Purpose
To identify matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) in human vitreous samples of diabetic vitreoretinopathy (DR) and other ocular diseases (non-DR) and to probe the related factors of MMP expression．
Methods
Thirty-one diabetic and 17 non-diabetic vitreous samples (nine macular hole and eight epiretinal membrane patients) were examined． Samples were concentrated and subjected to substrate zymography to conduct a quantitative analysis of MMP-2,9 activity． The technology of Western blotting against anti-human MMP-2,9 was performed to identify MMP in vitreous samples．
Results
Vitreous samples both from DR patients and from non-DR patients showed a single band at the position of 72 kDa, correspondin g to MMP-2． Quantitative analysis revealed that diabetic vitreous showed higher MMP-2 activity than non-DR, although the difference was not significant.45.2% of DR patients showed MMP-9, but no expression in non-DR．Among DR samples, the positive ratio of MMP-9 in partial posterior vitreous detachment (PVD)(66．7%) was significantly higher than that of complete PVD (15．4%)． Western blotting study confirmed the expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9．
Conclusion
There is no obvious difference of MMP-2 activity between DR and non-DR． MMP-9 may be involved in the pathogenesis of diabetic vitreor etinopathy and the deterioration of proliferative change．
(Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis, 2001,17:195-197
Primary osteoporosis is a severe social problem. It bothers the health of many aged people. Since May 1993, The doubleenergy density of bone test was carried out in postmenopausal women, among them, in 34 cases the concentration of estrogen, calcitonin parathyroidin, calcium and phosphorus in serum were examined. The results were as follows: the bone density decreased obviously while the serum calitonin and parathyroidun levels were high or low, was risen and fallen, but the serum calcium was higher than normal. Three types of osteoporosis in clinicspo stulated: 1.calcitonin and parathyroidin were normal or absent; 2.calcitonin was higher; 3.parathyroidin was higher. The treatment of the different types shouldbe individulized.
Objective
To study the effect of hypoxia on proliferation of cultured bovine retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells and expression of the antiapoptotic protein bcl-2.
Methods
The bovine RPE cells were cultured under normal and hypoxic chamber respectively. After 24 hours, the proliferation of RPE cells was evaluated by［3-(4,5-dimethylthiazole-2yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide, MTT］test. At the same time, anti-bcl-2 protein antibody was examined by immuno-histochemistry method.
Results
The A value in the hypoxia group was higher than that in the normal group after 24 hours (P＜0.05 )in MTT-test. Positive staining for anti-bcl-2 protein antibody was seen in 72.6% cells in hypoxia group and 38.64% in normal group. The positive staining was more obvious near the nucleus, and fine granules scattered in cytoplasm of some cells.
Conclusion
Hypoxia can stimulate the proliferation of RPE cells and expression of antiapoptotic protein bcl-2. The results indicate that bcl-2 may play an important role in mediating the proliferation activity of RPE cells.
(Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis, 2002, 18: 293-295)
Objective
To detect the difference of the light sensitivity in the central visual field between normal people and type Ⅱ diabetic patients without diabetic retinopathy, and evaluate the effect of perimetric examination in early diagnosis of diabetic retinopathy.
Methods
The light sensitivity at the 80 locations in the central field was measured by Dicon field analyzer (model TKS-4000) in 76 normal eyes of 44 normal volunteers aged from 45 to 72 years and 75 eyes of 40 type Ⅱ diabetic patients without retinopathy aged from 46 to 71 years.
Results
For the diabetic patients without diabetic retinopathy, the light sensitivity of locations decreased by 4-8 dB,and there were some decreased light sensitivity areas. The mean light sensitivity of three zones of the central field had significant reduction in the diabetic patients as compared with the control group(Plt;0.001).
Conclusion
The retinal neurosensory function of diabetic patients is damaged in some degrees before diabetic retinopathy occured, and no relationship is found between the decrease of retinal light sensitivity and localized blood-retinal barrier leakage. It is suggested that examination of central field with computerized perimetry has certain clinical significance in early diagnosis of diabetic retinopathy.
(Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis, 2002, 18: 218-220)
Objective To explore the value of expression of carcinomaassociated antigens in early diagnosis and predicting prognosis in gallbladder carcinoma. MethodsThe expression of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), carbohydrate antigen (CA50), Ecadherin (ECD) and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) in 10 cases of cholecystitis, 10 cases of gallbladder adenomas and 50 cases of gallbladder carcinomas were detected by immunohistochemistry. ResultsThe positive rate of CEA, CA50 and PCNA labeling index (LI) in gallbladder carcinomas were significantly higher than that of gallbladder adenomas and cholecystitis (P＜0.05 and P＜0.01). The positive rate of ECD in gallbladder carcinomas, especially with metastasis, was significantly lower than that of gallbladder adenomas and cholecystitis (P＜0.05). The 3year survival rate was significantly lower in gallbladder carcinomas with CEA and PCNA overexpression (P＜0.05), the 3year survival rate in patients with ECD positive tumors was higher than that of those with negative tumors (P＜0.05). Conclusion The detection of CEA, CA50 and PCNA is useful for early diagnosis of malignant change in gallbladder adenomas and gallbladder carcinomas. Therefore, the CEA, PCNA and ECD might be useful for predicting prognosis of gallbladder carcinomas.
Since November 1974 to December 1993, 110 cases with malignant tumors of the extremities were treated by en bloc resection and limb salvage procedure in our hopsital. There were 57 males and 53 females. Their ages ranged from 14 to 70 years. The diagnosis of all patients were confirmed by pathology. Among them, 68 cases were malignant bone tumor, 42 cases were malignant tumor of soft tissue. If the soft tissue was involved by the malignant tumors, the tumor was resected radically and myocutaneous or skin flap was transferred to covered the defect. Among the 42 cases, 5 were free vascularized and 37 were pediculated flaps. The maximal size of the flap was 15×25 cm and the minimal was 6×8 cm. For the malignant bone tumors, en bloc resection was performed and the bone defect was reconstructed with autogenous free vascularized fibular graft, autograft of massive bone with fusion or allograft of cryogenic massive bone. If the joint was involved, limited excision with replacement of prosthesis was recommended. When both soft tissue and bone were involved, segmental resection of tumor was indicated in 17 cases. The patients were followed up for 2 to 9 years, the results of 53 cases were still alive with a survival rate of 48.2%. We emphasized that the local extensive resection should be performed with a safety margin of 3 to 5 cm beyond the tumor. A djuvant chemotheapy and radiotherapy had definite value in the treatment of some malignant tumors, so that preoperative or postoperative chemotherapy or radiotherapy was necessary. Sometimes radical resection of regional lymph rodes was necessary. The indications and causes of recurrence were discussed.
Objective
To investigate the damage to the retinal cells and apoptosis of retinal cells of rats after ischemia-reperfusion insult.
Methods
The retinal ischemia-reperfusion model was developed by increasing intraocular pressure to 109725 mm Hg in rat eyes. Morphological changes of the rat eyes were observed by means of routine histopathology with HE staining. Apoptosis of the retina was assayed by both DNA fragmentation gel-electrophoresis and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate-biotin nick end labelling (TUNEL).
Results
Compared with the normal control, no histopathological changes were revealed in the rat retinas 30 min after the ischemia and then reperfued for 24 h or 48 h. Retinal ganglion cell layer (RGL) and inner plaxiform layer (IPL) of the retina were observed, however, to become significantly thinner 60 min after the ischemia and then reperfued for 24 h or 48 h. Together with the pathological changes DNA ladder pattern was detected in the same group of the rats. Further, immunochemical stain of the eye demonstrated that TUNEL positive cells were localized in RGL and IPL of the retina.
Conclusion
Ischemia-reperfusion insult of the eye may remarkably damage the retina of the rat eye. The damage to the retinal cells is mainly localized within RGL and IPL and apoptosis is the important mechanism of the retinal disorder.
(Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis, 2002, 18: 296-298)
