ObjectiveTo understand the levels of and influencing factors for knowledge of earthquake in the elderly population.
MethodPeople who were older than 60 years in the earthquake area of Sichuan Province were surveyed by self-designed earthquake knowledge scale composed of 6 items with a point of 1-5 for each item between October and November 2013. The total score ranged from 6 to 30 points.
ResultsUp to 1 509 elderly people participated the survey. The total score of earthquake knowledge was 13.33±4.85. The main resource for acquiring those knowledge was TV (76.87%). Occupation, education level, residency, marital status, residence, self-injury, health status, access to earthquake knowledge, and worrying about earthquake were related factors for their knowledge on earthquake (P<0.05). Regression analysis showed that the higher degree of education, having a spouse, living in city, more access to earthquake knowledge, worrying about earthquake were the promotion factors for earthquake knowledge preparedness. Self-injury, poor health were the factors that hindered the acquiring of earthquake knowledge preparedness.
ConclusionsIt is necessary to train knowledge of earthquake for elderly people individually because they lack enough resources and tend to be affected by many factors.
ObjectiveTo investigate the knowledge related to evidence-based medicine (EBM) in the medical students of Hubei University of Medicine using a cross-sectional survey approach.
MethodsWe conducted an investigation on 600 medical students (extracted by stratified random sampling) from different majors and different grades who were at school using a pre-designed questionnaire from May 10th to May 12th, 2013. The data were analyzed with Microsoft Excel 2007.
ResultsA total of 545 valid questionnaires were recovered with an effective recovery rate of 90.8%. The results showed that 58.5% of the participants heard of EBM for the first time or once heard of it but knew nothing; 38.2% had learnt some knowledge about EBM. However, only 3.3% were familiar with it; all the participants suggested EBM teaching should be performed.
ConclusionThe knowledge related to EBM in the medical students of Hubei University of Medicine is low. However, their study attitude towards EBM is pretty good. The level of EBM teaching needs to be improved.
Objectives To evaluate pulmonary physicians’knowledge level about prevention and treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease( COPD) in some urban areas in China. Methods A total of 258 pulmonary physicians were interviewed face-to-face in 24 hospitals from July to October in 2006. The questionnaire included the knowledge of COPD, prescriptions at initial visit and follow-up, pulmonary function test monitoring, assessment and intervention in stable COPD, knowledge and evaluation of the commonly used medicines, the effects of smoking cessation and adopted measures, as well as the knowledge of treatment prospects and patients’ education. Results Eighty-eight percent of pulmonary physicians considered themselves knowledgeable on COPD, and 95% were familiar with the severity classification. Most of them knew about GOLD and Chinese Guideline of Prevention and Treatment to COPD, and paid attention to chest X-ray and pulmonary function test during diagnosis. The standards in evaluation of stable COPD patients were not well understood, and 92% of physicians claimed for pulmonary function test in stable stage. Seventy-nine percent of physicians actively suggested the patients quit smoking. The prescription for COPD patients at iniative and maintenance therapy met the guideline on the whole, but the mucolytic agents were appreciated too much and used too frequently. Thirty-three percent of physicians took it necessary to treat stable COPD,and 69% believed that pharmacotherapy for stable COPD could rersult in satisfactory quality of life.Conclusions In some big cities in China, the pulmonary physicians have good knowledge about COPD. But long-term prevention and intervention, especially in pharmacotherapy, are still unsatisfactory.
Testing Treatments is a book to help the public understand how to validate the efficacy of testing treatments and the possible bias and error in clinical trial, as well as to call for help to promote good study thus to improve the quality of health care. No matter for the first or the second edition, this book is very popular around the world, and its second edition has been translated into more than ten languages. To help the readers understand the content of the book, we established a website (www.testingtreatments.org) and other sibling sites in different languages. The website not only provided the full-texts to download, but also collected various popular science resources (videos, audios and cartoons) to help the readers assimilate more knowledge. The editors of all the different language websites have established an TTi Editorial Alliance to share experience and provide each other with mutual support, thus to promote health professionals, patients and public around the world to use reliable research to inform their health decisions.
Objective To learn and evaluate the effect of health education of schistosomiasis in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area, so as to provide scientific basis for establishing the comprehensive prevention and control model in potential epidemic area of schistosomiasis. Methods Through adopting the multi-stage stratified cluster sampling method, the questionnaires were distributed to residents selected randomly from the demonstration, inside and outside control areas. The survey data were input with EpiData 3.0 software by two reviewers, and the differences among groups were analyzed by using SPSS 18.0 software to further evaluate the effect of health education of schistosomiasis. Results All the questionnaires distributed to 1 420 residents were retrieved (100%). The results of analysis showed that for the residents in the demonstration area, the average score of being aware of schistosomiasis prevention was (7.51±2.89), which was markedly higher than those in the inside (2.52±2.97) and the outside (3.13±3.51) control areas, with significant differences (Plt;0.05); and the passing rates were 78.15%, which was also obviously higher than those in the inside (17.26%) and the outside control areas (32.16%), with significant differences (Plt;0.05). Conclusion The health education of schistosomiasis can improve residents’ knowledge about schistosomiasis prevention, and it is very important to prevent and control the potential prevalence of schistosomiasis in the Three Gorges Area.
