Objective To investigate the role of KiSS-1 gene in the metastatic process of carcinoma of gallbladder and the clinicopathologic significance of KiSS-1 gene expression in carcinoma of gallbladder. Methods Pathological specimens from 59 gallbladder carcinoma tissues (13 hepatic invasion and 13 lymphatic invasion tissues were included), matched with 7 para-tumor and 6 normal gallbladder tissues, were examined for the expression of KiSS-1 gene by tissue microarray technique and immunohistochemistry (EnVision). Results The positive rate of KiSS-1 expression was down-regulated (P＜0.05) in tumor tissues, as compared with normal and para-tumor tissues. In carcinoma of gallbladder, the expression of KiSS-1 had no relationship with the gender, age, tumor size, histological grade or differentiation, and metastasis of lymph node, while was associated with the depth of infiltration, invasion of liver and the clinical stages (Nevin). In Ⅰ+Ⅱ, Ⅲ+Ⅳ and Ⅴ stage, the positive rates of KiSS-1 were 92.3%, 57.1% and 27.8% respectively, with an undeniably clear lowering tendency (P=0.002). Conclusion Down-regulating expression of KiSS-1 is closely associated with the processes of genesis, invasion and metastasis in carcinoma of gallbladder, and may participate in regulating these processes.
Abstract: Objective To observe the influence of various methods of cerebral protection during deep hypothermic circulatory arrest (DHCA ) on S-100 protein. Methods Eighteen dogs were randomly and equally divided into three groups: the deep hypothermic circulatory arrest (DHCA group ) , the DHCA with retrograde cerebral perfusion (DHCA + RCP group ) , and the DHCA with intermittent antegrade cerebral perfusion (DHCA + IACP group ). Upon interruption of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) , the nasopharyngeal temperature was slowly lowered to 18℃, before CPB was discontinued for 90 minutes, after 90 minutes, CPB was re-established and the body temperature was gradually restored to 36℃, then CPB was terminated. Before the circulatory arrest, 45min, 90min after the circulatory arrest and 15min, 30min after re-established of CPB, blood samples were drawn from the jugular veins fo r assay of S-100 protein. Upon completion of surgery, the dogs was sacrificed and the hippocampus was removed from the brain, properly processed for examination by transmission electron microscope for changes in the ultrastructure of the brain and nerve cells. Results There was no significant difference in the content of S-100 protein before circulatory arrest among all three groups (P gt; 0.05). After circulatory arrest, DHCA and DHCA +RCP group showed an significant increase in the content of S-100 protein (P lt; 0.01). There was no significant difference in the content of S-100 protein after circulatory arrest in DHCA + IACP group. Conclusion Cerebral ischemic injuries would occur if the period of DHCA is prolonged. RCP during DHCA would provide protection for the brain to some extent, but it is more likely to cause dropsy in the brain and nerve cells. On the other hand IACP during DHCA appears to provide better brain protection.
Objective To detect the expression of KiSS-1 protein in papillary thyroid carcinoma, and to analyze its significance. Methods Paraffin-embedded specimens of 32 patients with thyroid papillary carcinoma and its adjacent cancer tissues were included in this study. Then the expression of KiSS-1 protein was detected by munohistochemistry and its relationship with clinical pathological features was analyzed. Results KiSS-1 protein mainly expressed in the cell membrane and cytoplasm. The expression of KiSS-1 protein was positive in adjacent tissues, but decreased or absent in cancer tissues in 32 patients. In the latter, there were 11 cases with positive expression (34.4%) and 21 cases with negative expression (65.6%), and the difference was statistically significant (χ2=31.256, Plt;0.001). The average value of KiSS-1 protein expression represented by absorbance (A) value (119.595 2) in cancer tissues was higher than that in adjacent tissues (174.805 0), t=34.429, Plt;0.001. The expression of KiSS-1 protein in cancer tissues was not related to patient gender (P=0.618) and age (P=0.061), but except TNM staging (P=0.034). The expression rate of KiSS-1 protein in cancer tissues with lymph node metastasis (4/4, 100%) was significantly higher than that without lymph node metastasis (7/28, 25.0%)， P=0.003. Conclusion The expression of KiSS-1 protein is decreased or absent in papillary thyroid carcinoma, which may be involved in tumorigenesis, invasion, and metastasis.
Objective To study the migration of Schwann cells from the nerve autograft in the acellular nerve allograft of the rats in vivo. Mehtods The sciatic nerves (20 mm long) of the SD rats were harvested and prepared for the acellular nerve grafts by the chemical extraction. Then, they were observed by the gross view, HE staining, and Antilamininstaining, respectively. Another 32 female SD rats weighing 250-300 g were obtained for the study. A 2-mm-long nerve autograft was interposed between the two 10-mm-long nerve allografts to form a 22-mm-long composite. Then, the composite was placed in the muscle space, together with a sole 22-mm-long nerve allograftas a control. They were harvested at 5，10，15 and 20 days, respectively, and were then given the HE staining and the S-100 staining. Results The acellular nerve graft was semitransparent under the gross view. HE staining showed that no cell was observed within the nerve graft. Anti-laminin staining showed that the basal membrane was partially interrupted, with a positive result (dark brown). All the nerve grafts in both the groups exhibited the existenceof the cells. The S-100 positive cells were observed from the 15th day at the far ends of the two allografts of the composite; however, there were no suchcells observed within the sole nerve allograft. Conclusion Schwann cells from the sciatic nerves (2 mm- long) of the rats can migrate in the acellular nerve allograft to the far ends of the neighboring 10-mm-long nerve allografts at 15 days after operation, which offers the theoretical basis forthe repair of the longrange nerve defect by the composite of the acellular nerve allografts with the interposed nerve autograft.
Objective
To evaluate the efficacy and toxicity of the combination of S-1 and oxaliplatin in the first-line chemotherapy of patients with advanced gastric cancer.
Methods
From March 2012 to April 2013, 57 patients in the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University were enrolled in this study. Oxaliplatin was administered at 130 mg/m2 on day 1, while S-1 was administered orally (< 1.25 m2: 40 mg twice per day; 1.25-1.50 m2: 50 mg twice per day; > 1.50 m2: 60 mg twice per day) for 14 days. The response was evaluated every two chemotherapy cycles.
Results
The objective response rate was 52.6%, and the disease control rate was 84.2%. The median time to progression was 5.8 months, and the median survival time was 13.5 months. The major grade 3/4 hematological toxic effects were neutropenia (12.3%) and thrombocytope nia (12.3%), and the grade 3/4 non-hematological toxic effects were vomiting, fatigue and sensory neuropathy. The rate of clinical benefit response was 71.9% (41/57).
Conclusion
The regimen of oxaliplatin and S-1 shows precise efficacy and good tolerance against advanced gastric cancer, and it is worthy of promotion and application in the future.
