The pharmaceutical industry is characterized by the intensive capital and knowledge. Its international competitiveness and sustainable development should be established on a complete national drug innovation system. At the same time, the development of new drug innovation system in China can be really promoted by the accurate location of pharmaceutical enterprises as research and development (R & D) and production, the improved R & D strength, as well as the increased investment in innovation. This paper reviews both the development of Chinese drug innovation system and the orientation of pharmaceutical enterprises innovation during this process. Furthermore, the changes of innovation capability and positioning of pharmaceutical companies have been investigated before and after the launch of the Drug Innovation Major Project. Although, the construction of Chinese pharmaceutical innovation system has greatly promoted the progress of our pharmaceutical companies, a wide gap in the level of drug innovation still exists between Chinese pharmaceutical enterprises and international leading drug companies in the world.
ObjectiveTo investigate the short-term effectiveness of calcaneal lateral displacement osteotomy with lateral ligament repair in the treatment of Takakura stage Ⅱ varus-type ankle arthritis. MethodsA retrospective analysis was performed on the clinical data of 13 patients with Takakura stage Ⅱ varus-type ankle arthritis treated with calcaneal lateral displacement osteotomy with lateral ligament repair between January 2016 and December 2020. There were 6 males and 7 females aged 31-65 years, with an average age of 53.6 years. The preoperative tibial-ankle surface angle (TASA) was (88.13±1.01)°, medial distal tibial angle (MDTA) was (86.36±1.49)°, tibial talar surface angle (TTSA) was (6.03±1.63)°, talar tilting angle (TTA) was (81.95±2.15)°, and tibiocalcaneal axis angle (TCAA) was (?5.74±6.81)°. The preoperative American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) score was 56.3±7.1 and the pain visual analogue scale (VAS) score was 3.7±0.5. AOFAS scores, VAS scores, TTSA, TTA, and TCAA were compared between pre- and post-operatively. Results All 13 patients were followed up 14-41 months, with an average of 28.7 months. The osteotomies healed in all patients. The last follow-up revealed TTA, TTSA, and TCAA to be (88.27±1.19)°, (?0.13±1.37)°, and (2.09±5.10)° respectively, the AOFAS score was 84.3±4.2 and the VAS score was 0.7±0.5, all showing significant improvement when compared to preoperative values (P<0.05). Conclusion For patients with Takakura stage Ⅱ varus-type ankle arthritis, calcaneal lateral displacement osteotomy with lateral ligament repair can correct the lower limb force line, regain ankle stability, and achieving good short-term effectiveness.
The hypergraph neural network (HGNN) has demonstrated efficacy in modeling high-order interactions among brain regions, thus providing a promising framework for analyzing brain functional connectivity networks in the context of psychiatric research. The present study proposes a phase-amplitude coupling-weighted hypergraph attention neural network (PAC-HyperGAT) model for the diagnosis of psychiatric diseases. The proposed methodology first constructs a functional hypergraph using elastic net-based sparse regression and then assigns physiologically meaningful weights to hyperedges by quantifying the phase-amplitude coupling strength among nodes within each hyperedge. In light of these findings, the present study proposes a novel hypergraph attention convolution kernel. The efficacy of this approach is evidenced by its enhancement of the node-level message passing mechanism, a feat that facilitates the integration of hyperedge weight information. This phenomenon, in turn, results in an enhancement of the discriminative ability of brain functional connectivity network representations. The proposed model is systematically evaluated on publicly available electroencephalogram datasets for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and major depressive disorder (MDD). The experimental results demonstrate that PAC-HyperGAT attains an accuracy of (72.14 ± 9.19) % in ADHD classification, surpassing the performance of existing brain functional connectivity network methods across a range of evaluation metrics. The model exhibits notable efficacy in MDD classification, signifying substantial cross-disorder generalization capabilities. Furthermore, PAC-HyperGAT has demonstrated efficacy in identifying brain regions associated with these disorders. In summary, the proposed model demonstrates excellent generalizability, robustness, and neurobiological interpretability, providing a reliable analytical framework for objective diagnosis and mechanistic investigation of psychiatric diseases.
