In recent years, the Chengdu Municipal Thoracic Surgery Quality Control Center has preliminarily established a regional quality control system for thoracic surgery through the development of standards, data reporting, and on-site supervision, achieving phased improvements. This review summarizes the current development of Chengdu’s thoracic surgery quality control system, including its organizational structure and scoring methodology, quality indicators based on structure–process–outcome, information technology infrastructure, and multicenter collaboration experiences, and outlines trends in surgical volume, minimally invasive procedure rates, human resources, and care quality metrics. It also analyzes existing challenges such as inter-hospital quality disparities and insufficient interoperability among information platforms. Drawing on domestic and international best practices, we propose development strategies to further enhance the homogenization and continuous improvement of thoracic surgery quality in the region. The Chengdu experience could offer a valuable model for building regional thoracic surgery quality control systems nationwide and for integration with the national quality control platform.
