OBJECTIVE: To provide anatomical bases for dorso-ulnar aspect of mid-hand reverse flap. METHODS: After red latex was infused into the arteries of 40 sides of adult cadava upper limbs, the origin, course, branches, distribution and distal anastomosis on the dorsal carpal branch of ulnar arteries were observed. And the mid-hand flap transfer was used to repair two cases of soft tissue defect (ranged 4.5-5.0 cm x 2.0-3.5 cm on ring and little fingers). RESULTS: The dorsal carpal branch begins with ulnar artery (3.9 +/- 1.2) cm above the pisiform with diameter of (1.3 +/- 0.2) mm, and branches off into ascending and descending branches. The descending one is the continuing of dorsal branch, it crosses the ulnar edge of the fifth metecarpal bone and anastomizes with the digital artery of little finger or hypothenar branch of deep palmar (accounted for 70%). While the other ascending branch with the former two branches formed anastomosis accounts for 30%. The two cases got healed in one-stage. The function of fingers recovered after 3-4 month follow-up. CONCLUSION: The reverse flap of dorso-ulnar aspect of mid-hand is available to repair the soft tissue defect on dorsum of hand with neighbor finger.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of electroacupuncture on mRNA expression of NGF and IGF-1 in injured nerve. METHODS: Sciatic nerve injury model was established by transection of right side sciatic nerve in 90 male SD rats, which were randomly divided into two groups. The experimental group was treated with electroacupuncture, no treatment in the control group. The distal part of the injured nerve was harvested after 1, 2, 4, 6 and 10 weeks of operation and stored in the liquid nitrogen. The total RNA was extracted by the TRIzol reagent. Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR) was used to detected the mRNA expression of NGF and IGF-1. RESULTS: The mRNA expression of NGF in the experimental group was increased quickly from the second week, and reached to highest level in the fourth week. It was much higher than that of the control group (P lt; 0.05). Then it began to decline in following time and approximately reached to the level of the first week after 10 weeks of operation. The mRNA expression of IGF-1 in the experimental group was remarkably increased in the second and fourth week, and which was much higher than that of the control group respectively(P lt; 0.05). Although the mRNA expression of IGF-1 after 10 weeks of operation in the experimental group was higher than that of the control group, but there was no significant difference between the two groups(P gt; 0.05). There was linear correlation in the fourth week between mRNA expression of NGF and IGF-1 in the experimental group. CONCLUSION: The mRNA expression of NGF and IGF-1 can be elevated in injured nerve at early stage interfered with electroacupuncture.
【 Abstract 】 Objective To study the mRNA expression of BC047440 gene in multiplicate malignant tumor tissues and the corresponding adjacent tissues, and to investigate its roles in the carcinogenesis and development of malignant tumors. Methods Forty-eight cases of malignant tumor tissues and their adjacent non-cancerous tissues were examined. The mRNA expression of BC047440 gene in those tissues of liver cancer, cholangiocarcinoma, gastric cancer, carcinoma of large intestine, glioma, and breast cancer were measured by semi-quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Results ① The mRNA expressions of BC047440 gene in liver cancer, gastric cancer, cholangiocarcinoma and carcinoma of large intestine were significantly higher than those in their adjacent non-cancerous tissues (Plt;0.05 or 0.01). BC047440 gene were highly expressed in both glioma and its adjacent tissues (Pgt;0.05), and poorly expressed in both breast cancer and its adjacent tissues (Pgt;0.05). ② There were close relationships between BC047440 gene expression and clinicopathologic findings of liver cancer, including tumor size and portal vein invasion (Plt;0.05). ③ There were also close relationships between BC047440 gene expression and different clinical stages in alimentary canal cancers (Plt;0.05). Conclusion The over expression of BC047440 gene may be related with the growth, infiltration and metastasis of some malignant tumors, including liver cancer, cholangiocarcinoma, gastric cancer, carcinoma of large intestine and glioma.
