Objective
To investigate nosocomial infection rate in Intensive Care Unit (ICU), its risk factors and the pathogenic characteristics of multidrug-resistant bacteria through targeted monitoring, in order to provide scientific references for reducing nosocomial infection.
Methods
Targeted monitoring was performed on the patients who were admitted to the comprehensive ICU between July 2014 and June 2016.
Results
Nosocomial infection occurred in 312 of the 4 991 patients. The case infection rate was 6.25%, and case infection rate per day was 19.03‰. After the adjustment, the case infection rate per day was 6.77‰. The ventilator-associated pneumonia infection accounted for 30.78‰; catheter-related bloodstream infection occupied 0.30‰; and catheter-associated urinary tract infection accounted for 0.27‰. The respiratory tract was the major part of nosocomial infection, accounting for 90.38%. Gram-negative bacilli were the major bacteria accounting for 92.74%, in whichAcinetobacter baumannii accounted for 36.29%.
Conclusions
Through targeted monitoring to keep abreast of the current situation of nosocomial infection in ICU, management and interventions can be targeted. It is an important way to reduce nosocomial infection in ICU.
Objective
To explore the status of smoking and passive smoking of the population with the high risk of stroke in the community and their attitude towards smoking control.
Methods
In March 2015, under the direction of Stroke Screening and Prevention Projection, the residents with the high risk of stroke were sought out in Longfeng Community, Suining City, Sichuan Province. And then their status of smoking and passive smoking and their attitude towards smoking control was investigated by Passive Smoking Questionnaire for Adults from National Smoking Control Office.
Results
A total of 354 residents with the high risk of stroke were sought out, in whom 152 (42.9%) were smokers, and the smoking rate of males (70.1%) and females (1.4%) was significantly different (P<0.001). Those aged 40-49 had the highest smoking rate (55.0%), followed by those aged 50-59 (51.7%), and smokers of the two age groups accounted for 73.0% of all smokers. There was significant difference in smoking rate among different age groups (P<0.001). The smoking rate of those with a lower education level of primary school (57.9%) was the highest, and there were significant differences in smoking rates among the population with different education levels (P<0.001). The smoking rate of the solitary (95.7%) was higher than that of the non solitary (34.9%) (P<0.001). In 202 non-smokers, 67 (33.2%) was suffered from passive smoking, and the rate of passive smoking was 31.3% in males and 62.3% in females with a significant difference (P<0.001). The proportion of the female non-smokers against passive smoking (84.1%) was higher than that of the male non-smokers (57.8%). According to the participants report, 79.9% of participants approved completely non-smoking in hospital, school and public transport, 66.4% approved non-smoking in the office and traffic station, and only 10.2% approved non-smoking in the restaurants.
Conclusions
The rates of smoking and passive smoking among the population with the high risk of stroke are high, and most of the population are supportive to smoke prohibition in public places except restaurants. The population with a low cultural level is short of smoking harm knowledge.
Objective To investigate the microbial contamination status of ultrasonic coupling gel and probe surfaces in hospital, and to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of infections related to ultrasonic examinations. Methods A cluster sampling combined with convenience sampling method was adopted. In March 2025, three departments in Suining Central Hospital with high-frequency ultrasound examinations, namely the Physical Examination Center, Ultrasonic Imaging Department and Emergency Department of the hospital, were selected for sampling for 2 consecutive weeks, which covered the morning and afternoon of working days from Monday to Friday. Microbial culture and counting were conducted on the ultrasound probes for intact skin contact, which were standby after routine cleaning and disinfection in the departments, as well as the in-use ultrasonic coupling gel. Meanwhile, the dominant bacterial strains cultured were identified. Results A total of 168 samples of standby ultrasonic probes and 129 samples of in-use ultrasonic coupling gel were collected. The total colony count qualified rate of standby ultrasonic probes was 44.64% (75/168), with 58.67% (44/75) in the Physical Examination Center, 57.14% (8/14) in the Emergency Department, and 29.11% (23/79) in the Ultrasonic Imaging Department. There was a statistically significant difference in the qualified rate of probes among different departments (P<0.05). The total colony count qualified rate of in-use ultrasonic coupling gel samples was 29.46% (38/129), including 50.00% (3/6) in the Emergency Department, 33.33% (15/45) in the Physical Examination Center, and 25.64% (20/78) in the Ultrasonic Imaging Department. There was no statistically significant difference in the qualified rate of coupling gel among different departments (P>0.05). Bacterial species identification showed that the types of contaminating bacteria in in-use ultrasonic coupling gel and standby ultrasonic probes were similar, mainly Burkholderia pyrrocinia accounting for 65.76% (121/184), Burkholderia stabilis accounting for 28.80% (53/184). Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, and mold were not detected. Conclusions The standby ultrasonic probes and in-use ultrasonic coupling gel in the hospital have microbial contamination, with Burkholderia cepacia complex as the main contaminating bacteria. This poses a risk of nosocomial infection and requires further strengthening of management.
