Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is now recognized as a worldwide public health challenge, and the incidence rate and hospitalization rate have significantly increased in recent years. Without prompt diagnoses and effective treatment in the early renal function damage of CKD, the symptoms will continue to worsen and eventually develop into end-stage renal disease. Functional imaging techniques such as single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS), computerized tomography perfusion (CTP), and magnetic resonance perfusion weighted imaging (MR-PWI) could be used to quantitatively analyze renal perfusion and renal filtration function. Their diagnostic values are increasingly evident and have become the research hotspot in evaluating renal function. The aim of this review is to briefly evaluate the research and application advances in the early renal function damage assessment of CKD, so as to raise the efficiency of clinical applications.
Primary hepatocellular carcinoma is a common cancer. Many patients are found with intermediate-advanced stage, rapid development, poor treatment and high mortality. 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (18F-FDG PET/CT) can discover the early lesions and therefore plays an important role in diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. It especially has obvious advantages in detecting metastasis and monitoring recurrence. However, 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging has poor quality and low diagnosis rate. Understanding the advantages and limitations of 18F-FDG PET/CT can provide better basis for clinical diagnosis and treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma patients. This article briefly introduces the research and application of 18F-FDG PET/CT in the diagnosis and treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma.
Because of the unobvious early symptoms and low 5-year survival rate, the early diagnosis and treatment is of great significance for patients with non-small cell lung cancer. Glucose transporter-1 is the most widely distributed glucose transporters in various tissue cells in the human body, whose expression in non-small cell lung cancer is closely related to the histological types, lymph node metastasis, degree of differentiation, progression and prognosis.18F-FDG PET/CT imaging, a molecular imaging diagnostic method, is based on the characteristics of glucose metabolism in malignant tumors, which has been widely applied in the cancer diagnosis, stage division, evaluation of therapeutic effects and prognosis evaluation. Glucose transporter-1 is regulated and influenced by many factors, and it is closely related to 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging. This article briefly reviews the progress in the clinical application and correlation between glucose transporter-1 and 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging for non-small cell lung cancer, in order to improve the diagnosis and treatment of lung cancer.
This study aims to investigate the diagnostic value of 18F-NaF micro PET/CT imaging in mouse models of acute gouty arthritis (AGA). Three male Balb/c mice were designated as the normal control group (Group A), and 18 male Balb/c mice were used to establish the AGA model (Group B). Group A and model groups B (B1h, B3h, B6h, B8h, B12h, B24h) underwent micro PET/CT imaging 40 minutes after injection of the radiotracer. All groups of mice underwent complete blood count, blood uric acid testing, and pathological biopsy of the ankle joint. The results showed that the counts of inflammatory cells in the blood routine of Group B were higher than those of Group A, and there were statistically significant differences between Group B6h and B8h compared to Group A (P < 0.05). 18F-NaF micro PET/CT imaging revealed abnormal tracer accumulation in the right ankle joints of group B, but no bone destruction were observed on CT at the lesion sites; In group A, there was no obvious abnormal gathering of tracer in the left ankle joint. The ratios of maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) of the right and left ankle joints (R/LSUVmax) in Group B were higher than those in Group A, and the difference between Group B6h and Group A was statistically significant (P < 0.05). The R/LSUVmax ratios were positively correlated with the counts of white blood cells and neutrophils in the blood routine and microscopic inflammatory cells (R = 0.79, P < 0.01; R = 0.72, P < 0.01; R = 0.79, P < 0.01, respectively). Overall, 18F-NaF micro PET/CT imaging can detect early bone metabolism changes in AGA and visually monitor its dynamic pathophysiological progression.
