Objective
To explore the correlation between gender and long-term prognosis of patients with type-B acute aortic dissection (AAD) after endovascular therapy (EVT).
Methods
From January to December 2012, all patients with type-B AAD undergoing EVT were enrolled by retrospective and observational study. They were divided into male and female groups. Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to analyze the correlation between gender and the cumulative survival rate.
Results
A total of 131 tyep-B AAD patients who had undergone EVT were selected, including 97 males (74.0%), and 34 females (26.0%). The medium follow-up duration was 2.1 years. Smoking history, cholesterol, white blood cell count, hemoglobin, creatinine and uric acid of the patients in males were higher than those in females (P<0.05); while the difference in other indexes were not significant (P>0.05). The inhospital mortality of male patients was 10 (10.3%), and was 3 (8.8%) in female patients; there was no significant difference between the two groups (P=0.803). Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that there was no significant difference in cumulative survival rate between the two groups (84.5% vs. 82.4%; Logrank test χ2=0.023, P=0.880).
Conclusion
No correlation between gender and long-term prognosis in patients with type-B AAD after EVT is found.
Objective To observe the clinical characteristics of non arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION) in patients of different genders. MethodsA retrospective clinical analysis. A total of 183 cases (246 eyes) of NAION with complete diagnosis and treatment confirmed by Departments of Neuro-ophthalmology/Acupuncture and Moxibustion of Eye Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences from June 2018 to December 2023 were included. Among them, 101 cases (138 eyes) were male and 82 cases (108 eyes) were female. Their age was (59.2±9.8) years. The number of right and left eyes were 120 and 126, respectively. The patient's gender, age, disease course, history of hypertension, history of diabetes, history of hyperlipidemia, history of smoking and drinking, best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), intraocular pressure, and peripapillary Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer (pRNFL) thickness were recorded in detail. Visual field defects were classified into diffuse defects, ring scotoma, fan-shaped or wedge-shaped defects, upper and lower half defects, arcuate scotoma, and quadrantanopia. Logistic regression analysis was utilized to determine whether gender was an independent factor affecting the degree of visual field impairment in NAION. ResultsCompared with female patients, male patients showed earlier onset age, a shorter interval between binocular onsets, a higher morbidity rate of hyperlipidemia, and a higher proportion with history of smoking and drinking, with statistically significant differences (P＜0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in disease duration, intraocular pressure, pRNFL thickness, and intraocular perfusion pressure between patients of different genders (P＞0.05). Female patients exhibited better BCVA than male patients, but the difference was not statistically significant (P＞0.05). The degree of visual field impairment in female patients was significantly better than that in males. Males' visual field defects were mostly in the lower half, while females' defects were mostly of arcuate scotoma, with statistically significant differences (P＜0.05). The results of multiple logistic regression analysis showed that the gender of male was an independent risk factor for severe visual field impairment in NAION patients (odds ratio=2.936, 95% confidence interval 1.275-6.763, P=0.011). ConclusionsMale NAION patients have an earlier onset age and a shorter interval between the initial and contralateral eye onset. Male patients exhibit a more severe degree of visual field impairment, which is mostly manifested as lower half visual field defect. While female patients tend to develop arcuate scotoma. After adjusting for other influencing factors, the gender of male remains an independent risk factor for severe visual impairment in NAION patients.
ObjectiveTo explore the spectrum and frequency of respiratory symptoms in outpatients clinics.MethodsPatients were enrolled from outpatient clinic of Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease. Information about respiratory symptoms especially cough was obtained from the survey questionnaire from July 2013 to August 2013 .ResultsA total of 900 were eligible out of 939 questionnaires. The mean age of the patients was (48.9±18.3) years, 453 (50.3%) were males, 447 (49.7%) were females. The cases of cough, wheeze, polypnea, chest distress, pharyngalgia, catarrh, chest pain, throat itching, fever, hemoptysis and other symptom was 687 (76.3%), 310 (34.4%), 307 (34.1%), 173 (19.2%), 107 (11.9%), 101 (11.2%), 82 (9.1%), 59 (6.6%), 36 (4.0%), 10 (1.1%) and 129 (14.3%) out of the patients, respectively. In patients with cough, 69.5% of them considered cough as their predominant symptom, and 22.1% of them reported that cough was the only symptom. 56.3% of cases were chronic cough, while acute and subacute cough accounted for 29.7% and 14.0%, separately. The proportion of female in acute cough was significantly higher than that of males (60.3%vs. 39.7%, P<0.01).ConclusionsCough, especially the chronic cough is the most common reason for patients who seeking health care in outpatient clinic of respirologist. There are more females suffered from acute cough than males.