Objective To learn the impact of health education on schistosomiasis among high school students in Wanzhou area of Three Gorges Reservoir, and to evaluate its effects. Methods The stratified multi-level cluster randomized sampling was used to survey 566 high school students in Wanzhou and Yunyang areas, and the questionnaire was used to investigate their recognition of schistosomiasis. Results After one-year health education on schistosomiasis, the passing rate of the knowledge about schistosomiasis prevention among high school students in demonstration area raised from 9.43% to 98.87% (χ2=463.46, P=0.000), which was higher than that of the inside and outside control areas (χ2=312.92, P=0.000); the passing rate of the attitude and belief of schistosomiasis prevention were 98.12%, which was higher than that of the inside and outside control areas (χ2=109.49, P=0.000); 56.02% of high school students in demonstration area had no susceptible behavior of schistosomiasis, which was higher than that of the inside and outside control areas (χ2=237.53, P=0.000). Conclusion Health education on schistosomiasis can efficiently improve the awareness of schistosomiasis prevention among high school students, and has important meanings for controlling potential epidemics and spread of schistosomiasis in Wanzhou area of Three Gorges Reservoir.
Objective To learn and analyse the current clinicians’ knowledge and attitudes towards patient safety, and to provide relevant evidence for future medical education. Method We conducted a survey on clinicians mainly in West China Hospital of Sichuan University with group random sampling method. We analysed the data on the clinicians’ knowledge and attitudes with SPSS softerware. Result Totally 300 questionnaires were distributed, of which 258 were completed adequately. The results showed the clinicians’ knowledge on patient safety was poor, however, the respcnse from the clinicians in Outpatient Department were better than those in Inpatient Department. The majority of the clinicians (above 95.00%) were willing to learn the knowledge of patient safety. Conclusion As the clinicians are willing to learn the knowledge of patient safety positively, it is necessary to integrate patient safety education into the current medical education curriculum.
ObjectiveTo understand the pre-hospital emergency medical staff's knowledge on crush injury and crush syndrome, and the influence of active and effective pre-hospital measures on the prognosis of patients with crush injury.
MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 51 patients with crush injury treated from September 2004 to August 2014, and recorded the number of cases in which pre-hospital emergency medical staff recognized and/or took effective measures to control crush syndrome. Treatment group included those patients who accepted effective prevention and control measures, and the rest of the patients were included in the control group. We compared the two groups of patients in terms of the incidence of serious complications such as crush syndrome and amputation.
ResultsTwenty-five cases (49.0%) of crush injury were recognized before the patients were admitted into the hospital, among whom 20 (39.2%) accepted effective preventive and control measures. The mangled extremity severity score between the two groups of patients had no significant difference (6.69±1.96 vs. 7.23±3.54, P>0.05). After being admitted into the hospital, the treatment group had one complication case of crush injury, while the control group had 10 complication cases including 7 of crush injury and 3 of amputation. The complication rate of the treatment group (5.0%) was significantly lower than that of the control group (32.3%, P<0.05).
ConclusionActive and effective prehospital preventive and control measures are very important in the treatment of crush syndrome and reduction of morbidity, but the pre-hospital emergency personnel's knowledge of crush injury and crush syndrome is not enough.
Objective To identify patterns in information sharing between a series of Chinese evidence based medicine (EBM) journals and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, to determine key evidence dissemination areas for EBM and to provide a scientific basis for improving the dissemination of EBM research. Method Data were collected on citing and cited from the Chinese Journal of Evidence-Based Medicine (CJEBM), Journal of Evidence-Based Medicine (JEBMc), Chinese Journal of Evidence Based Pediatrics (CJEBP), and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (CDSR). Relationships between citations were visualized. High-frequency key words from these sources were identified, to build a word co-occurrence matrix and to map research subjects. Result CDSR contains a large collection of information of relevance to EBM and its contents are widely cited across many journals, suggesting a well-developed citation environment. The content and citation of the Chinese journals have been increasing in recent years. However, their citation environments are much less developed, and there is a wide variation in the breadth and strength of their knowledge communication, with the ranking from highest to lowest being CJEBM, JEBMc and CJEBP. The content of CDSR is almost exclusively Cochrane intervention reviews examining the effects of healthcare interventions, so it’s contribution to EBM is mostly in disease control and treatment. On the other hand, the Chinese journals on evidence-based medicine and practice focused more on areas such as education and research, design and quality of clinical trials, evidence based policymaking, evidence based clinical practice, tumor treatment, and pediatrics. Conclusion Knowledge and findings of EBM are widely communicated and disseminated. However, citation environments and range of knowledge communication differ greatly between the journals examined in this study. This finds that Chinese EBM has focused mainly on clinical medicine, Traditional Chinese Medicine, pediatrics, tumor treatment, nursing, health economic and management, and medical education. Internationally, EBM research topics have begun to shift, from drug treatment to surgery or other non-pharmacological treatments; from therapy to diagnosis, rehabilitation, and prevention; from evidence based clinical practice to evidence based management and policymaking. The philosophy and method of EBM, evidence production and translation are also shifting from well resourced settings to low- and middle-income countries, especially those in which English is not a major language.
This article illustrates the development, current status and future prospects of knowledge translation. Its importance and necessity are introduced and some measurements or approaches to promote knowledge translation are discussed.
