OBJCTIVE :To investigate the fundus ocu]i changes in hypnxie isehemic encepbalnpa
ally(HIE)of new[x,rns. METHODS:One hundred and two newblt;~rns suffered from HIE were investi-
gated to observe lhe pathological neular fundus changes by di~et ophthabnoseopy after mydria~s. RE-
SULTS:Seventy seven ca.~s(154 eyes)were found to have ophthalmoscopic changes in the ~ular fundi
including papilledema .white retina vaseolar abnormality and hemorrhage. CONCLUSIONS:In clinical
view .the severity of HIE depends on the pathological ebanges of the brain .and ftmdus ahnormalby will
be very often in middle and .~vere sufforers of HIE.
Purpose
Observation on changes of choroidal circulation in 21 cases (42 eyes) of retinal dystrophies.
Methods
Fundus fluorescein angiography (ICGA) were used for comparartive analyses of the retinal and choroidal blood circulation of 21 cases (42 eyes) of retinal dystrophic diseases.
Results
The changes of choroidal circulation,i.e.slow perfusion or filling defects were observed in four kinds of retinal dystrophies.
Conclusion
ICGA may assist in providing valuable informations on choroidal circulation of retinal dystrophic diseases.
(Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis,1998,14:88-91)
Objective
To compare the characteristics of the results of fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA) and indocyanine green angiography (ICGA) in patients with classic choroidal neovasculazation (CNV).
Methods
The data of FFA and ICGA of 34 patients (36 eyes) with classic CNV were analyzed retrospectively and the results of the two examinations were analyzed contrastively.
Results
The results of FFA revealed the clew or cartheel-tike configuration of classic CNV at the early phase in 3 out of 15 eyes (20%) with age-related macular degeneration (AMD); in 5 out of 7 eyes with pathological myopia(71.4%); and in 9 out of 14 eyes with central exudative chorioretinopathy (CEC),(64.3%),In 36 eyes with classic CNV, the images of ICGA indicated CNV distinctly in 20 (55.6%) and indistinctly in 15 (41.6%); CNV was not detected by ICGA in 1 eye (2.8%); feeding blood vessels in 6 eyes (16.7%) were detected by ICGA but none by FFA.
Conclusions
At the early phase of FFA, the configuration of classic CNV is clew-like in eyes with pathological myopia and CEC, and erose in eyes with AMD. The image of ICGA which indicated the outline of classic CNV is not as clear as the one of FFA, but it can reveal the feeding vessels which FFA can not.
(Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis, 2006, 22: 217-209)
OBJECTIVE:To elucidate the nature of degenerations in canine peripheral retina and compare the degenerations with those in human peripheral retina. METHODS: Examining randomly the peripberal fundus of eighty eye balls of forty dogs wdh dissecting microscope. The lesions of degenerations were photographed and processed for light microscopic examination.
RESULTS:Typical Cystoid degeneralion,reticular degenerative retinoschisis, paving-stone degeneration, and lattice degeneration were discovered. The pathologic findings of these degenerations were same as or similar to those of the degenerations in human peripheral retina.
CONCLUSIONS:The atrophic retinal degenerations that are similar to human' s are present at peripheral fundus in canine eyes.
（Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis,1996,12: 151-152）
Objective
To investigate the value of indocyanine green angiography(ICGA) in evaluating circumscribed choroidal hemangiomas.
Methods
Color photography,funds fluorescein angiography(FFA) and (ICGA) were performed in 10 caese (10 eyes) of circumscribed choroidal hemangiomas.
Results
Among 10 affected eyes examined in this series,the tumors were better defined in this series,the FFA in 8 of them.ICGA showed the tumors were composed of irregular choroidal vasculature in earlyphase (1-5 seconds) of ICGA and quot;washed outquot; phenomenon in late phase of ICGA in all of 10 affected eyes.An adjacent disturbances of choroidal circulation in a sector downstream from the tumors in 9 eyes.
Conclusion
ICGA is useful in diagnosis and differential diagnosis of circumscribed choroidal hemanfiomas and helpful in the laser photocagulation treatment of the tumor.
(Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis,1998,14:81-83)
Objective
To detect the value of three-dimensional (3D) ultrasound diagnosis in common ocular fundus diseases.
Methods
Two-dimensional (2D) images of 38 patients with common ocular fundus diseases were three-dimensionally reconstructed via 3D ultrasound workstation. The 3D images reflecting the ocular diseases were analyzed.