Objective
To investigate the difference in first onset age, family history and medication compliance between male and female patients with schizophrenia in communities.
Methods
We used self-designed questionnaire to survey and analyze 372 cases of schizophrenia between June to August 2014.
Results
There were no significant differences between male and female schizophrenic patients in the family history, personality before the disease, education level, age, and the onset type and disease course (P > 0.05). The first onset age of male patients [(24.92±8.22) years] was significantly earlier than female patients [(27.02±11.28) years] and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). The number of unmarried male patients (115, 58.97%) was significantly more than unmarried females (81, 45.76%) and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). The full medication compliance rate of female patients (127, 71.75%) was significantly better than that of male patients (115, 58.97%) (P < 0.05).
Conclusion
The first onset age, marital status and medication compliance are significantly different between the two genders of patients with schizophrenia, which indicates that prevention, treatment and recovery measures for male and female patients should be differentiated.
ObjectiveTo analyze the trends and major risk factors of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) disease burden by gender in China and globally from 1990 to 2021, and to predict ICH incidence and mortality in China and globally by gender from 2022 to 2046. MethodsBased on the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021 (GBD 2021), data on ICH in China and globally from 1990 to 2021 were collected. Age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR), age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR), and age-standardized disability-adjusted life years (ASDR) were used to assess ICH disease burden and risk factors by gender. Joinpoint regression models were employed to calculate annual percentage change (APC) and average annual percentage change (AAPC) for trend analysis. The Bayesian age-period-cohort (BAPC) model was applied to predict ICH incidence and mortality from 2022 to 2046. ResultsFrom 1990 to 2021, ASIR, ASMR, and ASDR for ICH in China and globally showed declining trends across genders (P<0.05). For males in China and globally, the AAPC for ASIR was ?1.63% (95%CI ?1.69% to ?1.57%) and ?1.14% (95%CI ?1.20% to ?1.07%), respectively. For females in China and globally, the AAPC for ASIR was ?2.27% (95%CI ?2.35% to ?2.18%) and ?1.40% (95%CI ?1.40% to ?1.33%), respectively. The AAPC for ASMR in Chinese and global males was ?1.81% (95%CI ?2.07% to ?1.55%) and ?1.29% (95%CI ?1.43% to ?1.15%), respectively, while for females in China and globally, it was ?2.74% (95%CI ?2.94% to ?2.54%) and ?1.69% (95%CI ?1.82% to ?1.55%), respectively. The AAPC for ASDR in Chinese and global males was ?1.91% (95%CI ?2.11% to ?1.72%) and ?1.39% (95%CI ?1.52% to ?1.26%), respectively, and for females in China and globally, it was ?2.93% (95%CI ?3.07% to ?2.79%) and ?1.85% (95%CI ?1.96% to ?1.74%), respectively. By 2046, the predicted ASIR for ICH in Chinese and global males is projected to be 38.08/100 000 and 44.23/100 000, respectively, and 28.27/100 000 and 29.15/100 000 for Chinese and global females. The ASMR is predicted to reach 37.01/100 000 and 68.57/100 000 for Chinese and global males, and 22.39/100 000 and 29.45/100 000 for Chinese and global females, respectively. ConclusionThe disease burden of ICH in China has demonstrated a declining trend, yet it persistently exceeds global averages and exhibits pronounced gender disparities. There is an urgent need to enhance focus on these gender?specific variations and implement precisely targeted interventions tailored to the distinct risk factor profiles of each gender, in order to achieve further reductions in ICH?related disease burden.
