Objective
To estimate the diagnostic value of mesothelin in ovarian cancer.
Methods
PubMed, The Cochrane Library, CBM, CNKI and WanFang Data databases were searched from inception to October 2016 to collect relevant diagnostic accuracy studies of mesothelin in ovarian cancer. Two reviewers independently screened literature, extracted data and assessed the risk of bias of included studies. Statistical analysis was performed using Meta-Disc 1.4, Stata 12.0 and RevMan 5.2 softwares. The pooled sensitivity, specificity and diagnostic odds ratio were calculated, the summary receiver operating characteristic curve (SROC) was drawn and the area under the curve (AUC) was calculated.
Results
Seventeen studies involving 2 052 patients were included. The pooled sensitivity, specificity, DOR were 0.63 (95%CI 0.60 to 0.67), 0.92 (95%CI 0.90 to 0.93) and 26.62 (95%CI 14.96 to 47.38), respectively. The AUC and Q index were 0.915 1 and 0.847 8, respectively.
Conclusion
The current evidence indicates that mesothelin has high specificity and low sensitivity, which can’t be used alone as a biomarker for the detection of ovarian cancer, but should be combined with other biomarkers.
Acute kidney injury (AKI), as a complex and severe kidney disease, has always been the hotspot of research. The epidemiological research of AKI in China has made significant progress, including initially reports on the domestic incidence of AKI, geographical distribution and risk factors; however, accompanying challenges like AKI prevention and treatment emerge. For improvement of the diagnosis and treatment of the AKI, this article summarizes and analyses the two challenges: early warning biomarkers and AKI treatment strategies, based on new ideas and research progress. The aim is to make Chinese nephrology scholars and specialists realize the focus of AKI prevention and protection of renal function, to standardize the treatment strategy of AKI, and to put forward the direction of future research.
The mechanisms behind diabetic retinopathy (DR) can be ascribed primarily to retinal microvascular abnormalities, excessive inflammatory response and neurodegeneration. Circular RNA (circRNA) is a type of endogenous non-coding RNA with a special circular structure, which is mainly composed of precursor RNA after shearing and processing. It is widely present in the retina and participates in the occurrence and development of various fundus diseases. CircRNAs express in an abnormal way in retina, serving as “the sponge” for miRNA so as to play roles in dysfunction of retinal vascular, inflammatory response and neurodegeneration in the development of DR. Further studies for circRNAs in DR will illustrate pathophysiology of DR more deeply, shedding light on circRNAs becoming novel biomarkers and molecular targets for diagnosis and treatment, thus achieving the goal of early diagnosis and precise therapy of DR.
Telomeres play an important role in maintaining genomic stability and cell life. Accumulating studies show that telomeres are closely related to human aging, cardiovascular diseases and cerebrovascular diseases. There are a series of researches about telomeres and atherosclerosis across the world, including studies on the relationship between atherosclerosis, cardiovascular diseases, cerebrovascular diseases and telomere length, and on telomere-targeted treatments for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Telomeres may be a risk predictor or a new therapeutic target for atherosclerosis and cardiovascular diseases. This article reviews the relationship between telomeres and cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, introduces the research progress of telomere length and cardiovascular diseases, cerebrovascular diseases, and the possible mechanisms of their association, aiming to provide a theoretical basis for exploring new therapeutic targets for atherosclerosis.
With the continuous aging of the population in China, the aging of skeletal muscle in the elderly has seriously affected national health and poses a severe challenge to the public health system. Early detection of skeletal muscle aging, and early warning, prevention, and treatment are of great significance for achieving healthy aging. In order to select a series of clinically operable biomarkers for skeletal muscle aging, and to further standardize the early identification and precise diagnosis of skeletal muscle aging, a multidisciplinary team of experts has registered and written this protocol to provide a detailed introduction to the planning process for the development of the consensus.
Intravitreal injection of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) drugs is the main treatment for diabetic macular edema (DME), however, 30% of patients still respond poorly to its treatment. At present, imaging markers that can indicate the prognosis of anti-VEGF drug treatment include ischemic index, deep retinal capillary plexus foveal avascular zone area, number of microaneurysms, blood flow density, disorder of the inner retinal layer, outer membrane and/or the degree of damage to the ellipsoid zone, strong reflex foci, intraretinal cysts, subretinal fluid. Biomarkers include high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio, anti-fumarase antibody, intraocular aqueous humor cell adhesion molecule-1, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, etc. Understanding these clinical markers that may predict and evaluate the prognosis of anti-VEGF drug therapy can be beneficial to adjust the treatment plan, and more effectively monitor, treat, and manage DME patients.
