目的 分析朱砂蓮中毒導致急性腎功能衰竭臨床表現、腎臟病理學及相關文獻復習。 方法 2007年3月－9月收治朱砂蓮中毒急性腎功能衰竭2例，分析臨床表現及腎臟病理損害。 結果 朱砂蓮急性中毒易致急性腎功能衰竭，危及生命；其主要損害腎小管間質，表現為急性腎小管重度損傷，無炎性細胞浸潤，而腎小球幾乎無病變。 結論 朱砂蓮為我國常使用中藥，主要成分為馬兜鈴酸，易致馬兜鈴酸腎病，須提高對該病認識，規范使用中草藥，避免藥物性所致腎損害。Objective To analyze the clinical and pathological manifestations of kidney in patients with ciliatenerve knotweed root-induced acute renal failure. Methods Two patients who were admitted into our hospital for acute renal failure caused by over-dose ciliatenerve knotweed root from March to September in 2007 were included in this study. We analyzed the clinical and pathological manifestations of their kidneys. Results Over-dose ciliatenerve knotweed root could induce acute renal failure, even threaten life. The pathology of kidney is characterized by severe tubular injury,rather than glomerulus damage, without cell infiltration. Conclusions Ciliatenerve knotweed root is one of the frequently-used traditional Chinese medicines in our country, which can easily result in aristolochinc acid nephropathy. We should recognize the importance of this disease and avoid using nephrotoxic drugs.
Objective To analyze the disease burden, risk factor attribution, and trends through 2030 of female breast cancer in China from 1990 to 2023. MethodsBased on data from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2023, the average annual percent change (AAPC) was used to evaluate long-term trends. An age-period-cohort (APC) model was applied to assess age, period, and cohort effects. Population attributable fractions, attributable disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), and decomposition analysis were used to evaluate the contributions of risk factors. A Bayesian APC model was used to project trends from 2024 to 2030. ResultsFrom 1990 to 2023, the age-standardized incidence rate of female breast cancer in China increased from 24.54 per 100 000 to 31.62 per 100 000, whereas the age-standardized mortality rate decreased from 10.65 per 100 000 to 6.74 per 100 000 and the age-standardized DALY rate decreased from 372.92 per 100 000 to 228.43 per 100 000. The AAPCs in incidence rates were negative among women aged 15–39 years (P<0.05) and became positive after 45 years of age (P<0.05), with the largest increase observed in the 85–89 year age group (AAPC=1.72%). In the ≥95 year age group, mortality, DALY, and years of life lost rates all increased, with AAPCs of 0.58%, 0.52%, and 0.52%, respectively (P<0.05). APC analysis showed that the net drift in age-specific incidence rates was 0.315% per year (P<0.001), whereas the net drift in age-specific mortality rates was ?2.316% per year (P<0.001). In 2023, the leading attributable risk factors were high red meat intake, secondhand smoke, high fasting plasma glucose, high body mass index, and low physical activity. Bayesian APC projections indicated that the age-standardized incidence, mortality, and DALY rates would reach 38.91 per 100 000, 7.84 per 100 000, and 244.24 per 100 000, respectively, by 2030. ConclusionsThe incidence burden of female breast cancer in China continued to increase, whereas the age-standardized mortality and premature mortality burdens declined over the long term but showed a recent rebound. The disease burden increasingly shifted toward older women, and the overall burden is expected to remain substantial through 2030.
