Objective
To discuss the diagnostic and differential diagnostic value of ultrasonography for primary testicular lymphoma (PTL) by studying the ultrasonographical image characteristics.
Methods
Thirty-one patients with PTL confirmed by postoperative histopathology between 2005 and 2015 were chosen to be the study subjects. We retrospectively analyzed their ultrasonographical features and clinical data.
Results
Most PTL patients were elderly men, and the initial symptom was mainly painless testis enlargement. Thirty-nine testicles were involved in the primary testicular lymphoma, including 23 unilateral and 8 bilateral. In the 31 patients, 22 had diffuse lesions and 9 nodal. Ultrasonography showed that most tumors were hypoechoic lesions, and part of them were hyperechoic linearly. The lesions had abundant blood flow signals with a low resistance index.
Conclusions
In elderly patients with painless testicular enlargement, the possibility of primary testicular lymphoma must be fist considered. Manifestations of primary testicular lymphoma have some distinctive characteristics, and combined with clinical history, they are helpful for the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of PTL.
【摘要】 目的 探討彈性成像在甲狀腺微小癌診斷中的應用價值。 方法 回顧性分析從2007年12月-2008年4月間經病理證實的10例甲狀腺微小癌患者共11個病灶的超聲表現。 結果 彩色多普勒超聲診斷甲狀腺微小癌8例8個病灶，利用彈性成像技術診斷10例10灶。傳統彩色多普勒超聲對甲狀腺微小癌的診斷率為72.7%；利用彈性成像技術對甲狀腺微小癌的診斷率為90.9%。 結論 彈性成像技術對于甲狀腺微小癌是對彩色多普勒超聲檢查的有益的補充，能夠顯著提高超聲對甲狀腺微小癌診斷的準確性。【Abstract】 Objective To evaluate the application of US-elastography in diagnosis of thyroid microcacinoma. Methods The images of color ultrasound and ultrasound elastography from 11 lesions of 10 patients with thyroid micro-carcinoma diagnosed via histopathology between December 2007 and April 2008 were retrospectively analyzed. Results Eight patients with eight lesions were found by colour ultrasound and 10 patients with 10 lesions were observed by ultrasound elastography. The diagnosis accurate rate of ultrasonography was about 72.7% and of ultrasound elastography was about 90.0%. Conclusion US-Elastography is a beneficial addition in diagnosis of thyroid microcacinoma by colour ultrasound. It can remarkably develop the accurate rate of the diagnosis of the disease.
【摘要】 目的 分析超聲對腺性膀胱炎的誤、漏診原因，探討減少其誤、漏診的方法。 方法 回顧性分析2006年1月-2010年2月經病理證實的135例腺性膀胱炎的聲像圖表現。 結果 135例腺性膀胱炎患者中，超聲誤診26例，誤診率19.3%，漏診11例，漏診率8.2%。誤診的主要原因：乳頭結節型和團塊型與膀胱腫瘤聲像圖極為相似、容易混淆，超聲醫師對膀胱壁各層次的觀察不仔細，對病史重視不夠；漏診的主要原因：膀胱充盈不佳或不充盈，病變體積太小、位于前壁或頂部，或病變位于膀胱后壁及頸部被明顯增生的前列腺、膀胱內血凝塊及膀胱結石等掩蓋。 結論 超聲是診斷腺性膀胱炎常用方法，但存在一定的誤、漏診，改進檢查方法，可減少其誤、漏診發生。【Abstract】 Objective To analyze the reasons of missed diagnosis and misdiagnosis of glandularis cystitis by ultrasonography. Methods The sonographic outcomes of 135 patients with glandular cystitis diagnosed by pathological examination from January 2006 to February 2010 were retrospectively analyzed. Results In 135 patients, misdiagnosis was in 26 with a rate of 19.3%, missed diagnosis was in 11 with a rate of 8.2%. The reasons of misdiagnosis included: the sonographic outcomes of mastoid and tuberculous conglomeration were similar to those of bladder tumour; the ultrasonographic professionals didn’t clearly observe each layer of the bladder wall, and didn’t pay enough attention to the disease history. The reasons of missed diagnosis included: the bladder was under-filled or unfilled, the size of the lesions were too small and were located at the anterior wall or the top, and the lesions were located at the posterior wall and neck of the bladder which were covered up by obvious prostate hyperplasia,and gores or stones of bladder so that the lesions could not be observed. Conclusion Ultrasonography is a usual method for diagnosing glandular cystitis,and we should ameliorate the examination to decrease the misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis.
