PURPOSE: To probe the effect of taurine on lipid peroxidation,surperoxide dismutase(SOD) and glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px)in retina in vitro. METHODS: The animal eye cups were put into media(divided into four groups:control,model,taurine and beta;-carotene) respectively,and incubated at 37deg;C in a humidified atmosphere of 5% CO2/95% air. After 24h or 48h ,the retinas were taken out from the media and the SOD,GSH-Px ,protein and malondialdehyde(MDA) were examined.
RESULTS:Taurine could inhibite lipid peroxidation in retina ,decrease MDA level ,could not protect GSH-Px activity in retina. The effect of taurine on SOD activity in retina was also uncertain.
CONCLUSION:Taurine can inhibit lipid peroxidation in retina in vitro,but the mechanism of that
has nothing to do with the effect of taurine on SOD activity and GSH-Px activity.
（Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis,1996,12: 183-185 ）
PURPOSE:To inquire into diagnosis and differentiation method for full thickness macular hole,lamellar macular hole and cystoid macular degeneration. METHODS:Amsler grid,Watzke' s sign and laser aiming beam test were performed in the patients:30 with full-thickness macular hole, 12 with lamellar macular hole and 8 with cystoid macular degeneration. The results were analyzed statistically with method of four table precise probability. RESULTS:The positive rate of Amsler grid,watzke's sign and laser aiming beam test was 100% in ail of the full thickness macular holes,and it was 85%，65%and 0 in lamellar macular holes and cystoid macular degeneration respectively.
CONCLUSION: Amsler grid testing was sensitive but not specific,Watzke's sign was more sensitive and specific,and the laser aiming beam tesl was extremely sensitive and specific in clinical diagnosis of full thickness macular hole.
（Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis,1996,12: 208-210）
We demonstrate 35 cases of retinal detachment in which the patients received treatment with xenogeneie (poreine)sclera as pressor material. All the patients improved with retinal replacement after initial operation. There are 5 relapsing cases in which 4 patients were reoperated and the retinas were reattaehed in 2 cases. So far the total curative percentage was 91.4 in this series. After a period of three year follow-up ,none of the patient showed apparent postoperative complication of rejection reaction,discharge,exposure and infection. These
findings suggest that porcine sclera has excellent characteristic,similar to human sclera ,and may be used in ophtha[mologic surgery as a substitute of homologous(human)sclera.
（Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis,1994,10:207-209）
Objective
To investigate the spatial and temporal regulation effect of VEGF on human fetal retinal vascularization and angiogenesis.
Methods
The posterior segmental retinas from 54 human fetuses of the 9th week to the 40th week were studied by immunohistodhemistry standing for the expressions of VEGF and PCNA.
Results
1. The distribution of VEGF espression was spiking and the peaks were during the 9th-13th and around the 26th week. 2. PCNA immunoreactivity was localized in spindle cells and vascular endothelial cells. The expression level was fluctuated during the developmental process. The peaks were during the 9th-13th and around the 21st week. In these periods, the spindle cells kept proliferating and differentiating, and remodelled subsequently to form the inner side retinal vessels. From the 26th or 34th week, the PCNA immununoreactivity is fully expressed in the vascular endothelial cells of the inner and outer margin of inner nuclear layer(INL) and kept to full terms. 3. Significant positive correlation were shown between the content of VEGF in the retina and that of PCNA in spindle cells and vascular endothelial cells(r=0.736,p＜0.01).
Conclusion
VEGF was positively involved in modulating human fetal retinal vascularization and angiogenesis.
(Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis,1999,15:12-15)
To investigate the processes of retinal vascular development of human fe-
tus. METHODS:Eighty-six specimens of retinas of human fetus from 13th to 38th gestational week were studied by immunohistochemieal method(ABC). RESULTS:The spindle cells of mensenchymal origin was firstly found to migrate into the retina from optic disc at 12--13 weeks ,and spreaded subsequently toward the periphery of the retina. At the same time ,the consequential processes of differentiation,proliferation,canalilization and remodelling developed into vascular plexus in ganglion cell layer (GCL). Vascular buds formed in GCL in 26th gestational week extended toward nerve fiber layer (NFL)and inner nuclear layer(INL)and developed into capillary plexuses in NFL and inner and outer margin of INL respectively. CONCLUSIONS.. Four vascular layers could be distinguished in the ratina of full term fetuses,and these layers were formed through two principal developmental processes.
（Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis,1996,12: 88- 90）
Retinal leakage is not only a very common pathological phenomenon but also a common pathological feature of many retinal diseases, its pathogenesis is very complex. The application of ultra-wide-angle fluorescein angiography is one of the main means to observe and evaluate retinal leakage. Leakage index is a new index for evaluating retinal leakage. Studies have explored its correlation in diabetic retinopathy, retinal vein occlusion, uveitis and other diseases, evaluating treatment effects and predicting prognosis. However, the number of related studies is small and the conclusions are inconsistent. In the future, it is still necessary to further advance the quantitative analysis of leakage, the application of leakage in more diseases, and the clinical trials of leakage rate to explore its role in predicting and evaluating treatment effects in retinal diseases.
PURPOSE:To verify existance of a-,~-,and 3'-protein kinase C(PKC)subspecies and
their localization in rabbit retina. METHODS: Using an immunohistoehemical technique with mono-
elonal antibodies against PKC isozymes- I (a),-I[ (13),and -~[ (Y) to characterize the distribution of
PKC in rabbit retina. RESULTS:There is a positive immunostaining for a-,13-,and ~-PKC in rabbit
retina. The immunoreactivity of a-PKC was observed mainly in the bipolar cells of inner nuclear layer
and the outer segments of photorecptors. The positive immunostaining of 13-PKC could be seen in the
ganglion cells,inner plexiform layer,inner nuclear layer,and the outer segments of photoreceptors. A
diffuse and weak staining of Y-PKC is recognized in the ganglion cell layer,inner plexifrom layer,inner
nuclear layer, and the outer segments of photoreceptors. CONCLUSION:The protein kinase C sub-
speeies-a,-~,and-'Y are present in retina which is a part of the central nervous system
OBJCTIVE :To investigate the fundus ocu]i changes in hypnxie isehemic encepbalnpa
ally(HIE)of new[x,rns. METHODS:One hundred and two newblt;~rns suffered from HIE were investi-
gated to observe lhe pathological neular fundus changes by di~et ophthabnoseopy after mydria~s. RE-
SULTS:Seventy seven ca.~s(154 eyes)were found to have ophthalmoscopic changes in the ~ular fundi
including papilledema .white retina vaseolar abnormality and hemorrhage. CONCLUSIONS:In clinical
view .the severity of HIE depends on the pathological ebanges of the brain .and ftmdus ahnormalby will
be very often in middle and .~vere sufforers of HIE.
The activities and distributions of succinate dehydrogenase(SDH),malic dehydrogenase(MDH),lactic dehydrogenase(LDH),acid phosphatase(ACP) and alkaline phosphatase(AKP) in retinal vessels were studied and observed with enzymatic histochemical techniques. The retinal vessels showed a b LDH activity, moderate SDH and MDH activity. The dehydrogenase activity described above was evenly and equally distributed in the microvasculature between arterioles and venules, and was the best in arteries. AKP showed predominant activity in the endothelial cells of capillaries and arterioles which were stained bly. No activity for ACP observed in the retinal vessels. The observations above indicate that the retinal vessels are metabolically active and have a great capacity for glycolysis.
（Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis,1992,8:6-9）
Objective To detect expression of NF-κB in the inner retina and in vestigate the inhibitoryeffect of pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate on retinal neovascularization in rats. Methods The rat models with retinopathy were set up un der the hypoxia condition, and fluorescein fundus angiography (FFA) was used to observe the retinal neovascularization. The expressions of NF-κB in the inner retina in rats with and without neovascularization were detected by immunohisto chemical method. PDTC was intraperitoneally injected in rats with neovascularization to observe the expression of NF-κB in the inner retina and the effect on retinal neovascularization. Results Hypoxia induced NF-κB activation in the retinal glial cells and endothelial cells. But immuno-staining intensity for NF-κB and adhesion molecules were reduced by PDTC intraperitoneal injection. Retin al angiogenesis in rats were suppressed effectively (P＜0.05). Conclusions NF-κB activation correlates with retinal neovascularization closely. PDTC may inhibit the NF-κB activation and prove beneficial in the treatment of ischemic neovascularization. (Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis，2003，19：201-268)
