Epilepsy, as one of the most common brain network disorders in clinical practice, is characterized by recurrent, episodic, transient, and stereotyped clinical manifestations, and often presents with various comorbid conditions. Microstate analysis is an emerging EEG analysis technique that serves as a large-scale brain network analysis method based on the clustering of EEG topographic maps. It has been commonly used in brain network research for various neurological and psychiatric disorders. In recent years, EEG microstate analysis has also been gradually applied to the study of epileptic brain networks, potentially providing new insights into the mechanisms of epilepsy, seizure prediction, diagnosis and treatment, prognosis, and the assessment of comorbidities.
