Sedation and analgesia is an essential part of the emergency work. Presently, for adults, clinical assessment and application of sedation and analgesia has been gradually perfect, but in the face of pediatric patients, clinicians would always concern drug-related adverse reactions as well as a variety of uncontrollable factors, leading to reducing and even ignoring the sedation and analgesia in children. This review focuses on the current research status and relevant evidence of pediatric sedation depth and risk assessment, pain assessment, as well as the principles, application methods, advantages and disadvantages of various commonly used clinical drugs, and the aim is to provide evidence for higher quality sedation and analgesia for children.
Hepatitis B virus related acute-on-chronic liver failure (HBV-ACLF) has the characteristics of rapid progress and high mortality. Artificial liver support system (ALSS) is far superior to standard drug therapy in the treatment of such patients, and is widely used in emergency. ALSS is the use of external mechanical or biological devices to replace a part of the damaged liver function, divided into bioartificial, non-bioartificial liver and a combination of the two. At present, there is no unified sensitive prognostic index and recognized prognostic model for HBV-ACLF in artificial liver treatment. This paper reviews the research progress of prognosis evaluation of ALSS in the treatment of HBV-ACLF, in order to provide reference for clinicians and researchers
