Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is now recognized as a worldwide public health challenge, and the incidence rate and hospitalization rate have significantly increased in recent years. Without prompt diagnoses and effective treatment in the early renal function damage of CKD, the symptoms will continue to worsen and eventually develop into end-stage renal disease. Functional imaging techniques such as single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS), computerized tomography perfusion (CTP), and magnetic resonance perfusion weighted imaging (MR-PWI) could be used to quantitatively analyze renal perfusion and renal filtration function. Their diagnostic values are increasingly evident and have become the research hotspot in evaluating renal function. The aim of this review is to briefly evaluate the research and application advances in the early renal function damage assessment of CKD, so as to raise the efficiency of clinical applications.
摘要:目的:探討新生兒缺氧缺血性腦病(HIE)的CT表現與臨床分析。方法:對54例HIE患兒的CT表現及臨床特點進行回顧性分析。結果:本組臨床分度為輕度21例,占38.9％(21/54);中度24例,占44.4％(24/54);重度9例,占16.7％(9/54)。CT分度為輕度25例,占46.3%(25/54);中度18例,占33.3%(18/54);重度11例,占20.4%(11/54)。結論:CT對明確HIE的范圍、動態觀察病情變化,對臨床早期干預治療,降低后遺癥有積極作用。Abstract: Objective: To explore the neonatal hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) of CT findings and clinical analysis.Methods:Children of the 54 cases of HIE and clinical performance characteristics of CT were retrospectively analyzed.Results:Clinical subgroup 21 cases of mild degree, accounting for 38.9% (21/54); 24 cases of moderate, accounting for 44.4% (24/54); 9 cases of severe, accounting for 16.7% (9 / 54). CT at 25 cases of mild degree, accounting for 46.3% (25/54); 18 cases of moderate, accounting for 33.3% (18/54); 11 cases of severe, accounting for 20.4% (11/54).Conclusion:CT of the scope of HIE clear, dynamic observation of the disease changes in the clinical treatment of early intervention to reduce the aftereffects have a positive effect.
For patients with partial jaw defects, cysts and dental implants, doctors need to take panoramic X-ray films or manually draw dental arch lines to generate Panorama images in order to observe their complete dentition information during oral diagnosis. In order to solve the problems of additional burden for patients to take panoramic X-ray films and time-consuming issue for doctors to manually segment dental arch lines, this paper proposes an automatic panorama reconstruction method based on cone beam computerized tomography (CBCT). The V-network (VNet) is used to pre-segment the teeth and the background to generate the corresponding binary image, and then the Bezier curve is used to define the best dental arch curve to generate the oral panorama. In addition, this research also addressed the issues of mistakenly recognizing the teeth and jaws as dental arches, incomplete coverage of the dental arch area by the generated dental arch lines, and low robustness, providing intelligent methods for dental diagnosis and improve the work efficiency of doctors.
