Cytokine storm is a life-threatening hyperinflammatory response. Current limited evidence-based research findings suggest that cytokine adsorption technologies do not reduce mortality in patients undergoing cardiac surgery or those with septic shock, nor do they improve hemodynamics or lower interleukin-6 levels. These negative outcomes may be related to improper timing and method of use, insufficient adsorption efficacy and non-specific adsorption of antibiotics, albumin, platelets, and other substances. This article summarizes the optimal timing for initiating and terminating cytokine adsorption therapy, treatment modality selection, as well as treatment duration and frequency, aiming to provide clinical guidance.
