Lung cancer has the highest incidence and mortality rates among malignant tumors both in China and worldwide, with approximately 85% of cases being non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). In the diagnosis and treatment of lung cancer, conventional imaging and tissue biopsy are often limited by insufficient sensitivity or invasive risks, making it difficult to meet the demands of future precision medicine. In recent years, artificial intelligence (AI)-based radiomics and autoantibody-based liquid biopsy have developed rapidly and have become major research focuses. AI radiomics significantly improves the accuracy of traditional imaging diagnosis by autonomously learning from large-scale imaging databases. Autoantibody liquid biopsy, on the other hand, utilizes tumor-associated autoantigens and antibodies as biomarkers, offering the advantages of being non-invasive, precise, efficient, and capable of reflecting spatiotemporal tumor heterogeneity, thereby demonstrating great potential in NSCLC diagnosis and treatment. This review summarizes recent research advances in autoantibody liquid biopsy and AI radiomics for the management of lung cancer.
Stroke has the characteristics of high incidence rate, high mortality rate and high disability rate. Most patients may have some motor dysfunction after stroke, which greatly affects the normal life of patients. As a common sequela after stroke, foot drop seriously affects the walking gait of patients, limits the activities of patients, and reduces their quality of life. In recent years, repetitive peripheral magnetic stimulation (rPMS) has been used more and more in the rehabilitation of various diseases. Because rPMS is noninvasive, affordable and effective, it is accepted by many patients. This article reviews the research progress of rPMS for foot drop after stroke.
Lung cancer is the malignant tumor with the highest incidence and mortality in China and even worldwide. Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) constitutes the vast majority of cases. The current innovation in lung cancer diagnosis and treatment systems is progressively transitioning from traditional pathological classification to molecular characteristic-guided precision medicine. However, the conventional gold standard for molecular detection, tissue biopsy, faces limitations including invasive procedures and non-repeatable sample acquisition. The breakthrough in liquid biopsy technology has provided new clinical pathways, particularly through circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) detection for molecular residual disease (MRD) monitoring, which has emerged as a research hotspot in the liquid biopsy field. Through continuous optimization, this approach has achieved breakthroughs in high sensitivity and specificity. Its non-invasive nature eliminates the risks associated with tissue puncture, demonstrating significant potential in various clinical applications including early and advanced NSCLC diagnosis, treatment response monitoring, drug resistance evaluation, and prognosis prediction.
Objective To evaluate effectiveness of three-dimensional (3D) printed patient-specific cutting guides (PSCGs) in Cole midfoot osteotomy for treatment of rigid pes cavus deformity associated with Charcot-Marie-Tooth (CMT) disease, and to analyze learning curve for PSCGs-assisted surgery. MethodsA retrospective analysis was conducted of 20 patients (40 feet) with rigid pes cavus deformity associated with CMT who were admitted between March 2021 and July 2023 and met the inclusion criteria. The cohort comprised 13 men and 7 women, with ages ranging from 17 to 62 years (mean, 37.3 years). All patients underwent whole-genome sequencing, which identified 17 patients with CMT type 1 and 3 patients with CMT type 2. Preoperatively, 3D models of bilateral feet were reconstructed based on CT data, and PSCGs were designed and fabricated accordingly. All patients underwent a Cole midfoot osteotomy assisted by the guides. Operation time, number of intraoperative fluoroscopic exposures, and intraoperative complications were recorded. Pre- and post-operative outcomes were compared using the visual analogue scale (VAS) score for pain, the American Orthopaedic Foot & Ankle Society (AOFAS) ankle-hindfoot score, and domain scores of the 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36), as well as radiographic parameters including the Meary’s angle, Pitch angle, talo-first metatarsal angle (T1MT), talocalcaneal angle (TCA), and Djian-Annonier angle, to assess the corrective effect of the osteotomy. A modified cumulative sum analysis was performed to evaluate the learning curve for PSCGs-assisted surgery. ResultsAll procedures in the 20 patients (40 feet) were completed successfully, with no cases of massive hemorrhage or injury to critical neurovascular or tendinous structures. The operation time ranged from 63 to 129 minutes (mean, 82.9 minutes), and fluoroscopy was performed 2-11 times (mean, 4.7 times). Postoperatively, 1 patient (1 foot) developed a mild superficial surgical-site infection, which resolved with symptomatic treatment; no deep infections occurred. All patients were followed up 8-43 months (mean, 17 months). At last follow-up, the AOFAS ankle-hindfoot score and all domain scores of the SF-36 were significantly higher than preoperative values, and the VAS score, the Meary’s angle, T1MT, TCA, and Djian-Annonier angle significantly decreased, Pitch angle significantly increased (P<0.05). The imaging confirmed osteotomy union in all feet, and no fixation-related complications was observed. Learning-curve analysis indicated that both operation time and fluoroscopy usage plateaued after the 13th case, suggesting stabilization of surgical performance from that point onward. ConclusionThe use of PSCGs during Cole midfoot osteotomy enables precise and efficient correction of complex midfoot deformities while significantly reducing intraoperative fluoroscopic exposure. Moreover, this technique appears to have a short learning-curve and good reproducibility, which may facilitate its broader adoption in clinical practice.
