Tripartite motif 5 (TRIM5) plays a significant function in autophagy and involves in immune and tumor processes. While the function of TRIM5 remains poorly understood in glioma. We purpose to evaluate the possible prognostic role of TRIM5 in glioma via bioinformatics analyses. The database clinical samples of glioma in this study included low grade glioma (LGG) and glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). TRIM5 expression in glioma tissues were explored in Oncomine, GEPIA and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) databases. Survival analysis and the multivariate Cox regression analysis of TRIM5 based on TCGA were used to evaluate the prognostic role of TRIM5. The protein networks of TRIM5 was detected by STRING database. KEGG enrichment analyses were performed to predict the potential molecular pathways of TRIM5 in glioma. In addition, immune infiltration analysis was conducted by CIBERSORT and TIMER databases. We found that TRIM5 was strongly increased in glioma samples compared with normal samples in Oncomine, GEPIA and TCGA databases. Higher TRIM5 was significantly contributed to worse overall survival (OS) in LGG+GBM patients and LGG patients, while was no correlated with OS of GBM patients. Interaction networks analysis identified that IRF3, IRF7, OAS1, OAS2, OAS3, OASL, GBP1, PML, BTBD1 and BTBD2 proteins were contacted with TRIM5. Moreover, KEGG revealed that apoptosis and cancer- and immune-related pathways were enriched with elevated TRIM5. Specifically, TRIM5 could influence the immune infiltration levels, such as activated NK cells, monocytes, activated mast cells and macrophages in glioma. In conclusion, our data indicated that TRIM5 was upregulated in glioma tissues and associated with poor prognosis and immune infiltration. TRIM5 may be acted as a biomarker in prognosis and immunotherapy guidance of glioma.
ObjectiveTo summarize the research progress of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) in the regulation of malignant biological behavior of gallbladder cancer so as to provide references for its related research.MethodThe relevant literatures about studies of lncRNA in gallbladder cancer in recent years were reviewed.ResultsThe recent studies had shown that 19 lncRNAs associated with gallbladder cancer had played the important roles in regulating tumor cell proliferation, migration, invasion, apoptosis, “sponge” miRNAs, chemoresistance, and tumor metastasis. Among them, most lncRNAs tended to have carcinogenic properties, only a few had anticarcinogenic effect. Although the research suggested the mechanism and role of lncRNA to promote or inhibit the occurrence and development of gallbladder cancer, the current research on its mechanism was still limited. In addition, some lncRNAs were found to be specifically expressed in the serum of patients with gallbladder cancer, so which were expected to become biomarkers for tumor diagnosis and prognosis.ConclusionslncRNAs associated with gallbladder cancer have carcinogenic or anticarcinogenic effect, or chemoresistance. They play potential roles in diagnosis, prognosis, and (or) treatment of tumors, but molecular mechanisms of their effects are still limited.
Objective
To summarize the research progress of microRNA in acute pancreatitis.
Methods
By reading the domestic and international literatures published in recent years, to summarize the research progress of microRNA in acute pancreatitis.
Results
In recent years, researches had found that microRNA could be used as a biomarker for acute pancreatitis to predict and determine the occurrence, development, and complications of acute pancreatitis. MicroRNA could regulate the programmed cell death of acute pancreatitis, and played an important role in the development of inflammation and complications, it also could be used as a therapeutic target for acute pancreatitis.
Conclusions
MicroRNA plays an important role in the development of acute pancreatitis. Researching the mechanism of microRNA in acute pancreatitis is helpful for the treatment and prevention of acute pancreatitis.
Objective
To have more insight into roles of growth differentiation factor-15 (GDF15) in digestive tumor.
Method
The basic and clinical studies on the GDF15 in the digestive tumors published were searched in the databases for summarizing the latest advances on this issue.
Results
The GDF15, a novel member of transforming growth factor-β superfamily, played the diverse roles in the progress of the various diseases. The increasing number of evidence indicated that the GDF15 was associated with the diagnosis and prognostication of the digestive tumors, eg: colorectal cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, pancreatic adenocarcinoma, and might serve as a potential biomarker and therapeutic target for the multiple digestive tumors.
Conclusions
Current basic and clinical studies provide some evidences that GDF15 plays a role in digestive tumors. Further studies are needed to elucidate its roles and molecular mechanisms in different stages of diseases.
Breathing gas carries important physiological information. Technology for detection of breathing gas has become a research focus because of the advantages of nondestructive sampling and convenient operation. Proton transfer reaction mass spectrometry (PTR-MS) plays an irreplaceable role because of the advantages of high sensitivity, fast response and good specificity. In this paper, the principle of PTR-MS is introduced first, followed by research progress of PTR-MS in the field of breathing gas detection. Factors influencing the test results are analyzed. Finally, future prospects of development for PTR-MS in the field of breathing gas detection are discussed.