ObjectiveThe aim of this meta-analysis and systematic review is to assess the effectiveness of microRNAs as a diagnostic tool for individuals with epilepsy. MethodsA systematic search of PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, and Web of Science databases was performed to collect literature on miRNA diagnosis of epilepsy up to January 1, 2024. Two researchers independently screened and extracted the literature and resolved discrepancies by negotiation. The QUADAS-2 evaluation tool was used to assess the quality of the included studies. Statistical analysis was performed using Review Manager 5.4, Meta-Disc 1.4, and Stata 17.0. Results A total of 17 papers were included, including 942 patients with epilepsy and 932 healthy controls. miRNA in the diagnosis of epilepsy had a combined sensitivity of 0.76 [95%CI (0.71, 0.79)], combined specificity of 0.78 [95%CI (0.74, 0.82)], and area under the SROC curve of 0.84 [95%CI (0.80, 0.87)]. Subgroup analysis showed that miRNA had higher diagnostic value for temporal lobe epilepsy, especially medial temporal lobe epilepsy with hippocampal sclerosis (MTLE-HS). ConclusionThe study suggests that miRNA may be a promising tool for the diagnosis of epilepsy, especially temporal lobe epilepsy, but more high-quality studies are needed to support it.
The infection of Hepatitis B virus (HBV) can result in severe consequences, including chronic hepatitis, liver fibrosis, cirrhosis, and even liver cancer. Effective antiviral treatment has the potential to slow down the progression of the disease. HBV serum biomarkers play a crucial role in the dynamic management of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients. However, the conventional hepatitis B virus markers, such as hepatitis B serologic testing and HBV DNA, are insufficient to meet the clinical requirements. This review provided a comprehensive overview of the current research on the quantification of HBsAg and anti-HBc, HBV RNA and HBV core-associated antigen, which summarized the crucial role these markers play in the administration of antiviral medications, predicting the efficacy of treatment and anticipating the likelihood of virologic rebound following drug cessation, as well as assessing disease progression in CHB patients.
ObjectiveTo explore the clinical significance of plasma biomarkers of prethrombotic state in lung cancer patients.
Methods90 patients with lung cancer (lung cancer group) and 90 normal controls (control group) of Han population in Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital from June 2010 to June 2012 were recruited in the study. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect the plasma levels of von willebrand factor(vWF),P-selectin,and thrombin-antithrombine complex (TAT). Coagulation indicators were detected by ACLTOP full automatic coagulation analyzer. Solidification method was used to detect the plasma levels of prothrombin time (PT),activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) and fibrinogen (FIB). Turbidimetric immunoassay was used to detect D-dimer concentration,and chemiluminescence substrate was used to assay antithrombin Ⅲ (AT-Ⅲ).
ResultsIn the lung cancer group,the plasma levels of vWF,P-selectin,TAT,D-dimer and FIB were significantly higher than those in the control group (P<0.05),and the plasma levels of APTT and AT-Ⅲ were lower than those in the control group(P<0.05),while there was no significant difference in plasma PT level(P>0.05). In stage Ⅳ lung cancer subgroup,the plasma levels of vWF,P-selectin,TAT,D-dimer and FIB were significantly higher than those in the stage Ⅲ subgroup or the stage Ⅰ+Ⅱ subgroup (P<0.05). And the plasma levels of PT and APTT were significantly lower than those in the stage Ⅲ subgroup or the stage Ⅰ+Ⅱ subgroup (P<0.05).
ConclusionThe patients with lung cancer exist obvious prethrombotic state. AT-Ⅲ,vWF, D-dimer, FIB,TAT,P-selectin and APTT can be used as reliable hematol markers in early diagnosis of prethrombotic state. vWF,P-selectin,TAT and D-dimer have higher sensitivity and specificity.
Status epilepticus is a life-threatening neurological emergency with high mortality and disability rates. If not treated promptly and effectively, it can lead to severe brain damage or even death. Currently, diagnosis and prognosis assessment mainly rely on electroencephalogram (EEG) and clinical manifestations, which have delays and subjectivity. Therefore, the search for biomarkers that can rapidly, objectively, and accurately assist in the diagnosis, classification, treatment guidance, and prognosis judgment of status epilepticus has become a research hotspot. Biomarkers can reflect the occurrence and development process of the disease at the molecular level, bringing new hope for the precise diagnosis and treatment of status epilepticus. This review aims to systematically elaborate on potential biomarkers in the field of SE.