Objective To evaluated the application effect of reverse digital modeling combined with three-dimensional (3D)-printed disease models in the standardized training of orthopedic residents focusing on pelvic tumors. Methods From August 2022 to August 2023, 60 orthopedic residents from West China Hospital, Sichuan University were randomly assigned to a trial group (n=30) and a control group (n=30). The trial group received instruction using reverse digital modeling and 3D-printed pelvic tumor models, while the control group underwent traditional teaching methods. Teaching outcomes were evaluated and compared between groups through knowledge tests, practical skill assessments, and satisfaction surveys. Results Before training, there was no statistically significant difference in knowledge tests or practical skill assessments between the two groups (P>0.05). After training, the trial group showed significantly better performance than the control group in knowledge tests (90.5±5.2 vs. 78.4±6.8, P<0.05), skill assessments (92.7±4.9 vs. 81.3±6.2, P<0.05), and satisfaction surveys (9.40±1.10 vs. 7.60±1.20, P<0.05). One month after training, the trial group still showed significantly better performance than the control group in knowledge tests (88.1±6.4 vs. 72.3±7.1, P<0.05) and skill assessments (90.3±5.8 vs. 75.6±6.9, P<0.05). Conclusions Reverse digital modeling combined with 3D printing offers an intuitive and effective teaching approach that improves comprehension of pelvic tumor anatomy and strengthens clinical and technical competencies. This method significantly enhances learning outcomes in standardized residency training and holds promise for broader integration into medical education.
Objective To investigate the expression of ADAM9 in breast cancer and its clinical significance. Methods The expressions of ADAM9 in normal breast tissues and breast cancer tissues were detected by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and immunohistochemistry, and whose relationship with clinicopathologic features was analyzed. Results The expression of ADAM9 mRNA increased in the breast cancer tissues, but which was not detected in the normal breast tissues. The expression of ADAM9 protein in the breast cancer tissues was significantly higher than that in the normal breast tissues (Plt;0.05), and which in the metastatic lymph nodes was significantly higher than that in the negative lymph nodes or corresponding primary lesions (Plt;0.05). The expression of ADAM9 in the breast cancer tissues was correlated with the lymph node metastasis and histological grade (Plt;0.05). Conclusion ADAM9 is overexpressed in the breast cancer tissues, which might involve in the pathological progression of breast cancer.
Objective To investigate the method and effectiveness of repairing fingertip defects with reverse island flappedicled with terminal dorsal branch of digital artery with sense reconstruction. Methods Between December 2008 and March2010, 32 patients (40 fingers) with fingertip defects were treated. There were 20 males (23 fingers) and 12 females (17 fingers), aged from 20 to 62 years (mean, 42 years). The time between injury and admission was from 1 to 8 hours. The injured fingers included thumb (2 cases), index finger (6 cases), index finger and middle finger (3 cases), middle finger (7 cases), middle finger and ring finger (3 cases),ring finger (8 cases), ring finger and little finger (2 cases), and little finger (1 case). The defect area ranged from 1.2 cm × 1.0 cm to 2.2 cm ×1.8 cm, and the flap area ranged from 1.5 cm × 1.0 cm to 2.5 cm × 2.0 cm. The fingertip defects were repaired by the reverse island flaps pedicled with terminal dorsal branch of digital artery and branch of digital nerve, and the branch of digital nerve was anastomosed withstump of proper digital nerve. The donor sites were repaired with free skin grafts. Results Bl isters occurred in 6 cases (9 fingers) andpartial necrosis of the flaps in 2 cases (2 fingers), which were cured after symptomatic treatment. The other flaps and skin grafts survived and the wounds healed by first intention. Thirty cases (38 fingers) were followed up 6 months postoperatively. The shape, contour of the reconstructed fingertip, and motivation of the fingers were satisfactory. The superficial sensation and deep pain sensation recovered after 6 months of operation. The two-point discrimination was 4-6 mm in 24 fingers, 7-10 mm in 13 fingers, and none in 1 finger. According to the functional assessment criteria of upper l imb formulated by the Hand Surgery Branch of Chinese Medical Association, S3 was achieved in 1 finger, S3+ in 13 fingers, and S4 in 24 fingers. Conclusion It is simple and safe to harvest the reverse island flap pedicled with terminal dorsal branch of digital artery with sense reconstruction; at the same time, the blood supply of the flap is rel iable and its sense can be reconstructed. It is one of effective methods for repairing fingertip defects.
Objective
To investigate the diagnose and treatment of intra-articular fracture of the 5th metacarpale base with carpometacarpal joint dislocation (reverse Bennett fracture).
Methods
Between January 2008 and March 2012, 26 cases of reverse Bennett fracture were treated. There were 20 males and 6 females, aged 19-48 years (mean, 26 years). The injury causes included boxing injury in 19 cases, falling injury in 3 cases, heavy pound injury in 3 cases, and crushing injury in 1 case. According to Lundeen classification, there were 8 cases of type A, 9 cases of type B, 3 cases of type C, and 6 cases of type D. The time from injury to operation ranged 1-8 days with an average of 4 days. All patients underwent open reduction and internal fixation with Kirschner wires, screws, or plates by L-shaped dorsal incision.
