Methods of evidence-based medicine were used to discuss the drug treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis. After clinical problems were put forward, we searched for and assessed the evidence. A rational treatment plan for osteoporosis patients with fractures was developed according to the results of systematic reviews and Meta-analysis.
【摘要】 目的 評價亞洲骨質疏松自我評價工具（OSTA）和我國婦女骨質疏松篩選工具（OSTC）與四川地區圍絕經期和絕經后漢族婦女骨密度的關系，比較兩種工具對骨質疏松癥的篩檢能力，探討其臨床應用價值。 方法 2010年7—10月篩選獲得356名45歲以上婦女的雙能X線骨密度儀腰椎、股骨頸和全髖骨密度數據，利用體重和年齡分別計算OSTA指數與OSTC指數，并進行比較。 結果 OSTA指數與OSTC指數和各部位骨密度值均呈正相關（r=0.458~0.593和r=0.440~0.599，Plt;0.001），兩種篩選指數之間呈正相關（r=0.956，Plt;0.001）。按兩級危險程度分類界值進行判定，OSTA和OSTC的靈敏度分別為78.2%、93.5%，特異度為67.2%、43.0%，受試者工作特征曲線下面積為0.792、0.798，Kappa系數為0.452、0.357。 結論 OSTA與OSTC應用于四川地區圍絕經期和絕經后婦女骨質疏松癥的篩查效果均不理想，臨床應用價值受限。【Abstract】 Objective To evaluate the relationship between osteoporosis self-assessment tool for asians (OSTA), osteoporosis self-assessment tool for Asians (OSTC) and bone mineral density in Sichuan perimenopausal and postmenopausal women of Han nationality, and discuss the value of their clinical application through comparison of the screening ability of the two tools in predicting osteoporosis and low bone mass. Methods With the data of bone mineral density at lumbar spine, femoral neck and total proximal femur measured by DXA of 356 women aged 45 years old and above, OSTA and OSTC risk indexes of each subject were calculated based on their weight and age, and were then compared. Results The bone mineral density of above-mentioned locations were positively correlated with OSTA and OSTC indexes (r=0.458-0.593 and r=0.440-0.599,Plt;0.001), and these two indexes were also correlated positively (r=0.956, Plt;0.001). According to the two risk levels by these cutoffs, OSTA and OSTC indexes could diagnose osteoporosis with the sensitivity of 78.2% and 93.5%, the specificity of 67.2% and 43%, the area under ROC curve of 0.792 and 0.798, and the Kappa value of 0.452 and 0.357, respectively. Conclusion Both OSTA and OSTC were not ideal tools for screening osteoporosis in perimenopausal and postmenopausal women in Sichuan province.
Objective
To investigate the awareness of diabetes complications in outpatients with diabetes.
Methods
A total of 300 cases of diabetic were collected from Department of Endocrinology between September 1st and October 10th, 2016. The awareness of diabetes complications in patients with diabetes was investigated by a self-made questionnaire, and the influencing factors on the awareness rate of diabetes complications were analyzed.
Results
The awareness rates of acute and chronic complications were all low. The awareness rate of hypoglycemia was the highest (59.0%) and the chronic pyelonephritis was the lowest (22.0%). In addition, the difference in awareness rate between different sexes was not significant (P>0.05). Educational extent had significant influence on the awareness rate of chronic pyelonephritis, retinopathy, glaucoma, myopia or hyperopia, iridocliory lesions, polyneuropathy, oculomotor and abducens nerve paralysis, vegetative nerve lesion, skin, muscle, and joints lesions, and infection complications (P<0.05). Occupation had significant influence on the awareness rate of ketoacidosis, diabetic hyperosmolar coma, hypoglycemia, diabetic cardiopathy, iridocliory lesions, polyneuropathy, oculomotor and abducens nerve paralysis, vegetative nerve lesion, skin, muscle, and joints lesions, and infection complications (P<0.05).
Conclusions
The awareness of diabetes complications in outpatients with diabetes is low. It is needed to strengthen the health education of diabetes complications and improve the awareness rate of complications.