ObjectiveTo explore the metabolic changes during the differentiation of 3T3-L1 adipocytes caused by the treatment of the transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4)-specific agonist GSK1016790A basing on ultra-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry technology. MethodsMouse 3T3-L1 cells were treated with GSK1016790A at different concentrations (0.1, 1, and 10 μmol/L), and the effect of drugs on cell proliferation was detected by cell counting kit-8 method. A mature adipocyte model was constructed, and GSK1016790A was used to activate TRPV4 channel protein activity and verify the expression levels of TRPV4 and triglycerides. Cell metabolites were collected for metabolomic studies, differential metabolites were screened between groups, and related metabolic pathways were analyzed. Results After GSK1016790A intervened in mature adipocytes, the expression levels of TRPV4 mRNA and triglycerides in cells were significantly upregulated (P<0.05). Metabolomics detection found that GSK1016790A screened a total of 45 differential metabolites such as 2-amino-1,3,4-octadecanetriol, linoleic acid, sphingosine, sphinganine, sn-glycerol-3-phosphate and uridine, mainly involving 13 possible metabolic pathways such as sphingolipid metabolism and biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids. Conclusion GSK1016790A may promote adipogenesis in adipocytes by activating TRPV4 channel protein activity, and at the same time participate in regulating metabolic pathways such as the biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids pathway and sphingolipid metabolism pathway, affecting lipid metabolism in adipocytes.
Objective
To explore the diagnostic value of a disintegrin-like and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin type 1 motifs (ADAMTS)-9 in acute aortic dissection (AAD).
Methods
A total of 328 patients with acute onset of chest pain within 24 hours were enrolled in West China Hospital from January 2015 to June 2016 and according to the results of computed tomography angiography they were divided into an AAD group (n=172, 107 males, 65 females, mean age of 50.4±13.1 years) and a control group (n=156, 89 males, 67 females, mean age of 54.9±14.7 years). The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) test was used to measure the level of ADAMTS-9.
Results
Patients in two groups had no significant difference in age, gender, smoke history, hypertension history, total cholesterol, triacylglyceride and hemoglobin (P>0.05). But systolic and diastolic blood pressures were significantly higher in the AAD group than those in the control group (P<0.05, respectively). The level of ADAMTS-9 was significantly higher in the AAD group than that in the control group (249.4±186.8 ng/mlvs. 78.2±48.6 ng/ml,t=11.107, P<0.001). Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed that ADAMTS-9 (156.7 ng/ml) was predictive in the diagnosis of AAD with sensitivity of 0.942 and specificity of 0.628.
Conclusion
ADAMTS-9 might be an effective and important biomarker in diagnosis of AAD.
The nucleic acid adapters of tumor serum markers are oligonucleotide molecules with high specificity and high affinity with tumor serum markers obtained by in vitro screening with systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment (SELEX). Researchers take the advantage of the nucleic acid adapter to explore new tumor serum markers that have more diagnostic value for tumor diagnosis. Recently, some achievements have been achieved in the research of liver cancer and stomach cancer. This paper has reviewed nucleic acid adapter and its research in the serum tumor marker screening, and discussed the value of the nucleic acid adapter of serum tumor markers in the diagnosis, as well as current problems existing in the research. This paper is very useful to help people better understand the screening of nucleic acid adapters of tumor serum markers, and to provide help in discovering new tumor serum markers.
Delirium is an acute cognitive disorder caused by a variety of factors which lead to cerebral cortical dysfunction. At present the studies on the pathophysiology of delirium is still very few. But studies on serum biomarker of delirium can help to elucidate the pathophysiological mechanism of delirium, and the studies are significant for delirium diagnosis, severity classification and prediction of long-term outcome. This review examines three major groups of delirium related serum biomarkers: ① risk markers: those that are present or elevated prior to disease onset, including serum chemistries, genetic markers and so on; ② disease markers: those markers elevate with delirium onset and fall when delirium recovery, including acetylcholine and serum anticholinergic activity, serotonin, serum amino acids, and melatonin, interleukin, C-reactive protein; and ③ end products: those that rise in proportion to the consequences of disease, including S-100? and neuron specific enolase. The three markers mentioned above are helpful to further investigate the mechanism of delirium.
[Abstract]The pathogenesis of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is closely associated with the aberrant expression of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), whose functions are precisely regulated by the important post-transcriptional modification N6-methyladenosine (m6A). Recent studies have revealed that m6A modification plays a critical role in malignant phenotypes of LUAD, including proliferation, invasion, metastasis, and drug resistance, by influencing the stability, processing, and function of lncRNAs. This review systematically summarizes recent advances in understanding the role of m6A-modified lncRNAs in LUAD, with a focus on the functional mechanisms of the m6A-lncRNA regulatory network in tumor progression. It also discusses their clinical potential as novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets, aiming to provide new theoretical insights for the precise diagnosis and treatment of LUAD.
