ObjectiveTo summarize the characteristics and biomechanical research progress of common internal fixation for femoral neck fractures in recent years, so as to provide reference to clinical treatment of femoral neck fracture. Methods The domestic and foreign relevant literature on biomechanics of internal fixation of femoral neck fracture in recent years was reviewed, and the biomechanical research progress was summarized. Results Among the internal fixations currently used in the treatment of femoral neck fractures, three cannulated screws can provide sliding compression at the end of the fracture, but the shear resistance is weak, and the risk of long-term internal fixation failure is high; dynamic hip screw and proximal femoral locking plate have excellent angle stability and overall strength; medial buttress plate can transform vertical shear force into compressive stress to promote fracture healing and produce a certain anti-rotation effect; femoral neck system can support the fracture in multi-axial direction, with excellent anti-rotation and anti-shortening properties; and cephalomedullary nails have high overall strength and failure load. Different internal fixations have their own indications due to differences in structure and biomechanics. ConclusionAt present, there is no detailed standard guidance of internal fixation selection. Clinically, the appropriate treatment should be selected according to the fracture types of patients.
Znic (Zn) alloys with good cytocompatibility and suitable degradation rate have been a kind of biodegradable metal with great potential for clinical applications. This paper summarizes the biological role of degradable Zn alloy as bone implant materials, discusses the mechanical properties of different Zn alloys and their advantages and disadvantages as bone implant materials, and analyzes the influence of different processing strategies (such as alloying and additive manufacturing) on the mechanical properties of Zn alloys. This paper provides systematic design approaches for biodegradable Zn alloys as bone implant materials in terms of the material selection, product processing, structural topology optimization, and assesses their application prospects with a view to better serve the clinic.
Objective To summarize the characteristics and biomechanical research progress of common acetabular reconstruction techniques in patients with Crowe type Ⅱ and Ⅲ developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) undergoing total hip arthroplasty (THA), and provide references for selecting appropriate acetabular reconstruction techniques for clinical treatment of Crowe type Ⅱ and Ⅲ DDH. Methods The domestic and foreign relevant literature on biomechanics of acetabular reconstruction with Crowe type Ⅱ and Ⅲ DDH was reviewed, and the research progress was summarized.Results At present, there are many acetabular reconstruction techniques in Crowe type Ⅱ and Ⅲ DDH patients undergoing THA, with their own characteristics due to structural and biomechanical differences. The acetabular roof reconstruction technique enables the acetabular cup prosthesis to obtain satisfactory initial stability, increases the acetabular bone reserve, and provides a bone mass basis for the possible secondary revision. The medial protrusio technique (MPT) reduces the stress in the weight-bearing area of the hip joint and the wear of the prosthesis, and increases the service life of the prosthesis. Small acetabulum cup technique enables shallow small acetabulum to match suitable acetabulum cup to obtain ideal cup coverage, but small acetabulum cup also increases the stress per unit area of acetabulum cup, which is not conducive to the long-term effectiveness. The rotation center up-shifting technique increases the initial stability of the cup. Conclusion Currently, there is no detailed standard guidance for the selection of acetabular reconstruction in THA with Crowe type Ⅱ and Ⅲ DDH, and the appropriate acetabular reconstruction technique should be selected according to the different types of DDH.
Objective To evaluate the effect of posteromedial tibial plateau osteophytes on intraoperative joint gap balance during robot-assisted total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on the clinical data of 82 patients with knee osteoarthritis who underwent robot-assisted TKA between November 2023 and December 2025. There were 13 males and 69 females, aged 55-83 years with a mean age of 69.1 years. Fourteen patients received left-sided surgery and 42 received right-sided surgery. The preoperative hip-knee-ankle angle was (6.8±1.4)°. After resecting anterior/lateral osteophytes intraoperatively, the robotic system was used to measure the medial/lateral joint gaps at full extension and 90° of knee flexion before osteotomy (planned state) and after osteotomy, which were recorded as medial extension gap (ME), lateral extension gap (LE), medial flexion gap (MF), and lateral flexion gap (LF). The differences (changes) between post-osteotomy gaps and planned gaps were calculated to assess osteotomy accuracy. Patients were stratified into four groups according to posteromedial tibial plateau osteophyte size measured on preoperative CT: no osteophyte, osteophyte size<5 mm, 5-10 mm, and >10 mm. Intergroup differences in the above gap changes were analyzed to evaluate the effect of osteophyte size on joint gap balance. Results In all 82 patients, joint gaps after osteotomy were significantly larger than the planned gaps (P<0.05). Only 13 patients (15.9%) showed no change in both medial and lateral extension gaps, and 25 patients (30.5%) had unchanged medial and lateral flexion gaps at 90° of knee flexion compared with the planned gaps. The size of posteromedial tibial plateau osteophytes ranged from 0 to 14.2 mm in the 82 patients, with a mean value of 5.62 mm. Among them, 15 patients had no osteophytes, 22 had osteophytes size <5 mm, 32 had osteophytes size of 5-10 mm, and 13 had osteophytes size >10 mm. The changes of ME, LE, MF, and LF increased progressively with the enlargement of osteophyte size, but the intergroup differences were not significant (P>0.05). There was no significant difference in the changes of ME, LE, MF, and LF among the three groups with osteophyte size ≤10 mm (P>0.05). Patients in the osteophyte size >10 mm group exhibited a significantly greater change in ME compared with all other gaps (P<0.05). Conclusion Osteotomy may alter the planned joint gap balance, and the degree of gap variation is correlated with the size of posteromedial tibial plateau osteophytes. For patients with osteophytes size >10 mm, the planned medial extension gap should decrease by 2 mm during preoperative osteotomy planning to obtain optimal intraoperative gap balance after bone resection.
ObjectivesTo evaluate the reporting quality of domestic and foreign randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on acupuncture for dry eye based on Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials Expand Statement 2010 (CONSORT 2010) and Standards for Reporting Interventions in Clinical Trials of Acupuncture (STRICTA).MethodsCNKI, VIP, CBM, WanFang Data, PubMed, EMbase and The Cochrane Library databases were electronically searched to collect RCTs of acupuncture for dry eye at home and abroad from inception to February 2020. The reporting quality of the selected literature was evaluated with the items in the CONSORT and STRICTA, respectively.ResultsA total of 69 Chinese literatures and 8 English literatures were included. The average reporting rate of all items of CONSORT in Chinese and English literatures was 41.4% and 56.4%, respectively. The missing items of Chinese literature report primarily focused on the sections of “methodology”, “results”, and “other information”. The Chinese and English literature report rate was relatively close in terms of the literature report rate of STRICTA, and both were relatively complete in the description of acupuncture intervention.ConclusionsThe reporting quality of RCTs of acupuncture treatment for dry eye in China and abroad is generally low. Further improving the relevant reporting quality according to the CONSORT statement 2010 and STRICTA 2010 is urgent.