【摘要】 目的 探討超聲顯像對腎上腺腫瘤的定位、定性診斷與鑒別診斷價值。 方法 對 2003年1月-2009年1月125例疑為腎上腺腫瘤患者進行超聲及CT檢查，并經手術與病理證實。超聲顯像診斷后經手術與病理證實為嗜鉻細胞瘤48例，腎上腺皮質腺瘤41例，皮質腺癌11例，腎上腺轉移癌 9例，髓樣脂肪瘤8例，結節樣增生2例，腎上腺結核4例，胰尾部腫瘤1例，肝臟腫瘤1例，腎上極腫瘤1例。 結果 腎上腺腫瘤的病理類型不同，聲像圖表現亦各不相同。超聲顯像定位診斷符合率為96.0%（120/125），定性診斷符合率為91.2% （114/125）。 結論 超聲顯像對腎上腺腫瘤的定位與定性診斷價值較大，可作為臨床診斷的首選檢查方法。【Abstract】 Objective To assess the value of ultrasonography in the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of tumors of adrenal gland. Methods From January 2003 to January 2009, 125 patients who were suspected to suffering from adrenal tumors underwent ultrasonography and CT examination. The results were then confirmed by surgery and pathology. There were 48 cases of pheochromocytoma, 41 adenoma, 11 adenocarcinoma, 9 metastatic tumor, 8 adrenal medullary lipoma, 2 nubblar hyperplasia, 4 tuberculosis of adrenal gland, 1 tumor of cauda pancreatic, 1 tumor of liver and 1 tumor of upper pole of kidney. Results The ultrasonographic features varied with different pathological types. The accuracy diagnosis of localizition and qualitation were 96.0% (120/125) and 91.2% (114/125) respectively. Conclusion Ultrasonography is useful in diagnosing tumors of adrenal gland, which may be used as the first choice for the disease.
Objective To investigate the curative effect of facility negative pressure closed drainage on wounds in earthquake. Methods We retrospectively analyzed the data of 35 patients treated by facility negative pressure closed drainage after debridement in earthquake. The same category patients treated by conventional therapy as the control group. Results Time of facility negative pressure closed drainage was 6-12 days, average 7.5±1.8 days. The woundswere all cured. The wounds closure were performed with skin grafting in 24, with secondary suturing in 4, with regionalflap transposition in 5, and with cross leg flap in 2. There were significant differences in time of secondary closure, timesof dressing and the total time of hospitalization between two groups (Plt;0.01). And there was a significant difference incurative effect of skin grafting between two groups (Plt;0.05). Conclusion Facility negative pressure closed drainage on treating wounds in earthquake is a simple, safe method, and has significant curative effect.
Objective
To explore the sonographic features of testicular torsion in adult males (≥25 years).
Method
We retrospectively analyzed the clinical, pathological and sonographic data of 79 adult male patients with testicular torsion, in whom 20 underwent resection of testis and 59 retained testis in West China Hospital from September 2006 to March 2017.
Results
There were 56 patients with spermatic cord nodules or mass with the largest mass of about 36 mm ×31 mm; the scrotal wall thickened in 48 patients with the thickness of 5–10 mm; axial changes of the affected testis were found in 24 patients; there were 61 patients with testicular growth in the affected side, while the affected testis was reduced in 7; there were 67 patients with asymmetric echo in the affected side, and the maximum hypoechoic area was about 36 mm×26 mm; the epididymis of the affected side in 35 patients with were unclear, and the epididymis of the affected side was enlarged in 19; 25 patients had hydrocele of testis; there was no blood flow in 49, blood flow reduced in 25, and blood flow increased in 5. Four patients were diagnosed by contrast-enhanced ultrasound, and there was no enhancement in 3 and partial enhancement in 1.
Conclusion
The sonographic features of testicular torsion in adult males are obvious, and the early diagnosis of testicular torsion can be confirmed by contrast-enhanced ultrasonography.
Objective To explore the feasibility of transluminal dual plane ultrasound (TDPU) in evaluating the structure and function of pelvic floor muscle. Methods Non anorectal diseases patients who visited the Department of Medical Ultrasound, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, medical staff and medical staff’s relatives volunteers between May and November 2022 were selected. According to the criteria for ultrasound diagnosis of pelvic organ prolapse (POP) and the pelvic organ prolapse quantification (POP-Q) scoring criteria, the subjects were divided into normal group and POP group. The changes of the thickness of the left and right puborectalis muscle (PRM), the internal anal sphincter (IAS) and the external anal sphincter (EAS) at 3-, 6- and 9-o’clock, the depth and height of the perineal body (PB) were compared, and the changes of the elastic Young’s modulus of PRM, EAS and PB were compared through real-time shear wave elastography. Results A total of 192 subjects were included, including 140 in the normal group and 52 in the POP group. There were statistically significant differences between the POP group and the normal group in terms of gestational frequency, parity, and history of vaginal delivery (P<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in age, body mass index, menopausal history, and neonatal weight between the two groups (P>0.05). Under the condition of resting and maximum anal constriction, the thickness of PRM on the left and right sides of POP group was not significantly different from that of the normal group (P>0.05), but the elastic Young’s modulus of PRM on the left and right sides were lower than that of the normal group (P<0.05). At resting and maximum anal constriction, there was no significant difference in IAS thickness between the POP group and the normal group at 3-, 6- and 9-o’clock (P>0.05). At resting and maximum anal constriction, the thickness of deep and subcutaneous parts of EAS at 6-o’clock and the subcutaneous part of EAS at 9-o’clock in the POP group were smaller than those in the normal group (P<0.05). At resting and maximum anal constriction, the elastic Young’s modulus of EAS at 3-, 6- and 9-o’clock were lower than those in the normal group (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the depth and height of PB between the POP group and the normal group at resting and maximum anal constriction (P>0.05). The elastic Young’s modulus of PB in the POP group was lower than that of the normal group (P<0.05). Under the condition of maximum anal constriction, the thickness of deep and subcutaneous parts of EAS at 3-o’clock in the POP group were lower than those in the normal group (P<0.05). Conclusion TDPU can quantitatively evaluate the structure and function of pelvic floor muscle through different states of resting and maximum anal constriction, and also can provide ultrasonic basis for the diagnosis and treatment of female pelvic floor dysfunction diseases.
