injury to operation was 6 hours to 6 days with an average of 45 hours. The index of image and pain and disability index were evaluated after operation. Results All patients were followed up for 3 to 9 years with the mean of 5.2 years. Their average sliding distance after operation for removing internal fixation was (1.9 ± 0.3), and (2.1 ± 0.2) mm 2 years after the operation and (2.1 ± 0.3) mm at the latest follow-up. There was no significant difference (P＞0.05). Their average score was (2.51 ± 1.2) 1 year after the operation, was (2.42 ± 1.1) 2 year after the operation, and was (2.36 ± 1.3) at the latest follow-up (P＞0.05). According to Denis score system to evaluate index of lumbago, there was P1 in 13 cases, P2 in 12 cases, and P3 in 5 cases. The score of Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) was 11.4 ± 3.1 at the latest follow-up. Twenty-one cases gotexcellent therapeutic result, five cases got good and two were moderate. Conclusions Minimally invasive pedicle screw fixation for the treatment of thoracolumbar burst fracture provide satisfactory clinical results. The vertebral body and adjacent vertebral body have a good stability.
目的 評價微創椎弓根釘內固定技術治療胸腰椎爆裂骨折的中期臨床療效。 方法 2002年9月－2007年9月，采用微創椎弓根釘內固定技術治療胸腰椎爆裂骨折30例。其中男16例，女14例;年齡18～65歲，平均39.8歲。骨折節段:胸11者3例， 胸12者13例， 腰1者12例， 腰者22例。所有骨折按AO分型，均為A3型。受傷至手術時間6 h～6 d，平均45 h。分析術后影像學指標、疼痛評分及功能障礙指數。 結果 患者均獲隨訪，隨訪時間3～9年，平均5.2年。術后各時間點傷椎前緣高度及后凸Cobb角均較術前明顯恢復（P＜0.01）。術后傷椎高度隨隨訪時間延長逐漸下降，后凸Cobb角逐漸增大。取出內固定物后、術后2年、末次隨訪時動力位X線片上骨折椎體前后相對滑移距離分別為（1.9 ± 0.3）、（2.1 ± 0.2）、（2.1 ± 0.3）mm，兩兩比較差異無統計學意義（P＞0.05）。術后1、2年及末次隨訪時疼痛視覺模擬評分分別為（2.5 ± 1.2）、（2.5 ± 1.1）、（2.4 ± 1.3）分，兩兩比較差異無統計學意義（P＞0.05）。末次隨訪時Denis腰痛分級：P1級13例，P2級12例，P3級5例。功能障礙指數為（11.4 ± 3.1）分，獲優23例、良5例、可2例。 結論 單純微創椎弓根釘內固定技術治療胸腰椎爆裂骨折中期臨床效果滿意，脊柱穩定性良好。Objective To mid-term efficacy of the technique of minimally invasive pedicle screw fixation on thoracolumbar burst fracture. Methods From September 2002 to September 2007, 30 patients were treated with minimally invasive pedicle screw fixation for thoracolumbar fracture. There were 16 males and 14 females with the mean age of 39.8 years (range,18-65 years). The injured level of was T11 in 3 cases, T12 in 13 cases, L1 in 12 cases, and L2 in 2 cases. The type of thoracolumbar fractures of all the patients was A3 according to AO classification. The during from injury to operation was 6 hours to 6 days with an average of 45 hours. The index of image and pain and disability index were evaluated after operation. Results All patients were followed up for 3 to 9 years with the mean of 5.2 years. Their average sliding distance after operation for removing internal fixation was (1.9 ± 0.3), and (2.1 ± 0.2) mm 2 years after the operation and (2.1 ± 0.3) mm at the latest follow-up. There was no significant difference (P＞0.05). Their average score was (2.51 ± 1.2) 1 year after the operation, was (2.42 ± 1.1) 2 year after the operation, and was (2.36 ± 1.3) at the latest follow-up (P＞0.05). According to Denis score system to evaluate index of lumbago, there was P1 in 13 cases, P2 in 12 cases, and P3 in 5 cases. The score of Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) was 11.4 ± 3.1 at the latest follow-up. Twenty-one cases gotexcellent therapeutic result, five cases got good and two were moderate. Conclusions Minimally invasive pedicle screw fixation for the treatment of thoracolumbar burst fracture provide satisfactory clinical results. The vertebral body and adjacent vertebral body have a good stability.
【摘要】 目的 探討經皮脊柱后凸成形手術中骨水泥的應用療效。 方法 2008年10月-2010年10月，應用注射用Ⅲ型丙烯酸樹脂骨水泥及其椎體成形系統，采取經皮脊柱后凸成形術治療40例椎體疾病患者。其中男5例，女35例；年齡53～84歲，平均65歲。老年骨質疏松性椎體壓縮骨折37例，椎體惡性腫瘤2例，椎體血管瘤1例。采用視覺模擬評分（visual analogue scale，VAS）對患者手術前后疼痛程度的改善情況進行評分統計，并觀察術中及術后并發癥的發生情況。 結果 患者出院前行脊柱正、側位透視，發現椎體內骨水泥分布良好；3例有少量骨水泥向椎體外滲漏現象，但均無臨床癥狀。所有患者獲隨訪1～12個月，平均8個月。腰背部疼痛均明顯緩解或消失，日常生活質量大大提高。術前VAS評分為（8.30±0.48）分，術后3 d、1個月及末次隨訪時VAS評分分別為（3.11±0.41）、（2.50±0.36）、（2.50±0.36）分，與術前比較差異均有統計學意義（Plt;0.05）。 結論 骨水泥應用于經皮脊柱后凸成形手術中可取得很好療效，固化的骨水泥對脊柱起到很好的支撐、穩定作用。【Abstract】 Objective To assess the clinical effect of using bone cement in percutaneous kyphoplasty. Methods From October 2008 to October 2010, type Ⅲ Acrylic resin bone cement and the system of vertebroplasty were used in percutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP) to treat 40 patients. There were 5 males and 35 females with an average of 65 years old (53-84 years). There were 37 older patients with osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture, 2 cases of vertebral tumor and one hemangioma. Visual analogue scale (VAS) was used to evaluate the pain before and after the operation. The complications in and after the operation were also recorded. Results Before discharge, posterior-anterior and lateral X-ray films were taken to evaluate the distribution of bone cement. Three patients showed a little bone cement leakage from the vertebral body, but no clinical symptoms were found. All patients were followed for 1 to 12 months with an average of 8 months. Pain in the back decreased obviously or disappeared, and the qualities of daily life were improved greatly. The score of VAS was (8.30±0.48) before the operation, and (3.11±0.41), (2.50±0.36), and (2.50±0.36) 3 days, 1 month after the operation, and during the last follow-up, respectively. Significant differences were found between the VAS score before and after operation (Plt;0.05). Conclusions Good results can be expected when bone cement is used in percutaneous kyphoplasty. Solidified bone cement can effectively support and stablize the spinal column.