ObjectiveTo explore the correlation between coronary artery plaque composition and the gender via 128-slice spiral CT coronary angiography (128-SCTCA).
MethodsBetween January and December 2012, 143 patients with coronary artery plaque diagnosed by 128-SCTCA were selected. The patients were divided into group A (no more than 50 years old, n=37) and group B (over 50 years old, n=106).
ResultsThere were 29 male patients in group A, with 70 plaques including 30 fibrous plaques, 17 mixed plaques, 11 soft plaques, 12 calcified plaques; and the other 8 female patients had 13 plaques including 7 fibrous plaques, 2 mixed plaques, 2 soft plaques, and 2 calcified plaques. In group B, 56 male patients had 116 plaques, including 48 mixed plaques, 40 fibrous plaques, 14 soft plaques and 14 calcified plaques; the other 50 female patients had 90 plaques, including 36 mixed plaques, 22 fibrous plaques, and 16 soft plaques and calcified plaques. The differences of the plaque composition between males and females were not significant both in group A (χ2=0.664, P>0.05) and group B (χ2=3.708, P>0.05).
ConclusionThere is no obvious correlation between gender and coronary plaque composition.
ObjectiveTo explore the influence factors of gallstone.
MethodsClinical data of 511 patients who were admitted to our hospital from Apr. 2015 to Apr. 2016 were retrospectively analyzed.
ResultsOf 511 patients, there were 274 patients with gallstone (gallstone group) and 237 patients without gallstone (control group). Univariate analysis results showed that, no significant difference of age, gender, and diabetes was found between gallstone group and control group (P > 0.050), but the levels of serum total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low density lipoprotein (LDL-C), and fasting blood glucose (FBG) were significantly higher in patients of gallstone group (P < 0.050), but the level of serum high density lipoprotein (HDL-C) was significantly lower in patients of gallstone group (P=0.001). Logistic regression results showed that four factors including diabetes〔OR=4.491; 95% CI is (2.021, 9.976); P < 0.001〕, the serum TC〔OR=2.548; 95% CI is (1.944, 3.338); P < 0.001〕, HDL-C〔OR=0.115; 95% CI is (0.056, 0.237); P < 0.001〕, and FBG〔OR=1.277; 95% CI is (1.086, 1.502); P=0.003〕 entered the final regression model after controlling confounding factors. The results showed that patients who combined with diabetes, high levels of serum TC and FBG, and low level of serum HDL-C, had higher ratio of galls-tone.
ConclusionDiabetes, high-level of serum TC and FBG, low-level of serum HDL-C were risk factors of gallstone.
Objective To investigate the differences in biological features between male and female patients with obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome( OSAHS) . Methods 192 cases of patients with snoring were analyzed in the Sleep Medicine Center of West ChinaHospital fromSeptember 2004 to February 2005. The standard sleep disorder questionnaires, neck circumference, hight, weight, and all night polysomnography ( PSG) were evaluated. The clinical features of the male and female patients with OSAHS were compared. Results 170 cases of patients met the criteria of OSAHS for the apnea-hypopnea index ( AHI) more than 5 times per hour. Male gender accounted for 90% of the total patients ( male vs. female 153 vs. 17, 9∶1) . The age of male patients with OSAHS was younger than that of female ( 45. 7 ±11. 4 yearsvs. 58. 0 ±6. 1 years, P = 0. 000) . Parameters including neck circumference ( 37. 6 ±3. 2 cm vs. 35. 6 ±3. 2 cm, P =0. 000) , waist/hip rate ( 0. 94 ±0. 04 vs. 0. 9 ±0. 06, P = 0. 000) , AHI ( 36. 4 ±25. 7 vs.21. 4 ±17. 4, P =0. 004) , oxygen desaturation index ( 34. 5 ±27. 4 vs. 22. 2 ±20. 8, P =0. 035) , the number of smoking ( 52. 9% vs. 5. 9% , P = 0. 000) and drinking ( 46. 4% vs. 5. 9% , P = 0. 001) were different among the male and female patients with OSAHS. On the other hand, the morning headache ( 70. 6% vs.26. 1%, P = 0. 005) , mouth dry( 76. 5% vs. 47. 7% , P = 0. 025) , bad temper ( 52. 9% vs. 19. 0% , P =0. 004) , and hypertension ( 52. 9% vs. 20. 9% , P =0. 007) were more common in the female patients with OSAHS. Conclusion There are significant differences between male and female patients with OSAHS in prevalence, age, symptoms, and severity of the disease.
