【摘要】 目的 分析宜賓市第二人民醫院2009年門、急診麻醉藥品的使用情況，促進麻醉藥品使用的合理化和規范化。 方法 對2009年門急診1 420張麻醉藥品處方進行統計，統計處方總數，麻醉藥品臨床使用分布情況，根據藥品分類分別統計麻醉藥品的用藥總量，各種麻醉藥品的處方所占的比例，實際用藥總天數等。對非癌癥處方以用藥頻率及藥物利用指數（DUI）為指標，癌癥處方以用藥天數及平均日用藥量為指標進行進行統計、分析、評價。 結果 門急診的麻醉藥品有8種，鹽酸嗎啡緩釋片的總用量居首位，鹽酸哌替啶針在急診處方中出現頻率較高，芬太尼透皮貼劑的用藥頻度較小，藥物利用指數均≤1。 結論 宜賓市第二人民醫院的急診麻醉藥品使用基本合理。A total of 1 420 pieces of narcotic drugs prescriptions for the outpatient in our hospital in 2009 were extracted. The total number of prescriptions, the distribution of the clinical use of narcotic drugs, the total amount of narcotic drugs according to different types, the proportion of each kind of narcotic drug prescription and the actual number of medication durations were counted and analyzed. Defined daily dose (DDD) and drug use index (DUI) of the non-cancer drugs prescription; meanwhile, the number of drug-using days and average daily amount of cancer drug prescription were statistically analyzed. Results There were eight kinds of narcotic drugs for the outpatients. The most total amount of narcotic drugs was morphine hydrochloride sustained release tablets; the medication frequency of pethidine injection in the emergency prescription was high and the medication frequency of transdermal fentanyl was low. The narcotic drugs utilization index was lower than one. Conclusion The use of narcotic drugs in our hospital is rational.
Cancer prevention and control is an important healthcare task towards major diseases of the Chinese people and an important part of the “Healthy China 2030” plan outline. This article summarizes and introduces the current status and practical experience of subnational cancer prevention and treatment status in Yibin City and Ya’an City of Sichuan Province. Lung cancer, digestive system cancers, and cervical and breast cancers compose of the majority of cancers with high incidence. In the aspect of cancer epidemiology, there are certain disparities among cities and between urban and rural areas, among which the mortality risk of cancer in rural areas is higher. In Yibin and Ya’an cities, the specialized agencies and governance system for subnational cancer prevention and control are still in the early stage of development, and the background data such as cancer-specific survival rate, public awareness of core knowledge on cancer prevention and control, quality control of key techniques, and healthcare resources in subnational areas are still unclear. Therefore, all levels of cancer prevention and control need further strengthening the organizational leadership and system construction, and promoting the hierarchic healthcare and balanced development.