Result
In 38 patients with common ocular fundus diseases, there was vitreous hemorrhage in 16 patients, retinal detachment in 12, choroidal detachment in 5, and intraocular space occupying lesion in 5. Compared with the 2D images, 3D reconstructed images reflect the lesions more intuitionistically, displayed the relationship between the lesions and the peripheral tissues more clearly, and revealed the blood flow more specifically. During a scanning examination, 3D reconstructed technology provided the diagnostic information of section of X, Y and Z axises simultaneously which shortened the time of examination; the condition of any point of lesions and the relation between the lesion and the peripheral tissues could be gotten by the tools like cut and chop provided by 3D imaging software itself, which avoided detecting the same lesion with different angles and lays and proved the diagnostic efficacy.
Conclusions
3D ultrasound diagnosis is better than 2D in diagnosis of vitreous, retina, choroid, and intraocular space occupying lesion. 3D ultrasound diagnosis is a complementarity for the 2D one, and the Z axis changes the former observational angles which may provide the new way of precise diagnosis.
(Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis, 2005, 21: 381-383)
Objective
To explore the frequency, clinical features, and characteristics of results of fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA) of uveitis related cystoid macular edema (CME).
Methods
The clinical data and FFA results of 67 patients (106 eyes) with posterior uveitis
examined in our hospital from July 2002 to June 2005 were collected. The clinical
features and characteristics of FFA images of CME were observed and analyzed.
Results
Among the106 eyes of 67 patients with uveitis,the CME was observed in 28 eyes (26.4%) of 18 patients, including 7 males and 11 females with the average age of (42.5plusmn;10.8) years. The dark area due to the choroidal fluorescence blocked by the macular edema was found at the early FFA phase, and th en followed by the punctate and sheetlike leakage of fluorescein; the capillar y was dilated at the venous phase, and the typical petaloid appearance was seen at the late phase because the fluorescein cumulated in several small vesicles in the macular area. After treated by corticosteroids and topical non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medicine and carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, the extent of CME diminished, and the visual acuity improved in varying degrees.
Conclusi ons
Uveitis may seriously harm the visual function, in which CME induces the damage of visual acuity. Early detection and timely treatment may prevent thepermanent visual damage.
(Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis, 2006, 22: 394-396)
Axon guidance molecules, slit glycoprotein (Slit) and Roundabout receptors (Robo) were firstly identified in the central neural system of Drosophila melanogaster. The Slit-Robo signal plays a crucial role in axon guidance, inflammation, tumor metastasis and angiogenesis, of which the role of Slit2-Robo pathway in angiogenesis has drawn a greater attention and still remains conflicting. Herein, we provide a review on the role of Slit2-Robo pathway in ocular angiogenesis and vascularization of other organs and systems. We hope this review will be the basis of further study on the mechanism of Slit2-Robo signaling on angiogenesis and provide new target for the therapy on ocular vascular disease
With the popularity and development of artificial intelligence (AI), disease screening systems based on AI algorithms are gradually emerging in the medical field. Such systems can be used for primary screening of diseases to relieve the pressure on primary health care. In recent years, AI algorithms have demonstrated good performance in the analysis and identification of lesion signs in the macular region of fundus color photography, and a screening system for fundus lesion signs applicable to primary screening is bound to emerge in the future. Therefore, to standardize the design and clinical application of the macular region lesion sign screening systems based on AI algorithms, the Ocular Fundus Diseases Group of Chinese Ophthalmological Society, in collaboration with relevant experts, has developed this guideline after investigating issues, discussing production evidence, and holding guideline workshops. This guideline aims to establish uniform standards for the definition of the macular region and lesion signs, AI adoption scenarios, algorithm model construction, datasets establishment and labeling, architecture and functions design, and image data acquisition for the screening system to guide the implementation of the screening work.
Diabetic retinopathy is a common blinding complication in diabetic patients. Compared with conventional fundus color photography, fundus fluorescein angiography can dynamically display retinal vessel permeability changes, offering unique advantages in detecting early small lesions such as microaneurysms. However, existing intelligent diagnostic research on diabetic retinopathy images primarily focuses on fundus color photography, with relatively insufficient research on complex lesion recognition in fluorescein angiography images. This study proposed an adaptive multi-label classification model (D-LAM) to improve the recognition accuracy of small lesions by constructing a category-adaptive mapping module, a label-specific decoding module, and an innovative loss function. Experimental results on a self-built dataset demonstrated that the model achieved a mean average precision of 96.27%, a category F1-score of 91.21%, and an overall F1-score of 94.58%, with particularly outstanding performance in recognizing small lesions such as microaneurysms (AP = 1.00), significantly outperforming existing methods. The research provides reliable technical support for clinical diagnosis of diabetic retinopathy based on fluorescein angiography.
