Over the past two decades, significant advancements have been achieved in the diagnosis and treatment of sacroiliac joint (SIJ) complex pain. These advances include anatomical studies elucidating the neural innervation mechanisms, research clarifying the impacts of extra-articular factors on SIJ complex pain, and the clinical application of radiofrequency ablation as well as a wide spectrum of minimally invasive surgical techniques. Nevertheless, a unified standardized protocol for the diagnosis and treatment of SIJ complex pain remains to be established. In 2025, the American Academy of Pain Medicine (AAPM) and the American Society of Regional Anesthesia and Pain Medicine (ASRA-PM) convened 27 professional organizations to revise and promulgate multidisciplinary clinical practice guideline for SIJ complex pain. This article conducts a comprehensive interpretation of the aforementioned guideline, compares it with relevant expert consensus documents in China, analyzes the consistencies and divergences in their diagnosis and treatment, and provides a reference for clinical practice.
