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Psychological State of Local and Nonlocal Nurses During the Wenchuan Earthquake

【摘要】目的對一線臨床科室參與汶川地震抗震救災的外援護士和本土護士的社會支持系統進行調查研究。方法隨機抽取抗震救災一線科室(ICU、骨科、急診)外援護士及本土護士各175名,設為外援組和本土組,采用對地震的自我認知問卷及社會支持評定量表(SSRS)進行測評。結果兩組護士對地震相關知識的知曉情況、響應抗震救災的行為表現、地震對專業的影響等方面無明顯差異(Pgt;0.05);兩組護士的社會支持總分均低于國內常模 (Plt;0.01),除外援組主觀支持維度得分與國內常模無顯著差異(Pgt;0.05)外,兩組的社會支持其它各維度得分均低于國內常模,外援組的社會支持總分及主觀支持、客觀支持得分均高于本土組(Plt;0.01),兩組對支持的利用度無明顯差異(Pgt;0.05)。結論為抗震救災一線科室護士提供積極的社會支持是保證心理健康的重要措施。【Abstract】ObjectiveTo evaluate the difference of psychological state between local and nonlocal nurses during the Wenchuan Earthquake. Methods A total of 175 local nurses and 175 nonlocal nurses were randomly selected and investigated by SSRS and the earthquake questionnaire. Results There were no significant differences in their knowledge about the earthquake, professional identity and action (Pgt;0.05). The total and the three dimensions scores of SSRS of the two groups were lower than those of the domestic norms (Plt;0.01) except the subjective support dimensions. The total scores, objective support and subjective support dimensions scores of nonlocal group were higher than that in the local group (Plt;0.01). In coping style questionaire, there were significant differences in solving problems and retreat factor(Plt;0.01)and no significant differences in remorse, salvation and illusion(Pgt;0.05). Conclusion The earthquake affected mental health of the nurses and their psychological state need to be much concerned,especially the nonlocal ones.