Results
Primary healing was obtained in all incisions; no infection, hematoma, and necrosis occurred after operation. All patients were followed up with an average time of 12.5 months (range, 8-24 months). X-ray films showed that all fractures healed after 6-8 weeks (mean, 6.5 weeks); no delayed union or nonunion and no the 5th carpometacarpal joint dislocation were observed. Two cases had mild osteoarthritis. According to the upper extremity functional evaluation standard by Hand Surgery Branch of Chinese Medical Association, the results were excellent in 22 cases, good in 3 cases, and fair in 1 case, with an excellent and good rate of 96.2%.
Conclusion
For patients with reverse Bennett fracture, good results can be obtained if early diagnose is done and appropriate internal fixation is selected.
Objective
To investigate the effect of hypoxia on expressions of erythropoietin（EPO）mRNA and protein in retinal Muuml;ller cells cultured in vitro.
Methods
Retina tissues from the new-born Wistar rats were dissected into cell suspension after digested by pancreatin.Muuml;ller cells were separated and purified by mechanical concussion and blowing and striking method.The expression of EPO mRNA and protein under the condition of hypoxia was detected by semi-quantitative reverse transcriptase（RT）-polymerase chain reaction（PCR）and immunocytochemical method.
Results
Retinal Muuml;ller cells were cultured successfully，95% of which were positively stained by glial fibrillary acidic protein（GFAP）.Positively stained EPO protein was located in the cytoplasm and protuberance.The expression of EPO mRNA and protein was faint in the normal retinal Muuml;ller cells，but increased obviously and time-dependently after hypoxia.
Conclusion
Expression of EPO mRNA and protein increases in Muuml;ller cells after hypoxia，which may be one of the protective factors for the nerves in anoxic retinopathy.
(Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis, 2006, 22: 196-199)
Objective To evaluate the biomechanical properties of proximal femoral medial buttress plate (PFMBP) for fixing the reverse oblique intertrochanteric fractures by comparing with proximal femoral locking compression plate (PFLCP) and proximal femoral nail antirotation (PFNA). Methods Eighteen synthetic femoral bone models (Synbone) were divided into 3 groups (group PFLCP, group PFNA, and group PFMBP), 6 models in each group; an AO 31-A3.1 reverse oblique femoral intertrochanteric fracture was made based on the same criterion. After being fixed and embeded, the axial load testing, torsion testing, and axial load-to-failure testing were performed on each model. The axial displacement of different loads, torque of different torsion angles, and failure load of each model were recorded, and the stiffness of axial load and torsion were calculated. Results The axial stiffness in groups PFLCP, PFNA, and PFMBP were (109.42±30.14), (119.13±29.14), and (162.05±22.05) N/mm respectively, showing significant differences between groups (P<0.05). There were significant differences in torque between different torsion angles in the same group, as well as in the torque between groups at the same torsional angle (P<0.05). The torsion stiffness in groups PFLCP, PFNA, and PFMBP were (1.45±0.44), (1.10±0.13), and (1.36±0.32) N·mm/deg respectively; there were significant differences when compared groups PFLCP and PFMBP with group PFNA (P<0.05), but no significant difference was found between group PFLCP and group PFMBP (P>0.05). The failure loads of groups PFLCP, PFNA, and PFMBP were (1 408.88± 0.17), (1 696.56±0.52), and (2 154.65±0.10) N respectively, showing significant differences between groups (P<0.05). Conclusion The newly-designed PFMBP is better than PFNA and PFLCP in axial load stiffness and torsion stiffness for fixing reverse oblique intertrochanteric fracture by biomechanical test, indicating that reconstruction of medial stability is a key element for unstable intertrochanteric fracture.
【Abstract】Objective To investigate whether liver resection for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) causes dissemination of liver tumor cells into blood circulation. Methods Fourteen patients with HCC, but without evidences of metastasis, were enrolled for the study. Blood samples of peripheral blood before skin incision and after abdominal wall suture, and of hepatic venous blood and portal venous blood after liver parenchyma dissection, were obtained. AFPmRNA was detected by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction assays, the change of the level of its expression during operation was assessed by semi-quantitative analysis. Results The rate of its expression before and after operation in peripheral blood, and during operation in portal venous blood and in hepatic venous was 42.9%, 35.7%, 42.9% and 57.1% respectively. There were no differences between them. However, the level of its expression in hepatic venous blood was significantly higher than others (P＜0.05). Conclusion Liver resection for HCC induces releases of cells from the liver, probably including tumor cells, into blood circulation.
