目的 分析下肢慢性創傷性骨髓炎患者創面細菌培養分布情況,為臨床用藥提供依據。 方法 對2006年1月-2010年12月收治的91例慢性骨髓炎患者創面分泌物細菌培養標本結果進行回顧性調查分析。其中男78例,女13例;年齡5~78歲,平均41.3歲。病程47 d~7個月,平均68.6 d。使用抗生素總療程均>7 d。 結果 65例創面細菌培養陽性患者共分離出113株病原菌,其中G?菌72株,占63.71%;G+菌41株,占36.28%。藥敏結果顯示,G+菌對常規青霉素類基本耐藥,碳青霉烯類耐藥菌株少見,對萬古霉素耐藥菌株尚未出現。G?菌對青霉素類及頭孢菌素類耐藥較高,對頭孢哌酮-舒巴坦無耐藥。 結論 加強對慢性創傷性骨髓炎患者創面病原菌監測極為必要,對臨床抗生素的合理使用具有一定的指導意義。Objective To analyze the distribution of cultured bacteria from chronic osteomyelitis patients, and provide a basis for clinical medicine. Methods We retrospectively analyzed the bacterial culture results of the secretions from 91 patients with chronic osteomyelitis treated in our hospital from January 2006 to December 2010. Among them, there were 78 males and 13 females aged from 5 to 78 years averaging at (41.3 ± 8.35) years. The duration of the disease ranged from 47 days to more than 7 months, averaging (68.6 ± 14.57) days. The total course of antibiotic-taking was longer than 7 days for all the patients. Results A total of 113 pathogen strains were isolated from 65 secretion samples, including 72 Gram-negative bacteria accounting for 63.71% and 41 gram-positive bacteria accounting for 36.28%. Drug susceptibility results showed basic resistance of Gram-positive bacteria to conventional penicillin, rare resistance to carbapenem, and no resistance to vancomycin. Gram-negative bacteria were basically resistant to penicillin and cephalosporins, but not resistant to cefoperazone-sulbactam. Conclusion Enhancing the monitoring of pathogens for patients with chronic osteomyelitis is extremely necessary for the rational clinical use of antibiotics.
目的探討應用逆行腓骨短肌肌瓣聯合腓腸神經營養血管逆行島狀皮瓣治療創傷后慢性跟骨骨髓炎伴軟組織缺損的療效。 方法2008年1月-2012年1月,收治9例創傷后慢性跟骨骨髓炎伴軟組織缺損患者。男8例,女1例;年齡18~46歲,平均33歲。左側4例,右側5例。7例為閉合跟骨骨折復位內固定術后發生感染;2例為開放性跟骨骨折伴軟組織缺損。跟骨骨髓炎病程2個月~3年,平均5個月。創面均有膿性分泌物、壞死組織或竇道形成,細菌培養均呈陽性。X線片及CT檢查示跟骨骨密度不均、有空洞或死骨形成。術中徹底清創后,骨缺損范圍為3 cm × 3 cm × 3 cm~6 cm × 4 cm × 3 cm;軟組織缺損范圍為7 cm × 3 cm~12 cm × 7 cm。切取大小為11 cm × 3 cm~16 cm × 4 cm的腓骨短肌肌瓣填充骨缺損,大小為8 cm × 4 cm~14 cm × 8 cm的腓腸神經營養血管逆行島狀皮瓣覆蓋肌瓣并修復軟組織缺損。供區直接縫合6例,植皮修復3例。 結果術后9例腓腸神經營養血管逆行島狀皮瓣均順利成活,創面Ⅰ期愈合;未見皮瓣下腓骨短肌肌瓣壞死、液化現象。供區切口均Ⅰ期愈合,植皮均成活。9例均獲隨訪,隨訪時間6~24個月,平均13.5個月。皮瓣質地良好,骨折均愈合伴骨缺損,恢復基本負重行走功能。隨訪期間骨髓炎無復發,無明顯跟骨塌陷發生。 結論逆行腓骨短肌肌瓣聯合腓腸神經營養血管逆行島狀皮瓣手術操作簡便,肌、皮瓣血運良好,是治療創傷后慢性跟骨骨髓炎伴軟組織缺損的有效方法之一。