ObjectiveTo systematically review the efficacy of exercise intervention in adolescents with mild to moderate idiopathic scoliosis (AIS). MethodsPubMed, Web of Science, The Cochrane Library, WanFang Data and CNKI databases were electronically searched to collect randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on the efficacy of exercise intervention in adolescents with mild to moderate AIS from inception to November 2021. Two reviewers independently screened the literature, extracted data and assessed the risk of bias of the included studies. Meta-analysis was then performed using Stata 16.0 software. ResultsA total of 11 RCTs involving 638 patients were included. The results of meta-analysis showed that exercise intervention significantly improved the Cobb angle of the spine in patients with AIS (MD=?1.65, 95%CI ?2.63 to ?0.68, P<0.01), reduced the angle of trunk rotation (ATR) (MD=?0.68, 95%CI ?0.96 to ?0.40, P<0.01), and increased their forced vital capacity (FVC) (MD=0.63, 95%CI 0.10 to 1.15, P=0.02). However, there was no statistically significant improvement in the forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1) or the ratio of FEV1/FVC between the two groups. ConclusionCurrent evidence shows that the exercise intervention could improve the Cobb angle of the spine, reduce ATR and enhance FVC. Due to the limited quality and quantity of the included studies, more high-quality studies are needed to verify the above conclusion.
ObjectiveTo systematically evaluate the effects of different exercise interventions on weight management, body composition, metabolic health, and physical function in overweight or obese adults under caloric restriction. MethodsA comprehensive search was conducted up to October 2024 in PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, CNKI, and Cochrane Library databases. Two researchers independently screened the literature, extracted data, and assessed the risk of bias of the included studies. A meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.4 and Stata 14 software. ResultsA total of 60 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) involving 4 998 overweight/obese participants were included. The meta-analysis results indicated that, compared with the control group, aerobic exercise significantly reduced weight (MD=?3.94, 95%CI ?5.42 to ?2.46, P<0.05; BMI: MD=?1.32, 95%CI ?1.79 to ?0.84, P<0.05), and body fat percentage (MD =?1.41, 95%CI ?2.30 to ?0.52, P<0.05) in overweight/obese adults. For secondary outcomes, aerobic exercise significantly improved VO2max and decreased total cholesterol (CHO) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL), while the combination of aerobic and resistance exercise significantly reduced triglycerides (TG) and insulin resistance index. ConclusionExercise enhances weight loss, BMI reduction, body fat percentage reduction, and metabolic health improvement in conjunction with caloric restriction. Both aerobic and combined aerobic-resistance exercise interventions show beneficial multidimensional effects. However, some evidence remains uncertain, and future high-quality, long-term randomized controlled trials are needed to provide a solid foundation for personalized treatment plans.
ObjectivesTo evaluate the effects of physical exercises on the vision of students in China.MethodsTrials of the effects of physical exercises on students' vision were retrieved in databases of CNKI, WanFang Data, VIP, Web of Science, EBSCO, PubMed and The Cochrane Library from inception to September 2019. Two reviewers independently screened literature, extracted data and assessed risk of bias of included studies. Meta-analysis was carried out with RevMan 5.3 and Stata 13.0 software.ResultsA total of 8 studies including 681 students in the experimental group and 679 in the control group were included. The results of meta-analysis showed that physical exercises were beneficial to improving students' vision (SMD=1.02, 95%CI 0.90 to 1.13, P<0.000 01). The results of subgroup analysis showed that physical exercises in the elementary school students group (SMD=1.361, 95%CI 0.873 to 1.850, P<0.000 01), long period (>24 weeks) (SMD=1.502, 95%CI 0.984 to 2.019, P<0.000 01), medium frequency (3 times/week) (SMD=1.631, 95%CI 1.022 to 2.240, P<0.000 01), and short time (<90 min) (SMD=1.410, 95%CI 0.758 to 2.062, P<0.000 01) had superior results.ConclusionsPhysical exercises have beneficial effects on improving vision. Limited by quantity and quality of subjects, the above conclusions requires verification by more high-quality studies.