ObjectiveTo analyze the glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) level among healthy adults in Quanzhou area and explore distribution of HbA1c concentration by age and gender, and establish relevant reference range.
MethodsUnder the standardized test of HbA1c, HbA1c concentrations of 1 931 healthy adults were determined by HLC-723 G8 HbA1c analyzer (TOSOH corp, Japan) and its agents. HbA1c levels of different age (18-30, 31-40, 41-50, 51-60, >60) and gender groups were compared, percentile was adopted to establish the corresponding HbA1c reference range of healthy adults in Quanzhou area according to "WS/T402-12-2012. Define and Determine the Reference Interval in Clinical Laboratory" and CLSI C28-A3.
ResultsThe total HbA1c levels among healthy adults in Quanzhou area were 3.8%-6.4% (5.31%±0.40%), and the total HbA1c levels among male and female healthy adults in Quanzhou area were 5.55%±0.36% and 5.47%±0.43%, respectively, HbA1c concentration between different gender were statistically significant (P≤0.01). Compared in HbA1c levels of different age (18-30, 31-40, 41-50, 51-60, >60) and gender groups: the difference of HbA1c concentration between different gender in 18-30 years and 31-40 years group was statistically significant (P<0.05) and on the contrary the remaining three age groups were no statistically significant. Compared in HbA1c levels of different age groups in male: the difference of HbA1c concentration between different age groups in 31-40 years and 41-50 years group were no statistically significant (P>0.05), but statistically significant (P<0.05) in the remaining three age groups. The difference of HbA1c concentration between different age groups in female were statistically significant (all P values ≤0.01). The reference intervals of HbA1c for males and females were 4.8%-6.2% and 4.6%-6.3%, respectively, with statistically significant (P=0.000); the reference intervals of HbA1c according to age and gender were: for 18-30 years in males and females were 4.6%-6.0% and 4.4%-6.0%, respectively, with statistically significant (P≤0.01); for 31-40 years in males and females were 4.7%-6.0% and 4.7%-6.2%, respectively, with statistically significant (P≤0.01); for 41-50 years, 51-60 years, >60 years in males and females were no statistically significant (P>0.05), the reference intervals were 4.8%-6.2%, 4.8%-6.4%, and 5.1%-6.4%, respectively. Compared in HbA1c reference intervals in this paper with ADA and Chinese Clinical Operating Program, the difference were statistically significant (P=0.000).
ConclusionUnder the standardized test of HbA1c, HbA1c concentrations of age and gender groups of 1 931 healthy adults in Quanzhou area are partial different, the reference interval of HbA1c of age and gender groups for healthy adults in Quanzhou area are established.
ObjectiveTo summarize the research progress of the design and effectiveness of gender-specific prosthesis in total knee arthroplasty (TKA).
MethodsThe relevant literature on gender-specific prosthesis in recent years was extensively reviewed and analyzed.
ResultsGender-specific prosthesis is designed according to the female knee joint anatomical characteristics. In theory, it should obtain better effectiveness. But a large number of clinical studies have shown that the knee function, pain, and satisfaction has no obvious advantage when compared with conventional prosthesis after TKA for female patient.
ConclusionComprehensive evaluation should be considered when gender-specific is selected; and the effectiveness needs further follow-up.
