Objective To study the feasibility of transplanting autologous venous endothelial cells, as the liner, to the allogenic vein and to investigate the patency rate after such transplantation. Methods Autologous endothelial cells were gained after the administration of 0.2% collagenase and the centrifugalization of the enzyme liquid. The cells were not cultivated in a 60 ml plastic culture until the presence of the second generation. The cultivated cells were confirmed as endothelial cells by factor Ⅷ related antigen. The multiplied cells were lined in vitro onto the luminal surface of allogenic vein that was disposed by freeze-drying and radiation. The orthotopic transplantation of autologous venous endothelial cells was performed after the 9-day incubation. Results (9.47±0.35)×106 endothelial cells were obtained after the cultivation. Three hours after cell seeding, the luminal surface of allogenic vein was covered with vast endothelial cells but still had not formed an intact endomembrane. On day 9, the luminal surface was covered with a continuous endothelial monolayer and the arrangement and the shape of the cells all showed the perfect condition of endothelial cells. Eight weeks later, all the transplanted veins kept unobstructed. Conclusion The approach of lining allogenic vein with autologous endothelial cells in vitro may keep the vein unobstructed in the long term.
With the development of computer technology, artificial intelligence (AI) has gradually been applied to various industries in society. In the healthcare industry, AI provides more choices for disease diagnosis and treatment, and also brings new vitality to the development of clinical medicine. In order to better promote the use of AI technology to improve the quality of otolaryngology teaching, this article provides a brief overview of the application of AI in otolaryngology, including the use of neural networks, deep learning for image analysis, disease diagnosis and treatment. It also discusses the significance and implementation methods of AI application in otolaryngology teaching from several aspects such as course design, teaching practice, and effectiveness assessment.
Objective
To review the decellularized methods for obtaining extracellular matrix (ECM) and the applications of decellularized ECM scaffold in tissue engineering.
Methods
Recent and related literature was extensively and comprehensively reviewed. The decellularized methods were summarized and classified. The effects of different sterilization methods on decellularized scaffolds were analyzed; the evaluation criterion of extent of decellularization was put forward; and the application of decellularized ECM scaffold in different tissues and organs engineering field was summarized.
Results
The decellularized methods mainly include physical methods, chemical methods, and biological methods, and different decellularization methods have different effects on the extent of cell removal and ECM composition and structure. Therefore, the best decellularization method will be chosen according to the characteristics of the tissues and decellularization methods to achieve the ideal result.
Conclusion
It is very important to choose the appropriate decellularized method for preparing the biological materials desired by tissue engineering. The biological scaffolds prepared by decellularized methods will play an important role in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.
With the aging of the population, the incidence of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) and osteoporosis have been increasing year by year, and the incidence of BPPV in vertigo related diseases has also been ranked first. There are similarities in structure, formation and metabolic mechanism between bone and otolith, but there is no consistent conclusion on the relationship between BPPV and osteoporosis. This article summarizes the current situation of the research on the correlation between BPPV and osteoporosis, the common risk factors and the related co-occurring mechanisms, aiming to provide more ideas for the prevention and treatment of BPPV patients, and improve the prevention and treatment ability of the co-diseases in the elderly.
ObjectiveTo summarize potential related proteins in thyroid papillary carcinoma metastasis and explore its mechanism.MethodThe relevant literatures on the potential related proteins of papillary thyroid carcinoma metastasis at home and abroad were reviewed.ResultsThe previous studies had shown that many biological indicators might be associated with the metastasis of papillary thyroid carcinoma, such as the interleukin-13 receptor alpha 2, chemokine receptor 7, low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 4, cytokine receptor-like factor 1, Rho-related protein kinase 1, and astrocyte up-regulated gene-1 were involved in the proliferation, migration, and metastasis of papillary thyroid carcinoma, which might be the potential therapeutic target for the papillary thyroid carcinoma.ConclusionsThyroid papillary carcinoma metastasis-associated proteins play an important role in tumor metastasis. Some progress has been made in study of metastasis mechanisms, its role and mechanism in lymphatic metastasis should be further studied.
Objective To observe the ultrastructure of theca interna of the de-endothelium allogenetic blood vessels in dogs by transmission and scanning electron microscope at different phases. Methods The endothelium of the allogenetic blood vessels were first removed and cryodensiccated, and were then end to end anastomosed to canine femoral artery. Samples were collected and observed with scanning and transmission electron microscope on the first, second, fourth, eighth, twelfth, sixteenth, and twentieth week after transplantation, respectively. Results A layer of cellulose membrane was formed on the surface of allogenetic blood vessels one week after transplantation; Fusiform cells were observed at the anastomotic stoma of the allogenetic blood vessels two weeks after transplantation, and theca interna, which was covered by fusiform cells and elliptical erythrocytes, was formed twelve weeks later; Slightly hyperplastic smooth muscle cells and collagenous fibers were observed under the endothelium twelve to twenty weeks after transplantation. Conclusion The endothelium cells could cover the surface of the allogenetic blood vessels without remarkable hyperplasia of intima during a short period of time, which may suggest the satisfactory histocompatibility of canine allogenetic blood vessels.
