【摘要】 目的 探討強化益生元膳食纖維的腸內營養在腹部外科術后患者中的臨床應用。 方法 2008年7月-2010年11月30例接受腹部外科中等以上手術的患者術前隨機分為研究組和對照組，每組15例。研究組患者于術后接受腸內營養，并予以強化益生元膳食纖維；對照組只接受相同的腸內營養支持。觀察指標為術后感染并發癥、胃腸道并發癥、住院時間、抗生素治療時間、C反應蛋白水平和病死率等。 結果 研究組術后住院時間為（10±5） d，對照組為（15±7） d，兩組差異有統計學意義（t=2.251，P=0.033）；研究組C反應蛋白水平為（6.6±3.2） mg/L，對照組為（9.8±2.1） mg/L，兩組差異有統計學意義（t=3.238，P=0.003）；研究組抗生素治療時間為（5.0±3.5） d，對照組為（6.0±4.8） d，兩組差異無統計學意義（t=0.652，P=0.520）。兩組均無死亡病例；術后研究組2例發生感染并發癥，對照組3例，兩組感染并發癥發生率差異無統計學意義（P=1.000）。兩組患者均能耐受經腸內補充營養素。 結論 與常規腸內營養比較，給予強化益生元膳食纖維的腸內營養能減少腹部外科術后患者的住院時間，降低急性期炎癥反應。【Abstract】 Objective To investigate the effect of early enteral supply of prebiotic fiber in patients undergoing major abdominal surgery. Methods Between July 2008 and November 2010, 30 patients undergoing major gastrointestinal surgery were randomized into the study group and the control group before operation with 15 patients in each group. Prebiotic fiber was administered combined with enteral nutrition support for patients in the study group. Patients in the control group only received conventional enteral nutrition without fiber. The main endpoints included the development of bacterial infection, the duration of hospital stay, antibiotic therapy, the serum level of C-reaction protein (CRP), side effects of the enteral nutrition and morbidity. Results Compared with the control group, the median duration of hospital stay was shorter in the study group [(15±7) days in the control group vs. (10±5) days in the study group; t=2.251, Plt;0.05]. The mean level of CRP was also lower in the study group [(6.6±3.2) mg/L] than that in the control group [(9.8±2.1) mg/L] (t=3.238, Plt;0.05). The enteral nutrition and fibers were well tolerated. The incidence of infectious complications (3 cases in the control group vs. 2 cases in the study group) and the median duration of antibiotic therapy [(6.0±4.8) days in the control group vs. (5.0±3.5) days in the study group] were not significantly different between the two groups (t=0.652, Pgt;0.05). No patients died in both the two groups. Conclusion Compared with the conventional enteral nutrition, early enteral supply of prebiotic fiber can reduce the duration of hospital stay and acute phase response.
Abstract From March, 1987 through May, 1996, a total of 13 cases of severe deep burn and bone defect of hand and wrist were treated by groin skin and iliac bone composite graft with vascular pedicle and had resulted in satisfactory result. The operation was relatively simple. Because thecomposite graft carried its own blood supply in the pedicle, it was not necessary to revascularize the composite graft by anastomosis of blood vessel during operation. Owing to the presence of abundant vascular supply of the iliac bone, the antiinfection potency was high, so its application was suitable for those conditions such as fresh severe deep burn with infection and bone defect. As a result, this technique gave the best chance to save the limb from amputation, and the duration required for treatment could be markedly shortened. This method provided the possibility to solve effectively the difficult problem dealing with the treatment of severe deep burn with infection and bone defect of the hand and wrist.
In order to resolve the shortcomings of traditional pedicled abdominal skin flap, the pedicled abdominal subcorium vascular-net flap was reformed and applied clinically. Twenty-eight cases with scar on hand or wrist were treated, including 20 males and 8 females. The age was ranged from 18 to 35 years old. The key point in the design was rotating 45 degrees of the flap from the primary site toward the pedicle. The ratio of the length to width of the flap was 1-1.8 : 1, and the wound of the donor site was covered by direct suture. Five to seven days later, all the flaps were divided and survived. The advantages of this flap were as follows: skin-grafting on the donor site was not necessary; the time needed for cutting the pedicle was shortened, and the flap is thinner than the traditional flap.
Objective To investigate the etiology, clinical characteristics, diagnosis and treatment of abdominal apoplexy, arousing clinic doctors’ attention to this disease. Methods Two hundred and thirty-two domestic cases with abdominal apoplexy were analyzed retrospectively and related literatures in and abroad were reviewed. Results Abdominal apoplexy occured mainly patients aged 45 to 70 years in China and 50 to 59 years abroad. It was more common in women than in men, and male to female ratio was 1 to 1.4 in China and 1 to 2.5 abroad. There were various etiological factors to this disease. It was usually abrupt, with complicated clinical manifestation. The main symptoms were abdominal pain and hemorrhagic shock with nauseat, vomiting and diarrhea. Preoperative diagnosis rate of abdominal apoplexy was very low, literatures showed only 1.7% in China and 2.3% abroad. There was no particular evaluation approach. Abdominal cavity puncture, combined with CT, ultrasound, MRI and selective abdominal angiography helped to raise diagnosis rate. Overall postoperative mortality was 7.3%. In 7.8% cases, no bleeding site could be found during laparotomy, and the mortality rate was 41.2%. Conclusion Abdominal apoplexy is rarely seen in clinic with low preoperative diagnosis rate and poor prognosis. The first choice management is exploratory laparotomy, and the key is to ligate ruptured vessels.
